]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rAmoSCGJbQdiSXZJvYiNhkQ" class="cyc_term">CycVocabularyTopic</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rtGXkHpNaEdqAAAACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">KBDependentCollection</a>. general animal anatomy physiology topic GeneralAnimalAnatomy-Physiology-Topic This is a collection of collections; in particular, it is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA4pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SiblingDisjointCollectionType</a> (q.v.). Consider any one element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVzih5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalBodyRegionType</a>, call it X. X is a collection of subsets of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVraoZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalBodyRegion</a>, such that any two elements of X are either disjoint or else one is a subset of the other E.g., the set consisting of the three elements (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvgIFoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LeftObjectOfPairFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViGVZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Hand</a>), (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvgHsHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RightObjectOfPairFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViGVZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Hand</a>), <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViGVZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Hand</a>, would be a legal element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVzih5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalBodyRegionType</a>. type of animal body region AnimalBodyRegionType A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP4HYZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalBLO</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVraoZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalBodyRegion</a> is a significant spatial subdivision of the body of some animal, where the subdivision in question is usually contiguous, and has some more or less clear boundary. Instances of this collection include anatomical parts (see the specialization <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAHJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalBodyPart</a>) , such as a person's head, beard, or right arm. In addition, this collection includes body regions that are not anatomical parts, such as a blister, a puncture wound, or a bruise. AnimalBodyRegion region on an animal's body A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAHJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalBodyPart</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP3iWpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Organ</a> is a part of an animal that has a specialized physiological function and is more or less localized within the animal. Examples include hearts, kidneys, and tongues. Specializations include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvvwMaJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InternalOrgan</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvfyRHJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExternalOrgan</a>. Note that, in most contexts, a distributed system like a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViT_pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NervousSystem</a> or a (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVimYZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SkinOnFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViebZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WholeBody</a>) is not an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP3iWpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Organ</a>. organ Organ A collection of specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVraoZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalBodyRegion</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjn2pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalBodyPartType</a> is a collection of body parts, where the parts in question are differentiated from other body parts according to structure or function. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjn2pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalBodyPartType</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkFEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SpinalColumn</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi41pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Eyelash</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViT_pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NervousSystem</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjkypwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Urethra</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkBpJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Wing_AnimalBodyPart</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjoOJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HeelOfPalm</a>. body part type AnimalBodyPartType MuscleTissue A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQBXZpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OrganismPart</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjMOJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MuscleTissue</a> is a quantity of muscle tissue; that is, tissue composing biological organs that converts chemical energy into mechanical energy. Note that as this collection is a specialization (via <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQBXZpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OrganismPart</a>) of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVim7ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologicalLivingObject</a>, it only covers "undetached" muscle parts. An important specialization of this collection is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvYA8cJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Muscle</a>, the collection of masses of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjMOJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MuscleTissue</a> attached at both ends that are controlled by nerves, and move one or more body parts. muscle body part A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVraoZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalBodyRegion</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAHJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalBodyPart</a> is an anatomical part of some living animal, and thus is itself an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVim7ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologicalLivingObject</a> (q.v). <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAHJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalBodyPart</a> includes both highly localized organs (for example, hearts) and physical systems composed of parts distributed throughout an animal's body (such as an animal's circulatory system and nervous system). Note that severed limbs and removed organs are _not_ instances of this collection, since they are not _parts_ of some living animal. AnimalBodyPart anatomicalParts <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjufpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">anatomicalParts</a> ORGANISM PART)</code> means that the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQBXZpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OrganismPart</a> <code>PART</code> is an anatomical part of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjE1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Organism_Whole</a> <code>ORGANISM</code>. One should use the predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj5FpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">physicalParts</a> (q.v.), rather than <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjufpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">anatomicalParts</a>, to relate an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQBXZpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OrganismPart</a> (for example, a hand) to other <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQBXZpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OrganismPart</a>s (for example, the fingers of the hand) that are part of it. anatomical part general animal anatomy physiology topic A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rAmoSCGJbQdiSXZJvYiNhkQ" class="cyc_term">CycVocabularyTopic</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rtGXkHpNaEdqAAAACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">KBDependentCollection</a>. GeneralAnimalAnatomy-Physiology-Topic A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwIE23ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TimeDependentCollection</a> (q.v.). This is the collection of all and only those collections <code>COL</code> such that any thing's being an instance of <code>COL</code> depends on the current state of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjqoZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycKB</a>. Such a <code>COL</code> corresponds to a property defined (at least partly) in terms of the contents, features, or implementation of the Cyc Knowledge Base itself, as opposed to a property that "exists out there" in the KB-independent world. For example, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvV281JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycLAssertion</a> is a KB-dependent collection, membership in which requires of a given CycL sentence that it has in fact been asserted to the KB. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycLSentence</a> is also KB-dependent, as being a CycL sentence requires being composed (ultimately) out of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvu6KTZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycLReifiedDenotationalTerm</a>s (and perhaps variables) -- i.e. terms that are currently reified in the KB. Conversely, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv5ddsJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sentence</a> is not a KB-dependent collection. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvip9N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">KBDependentRelation</a>. KB dependent collection KBDependentCollection CycVocabularyTopic An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvprlOZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FacetingCollectionType</a> and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rgQsP1F2xEdif1wACs2IMlQ" class="cyc_term">Topic</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rAmoSCGJbQdiSXZJvYiNhkQ" class="cyc_term">CycVocabularyTopic</a> is a collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA9JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Thing</a>s falling under a topic for which some Cyc Vocabulary exists. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rgQsP1F2xEdif1wACs2IMlQ" class="cyc_term">Topic</a> is neither a strict [<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvcZ1FpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">facets_Strict</a>] nor a covering [<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv86JWpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">facets_Covering</a>] faceting of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA9JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Thing</a>: many <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA9JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Thing</a>s may be instances of no <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rgQsP1F2xEdif1wACs2IMlQ" class="cyc_term">Topic</a>, or of multiple <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rgQsP1F2xEdif1wACs2IMlQ" class="cyc_term">Topic</a>s. cyc vocabulary topic A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rAmoSCGJbQdiSXZJvYiNhkQ" class="cyc_term">CycVocabularyTopic</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rtGXkHpNaEdqAAAACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">KBDependentCollection</a>. physiology-topic Physiology-Topic general animal anatomy physiology topic A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rAmoSCGJbQdiSXZJvYiNhkQ" class="cyc_term">CycVocabularyTopic</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rtGXkHpNaEdqAAAACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">KBDependentCollection</a>. GeneralAnimalAnatomy-Physiology-Topic general animal anatomy physiology topic A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rAmoSCGJbQdiSXZJvYiNhkQ" class="cyc_term">CycVocabularyTopic</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rtGXkHpNaEdqAAAACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">KBDependentCollection</a>. GeneralAnimalAnatomy-Physiology-Topic