]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. SKSIDataTypeDescriptions-Topic SKSI data type descriptions topic <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r6Gb7tJodQdiTM88iSyMLmg" class="cyc_term">SKSIDataTypeDescriptions_Topic</a> is the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rgQsP1F2xEdif1wACs2IMlQ" class="cyc_term">Topic</a> containing the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViqDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycL</a> terms used to describe data types for SKSI. double-float DoubleFloatObject An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rF8Vc5VFnEdaCtgACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">ComputerDatatypeType</a>. The double precision floating point number representation in, for example, the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViLJ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">C_ProgrammingLanguage</a>. The <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rF8Vc5VFnEdaCtgACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">ComputerDatatypeType</a> which can store a single bit as data. BitData bit data CharacterObject data structure representing abstract characters This is the character data type in C-like programming languages. Normally the char is stored in memory as one byte (8 bits). 2ByteIntegerDatatype The collection of all computer data types that employ exactly 2 bytes to represent some subset of the integers or values related to represnting integer values such as NAN. Note that this does not specify, for example, whether the data type represents positive integers only, or is in two's complement representation. 2-byte integer StringObject character string The character string data type. In the context of <font color="#ff0000">#$ProgrammingDomainVocabularyMt</font>, it is undetermined if values of this type are implemented as fized length character arrays, or as null terminated strings. IP4 address IP4Address A specialization of UniqueID and IDString. Each instance of IP4NetworkAddress is a string that is a unique address of a network or a computer that is used in communications over the Internet that conform to InternetProtocol V4. An IP4NetworkAddress is equivalent to an IPAddress along with a subnet mask. Note that the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv2n1AZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IPAddress</a>, being the address of a single computer, is just a IP4NetworkAddress with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.255. number data type The number data type. In the context of <font color="#ff0000">#$ProgrammingDomainVocabularyMt</font>, it is entirely undetermined how this data type is implemented. NumberObject IP4NetworkOnlyAddress IP4 network only address 8ByteRealDatatype The collection of all computer data types that employ exactly 8 bytes to represent some subset of the real numbers. 8 byte real datatype computer integer The collection of all computer data types that are capable (only) of representing some subset of the integers or values related to representing integer values such as NAN. IntegerComputerNumber VoidObject An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rF8Vc5VFnEdaCtgACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">ComputerDatatypeType</a>. In <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViLJ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">C_ProgrammingLanguage</a>, a void data type is used in function declarations to indicate that a function returns no values, or when constructing generic (i.e. typeless) pointers. void object The collection of all computer data types that employ exactly 4 bytes to represent some subset of the real numbers. 4 byte real datatype 4ByteRealDatatype lisp atom LispAtom A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGxWxgFL1EdaCtgACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">LispObject</a>. The collection of atomic objects in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjDr5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Lisp</a>. Positive examples include numbers and symbols, negative examples include lists and vectors. string datatype unlimited A character string data type of unlimited length. Database fields or program variables having this type store character strings that are not limited to a size specified at the time the variable or field was introduced. In practice, however, the particular program implementation, operating system or available machine resources will impose SOME limit on the size of the strings that cab be stored in such a variable or field. StringDatatype-Unlimited output stream This generic data type encapsluates the concept of output streams in programming languages. OutputDataStream FloatObject float The float data type is used to store real-valued numbers in C-like programming languages. IP4MachineAddress The collection of IP4 machine addresses (as opposed to addresses of networks). IP4 machine address This generic data type encapsluates the concept of input streams in programming languages. input stream InputDataStream real number datatype The collection of all computer data types that are capable (only) of representing some subset of the real numbers. RealNumberDatatype ComputerDataStructure datastructure A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwFn8s5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerAIS</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r3NMwBjgtEdaHLgACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">ComputerDataStructure</a> is data structured in such a way that when it is stored a computer can use it efficiently. Important specializations include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r3NMwBzgtEdaHLgACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">Array_DataStructure</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r3NNXEDgtEdaHLgACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">HashTable_DataStructure</a>. A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rDkbmEUvwEdaZRgACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">ProgramObject</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGxWxg1L1EdaCtgACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">DataStream</a> is a stream of data. This includes all streams, including Input and Output streams, as well as Byte and Character streams, and more complex objects such as files. stream DataStream VoidPointer An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rshIX1HgIEdaCzAACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">ObjectReferenceDatatypeType</a>. The void pointer type references untyped physical memory. Such pointers are typically returned by dynamic memory allocation routines. void pointer consp LispConsObject A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGxWxgFL1EdaCtgACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">LispObject</a>. The collection of &quot;cons&quot; pairs in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjDr5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Lisp</a>. The concept of the cons pair is closely linked the idea of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvtUAU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">List</a> (vis. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGxWKcVL1EdaCtgACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">LispListObject</a>) in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjDr5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Lisp</a>. A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGxWxgFL1EdaCtgACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">LispObject</a>. The collection of lists (i.e. sequences of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGxWxgFL1EdaCtgACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">LispObject</a>) in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjDr5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Lisp</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGxWKcVL1EdaCtgACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">LispListObject</a> objects are closely related to <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGxWKcFL1EdaCtgACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">LispConsObject</a> objects. LispListObject list 1-byte integer 1ByteIntegerDatatype This generic data type encapsluates the concept of bidirectional streams (allowing both input and output) in programming languages. bidirectional data stream BidirectionalDataStream <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rDkcNJkvwEdaZRgACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">IntegerObject</a> is the signed version of the integer simple data type in C-like languages. Normally its size in memory is equal to the word size of the particular implementation. int IntegerObject computer approximate real number The collection of all approximated real numbers representable by a computer. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rDkbmEUvwEdaZRgACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">ProgramObject</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r51U4kjh1EdebYwACs6hPfA" class="cyc_term">ComputerApproximateRealNumber</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rF8Vc5VFnEdaCtgACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">ComputerDatatypeType</a>. ComputerApproximateRealNumber MAC address A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViIrZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IDString</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv7ncnpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MACAddress</a> identifies a network card within a particular <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjB-5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LocalAreaNetwork</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv2n1AZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IPAddress</a>es, in contrast, identify machines on the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVnZe5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Internet</a>. A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv7ncnpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MACAddress</a> is contained in the source and destination fields of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwT8hzpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Frame_Network</a>'s header. MACAddress 4-byte integer The collection of all computer data types that employ exactly 4 bytes to represent some subset of the integers or values related to represnting integer values such as NAN. Note that this does not specify, for example, whether the data type represents positive integers only, or is in two's complement representation. 4ByteIntegerDatatype LispObject lisp object The generic data type of all lisp objects. This collection includes lists, symbols, strings, and all of the other data types of the Common Lisp standard. The collection of all real numbers of specified precision representable by a computer. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rfy54ZtR8EdqAAAAOpmP6eA" class="cyc_term">RealNumberDatatype</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rbwpiFNoEEdqAAADggVbyFw" class="cyc_term">ArbitraryPrecisionRealNumberDatatype</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rF8Vc5VFnEdaCtgACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">ComputerDatatypeType</a>. ArbitraryPrecisionRealNumberDatatype arbitrary precision real number datatype The <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rF8Vc5VFnEdaCtgACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">ComputerDatatypeType</a> such that instances store strings of binary bytes, aka octets. Such strings are more permissive than character strings, which (depending on the character encoding standard used by the program implementation) disallow the presence of certain bytes, such as zero-bytes and non-printable bytes. Program variables and database fields typed as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rrpVt7NupEdqAAADggVbyFw" class="cyc_term">BinaryObject</a> or one of its specializations are intended to store &quot;raw bytes&quot;, independent of a character encoding. BinaryObject binary object world-modeling program object A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rDkbmEUvwEdaZRgACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">ProgramObject</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rjGeWSG57EdaaIgACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">WorldModelingProgramObject</a> is the abstract structure of a representation of an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA9JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Thing</a>. Computer programs are useful to humans because they are efficient processors and manipulators of information about things outside of the program that are interesting to humans . When this information, about some <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA9JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Thing</a>, happens to be represented in a single instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rF8Vc5VFnEdaCtgACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">ComputerDatatypeType</a>, then that instance is almost always also a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rjGeWSG57EdaaIgACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">WorldModelingProgramObject</a>. Computers were initially designed to handle representations of numbers only. But with the advent of modern programming languages, complex user-defined datastructures allow the representation of almost arbitrary things, including instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvl2en5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Set_Mathematical</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAzZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Relation</a>, or even <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rjGeWSG57EdaaIgACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">WorldModelingProgramObject</a> is useful in distinguishing those data a program's user will care about from those that are merely implementation details. See also the unary denotational function <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rjGeWRG57EdaaIgACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">ProgramObjectValueFn</a> and the binary predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rjGeWRW57EdaaIgACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">programObjectRepresentsValue</a>. WorldModelingProgramObject A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGxWxgFL1EdaCtgACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">LispObject</a>. The collection of symbols in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjDr5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Lisp</a>. symbol-p object LispSymbol 8-byte integer The collection of all computer data types that employ exactly 8 bytes to represent some subset of the integers or values related to represnting integer values such as NAN. Note that this does not specify, for example, whether the data type represents positive integers only, or is in two's complement representation. 8ByteIntegerDatatype binary datatype unlimited A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rF8Vc5VFnEdaCtgACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">ComputerDatatypeType</a> for storing binary data (strings of octets). Program variables and database fields having this datatype are not limited in size at the time of their definition, but are of course limited in practice by OS, software implementation, or machine resources. Any particular instantiation of a field or variable with the type <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rhJ2ZvNomEdqAAADggVbyFw" class="cyc_term">BinaryDatatype_Unlimited</a> will have an amount of storage allocated that is determined by the actual datum stored there. BinaryDatatype-Unlimited VariableLengthBitString variable-length bit string A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwFn8s5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerAIS</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rDkbmEUvwEdaZRgACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">ProgramObject</a> is the collection of all data structures that are explicitly referenced in computer programs. All data types are considered to be specializations of this collection. programming datastructure ProgramObject RationalNumberDenotingProgramObject rational computer number The collection of all rational computer numbers. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rDkbmEUvwEdaZRgACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">ProgramObject</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rCQWX4jJGEdeXNAACs6hPfA" class="cyc_term">RationalNumberDenotingProgramObject</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rF8Vc5VFnEdaCtgACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">ComputerDatatypeType</a>. A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGxWxg1L1EdaCtgACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">DataStream</a>. This is the FILE structure used in POSIX compliant libraries like the GNU C Library. C file object CFileObject A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwIE23ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TimeDependentCollection</a> (q.v.). This is the collection of all and only those collections <code><b>COL</b></code> such that any thing's being an instance of <code><b>COL</b></code> depends on the current state of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjqoZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycKB</a>. Such a <code><b>COL</b></code> corresponds to a property defined (at least partly) in terms of the contents, features, or implementation of the Cyc Knowledge Base itself, as opposed to a property that &quot;exists out there&quot; in the KB-independent world. <p/> For example, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvV281JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycLAssertion</a> is a KB-dependent collection, membership in which requires of a given CycL sentence that it has in fact been asserted to the KB. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycLSentence</a> is also KB-dependent, as being a CycL sentence requires being composed (ultimately) out of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvu6KTZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycLReifiedDenotationalTerm</a>s (and perhaps variables) -- i.e. terms that are currently reified in the KB. Conversely, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv5ddsJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sentence</a> is <i>not</i> a KB-dependent collection. <p/> See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvip9N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">KBDependentRelation</a>. KB dependent collection KBDependentCollection SKSIDataTypeDescriptions-Topic SKSI data type descriptions topic <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r6Gb7tJodQdiTM88iSyMLmg" class="cyc_term">SKSIDataTypeDescriptions_Topic</a> is the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rgQsP1F2xEdif1wACs2IMlQ" class="cyc_term">Topic</a> containing the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViqDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycL</a> terms used to describe data types for SKSI. SKSIDataTypeDescriptions-Topic SKSI data type descriptions topic <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r6Gb7tJodQdiTM88iSyMLmg" class="cyc_term">SKSIDataTypeDescriptions_Topic</a> is the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rgQsP1F2xEdif1wACs2IMlQ" class="cyc_term">Topic</a> containing the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViqDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycL</a> terms used to describe data types for SKSI. CycVocabularyTopic An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvprlOZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FacetingCollectionType</a> and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rgQsP1F2xEdif1wACs2IMlQ" class="cyc_term">Topic</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rAmoSCGJbQdiSXZJvYiNhkQ" class="cyc_term">CycVocabularyTopic</a> is a collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA9JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Thing</a>s falling under a topic for which some Cyc Vocabulary exists. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rgQsP1F2xEdif1wACs2IMlQ" class="cyc_term">Topic</a> is neither a strict [<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvcZ1FpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">facets_Strict</a>] nor a covering [<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv86JWpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">facets_Covering</a>] faceting of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA9JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Thing</a>: many <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA9JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Thing</a>s may be instances of no <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rgQsP1F2xEdif1wACs2IMlQ" class="cyc_term">Topic</a>, or of multiple <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rgQsP1F2xEdif1wACs2IMlQ" class="cyc_term">Topic</a>s. cyc vocabulary topic SKSI-Topic SKSI topic The collection of all CycL terms created as part of the structured knowledge source integration effort undertaken at the beginning of 2002. Most of these terms are defined in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r0zZ5ODIXEdaAAACQJ5pZBw" class="cyc_term">SKSIVocabularyMt</a>.