]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvprlOZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FacetingCollectionType</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rANFO8Ec-EdaEKABQ2sS97g" class="cyc_term">MusicTypeByGenre</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjOJpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Music</a> whose instances are of the same genre. Instances include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP2KM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">JazzMusic</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv5kRrJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HeavyMetalMusic</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvdSC7JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CountryWesternMusic</a>. style of music MusicTypeByGenre musical style musical styles styles of music major musical style Instances are collections representing different styles of music. The instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv8ceypwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MusicTypeByMajorGenre</a> divides music up by style as opposed to by composer or by geographic region, although it's certainly true that particular styles originate in different regions. Notably, no instance of this collection is a sub-genre of any other genre. MusicTypeByMajorGenre ChristianMonophonicChantMusic-EasternOrthodox A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rJonuvjODEduAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">ChantMusic</a>. Christian monophonic chant music is the collection of sequences of sounds that constitute traditional songs used in the liturgies of the Eastern Orthodox Catholic Church. christian monophonic chant music eastern orthodox A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvhBZ_5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RockMusic</a> whose heyday was the early-to-mid1970s. Compared to most <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvhBZ_5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RockMusic</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvcjYCZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ProgressiveRockMusic</a> typically features longer compositions and more purely instrumental passages. Influential practitioners of this style include Yes, King Crimson, and Soft Machine. ProgressiveRockMusic progressive rock industrial music A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvhBZ_5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RockMusic</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvgi__pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IndustrialMusic</a> started as a British underground movement in the late 1970s and early 1980s. It combined a Punk attitude with a sort of Avant Garde aesthetic. The music was largely electronically created, repetitive, often trance-like, and sometimes dissonent. Toward the late 1980s, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvgi__pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IndustrialMusic</a> became on the whole more rythmic and danceable, and consequently, more popular. Influential practitioners of this style include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWsP3JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ThrobbingGristle_MusicGroup</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv_qm2pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CabaretVoltaire_MusicGroup</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv33YS5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EinsturzendeNeubauten_MusicGroup</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv0mbNZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NineInchNails_MusicGroup</a>. IndustrialMusic The collection of all Gregorian chant music -- sequences of sounds that constitute Gregorian chant music. Gregorian chant GregorianChantMusic The collection of all Ambrosian chant music -- sequences of sounds that constitute Ambrosian chant music. AmbrosianChantMusic Ambrosian chant RussianChantMusic Russian chant The collection of all Russian chant music -- sequences of sounds that constitute Russian chant music. FolkRockMusic A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvhBZ_5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RockMusic</a> whose heyday was the late 1960s to the early 1970s. Influenced by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvuj-7pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FolkMusic</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvZcUi5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FolkRockMusic</a> is quieter and slower than most other types of Rock, and features more acoustic (i.e. non-electrified) instrumentation. Its lyrics focus less on rebellion, and more on peace, nature, rustic living, and personal growth. Influential practitioners of this style include Joni Mitchell; Crosby, Stills and Nash; and James Taylor. folk rock BritishFolkRockMusic British folk rock A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvhBZ_5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RockMusic</a> (but not of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvZcUi5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FolkRockMusic</a>, which was largely American), <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvwEJtpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BritishFolkRockMusic</a> was mainly produced in England, and was heavily influenced by traditional <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvuj-7pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FolkMusic</a> of the <font color="#ff0000">#$BritishIsles-Region</font>. Influential practitioners of this style include Fairport Convention, Pentangle, and Nick Drake. BeneventanChantMusic The collection of all Mozarabic chant music -- sequences of sounds that constitute Mosarabic chant music. Beneventan chant GothicMusic A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvhBZ_5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RockMusic</a> and a spin-off of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvaeylZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PostPunkMusic</a>. A long- lasting (if decidedly fringe) movement, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvaRAGpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GothicMusic</a> had its heyday from the mid 1980s to the late 1990s. The music is somber, and the song lyrics contain frequent references to death and the supernatural. Influential practitioners of this style include Siouxsie and the Banshees, Bauhaus, Christian Death, and the Sex Gang Children. gothic music plainsong A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rJonuvjODEduAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">ChantMusic</a>. Christian monophonic chant music is the collection of sequences of sounds that constitute traditional songs used in the liturgies of the Eastern Orthodox Catholic Church. ChristianMonophonicChantMusic-RomanCatholic christian monophonic chant music A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rJonuvjODEduAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">ChantMusic</a>. Christian monophonic chant music is the collection of sequences of sounds that constitute traditional songs used in the liturgies of Christian Churches. ChristianMonophonicChantMusic Old Roman chant The collection of all Old Roman chant music -- sequences of sounds that constitute Celtic chant music. OldRomanChantMusic acoustic rock music AcousticRockMusic SyrianChantMusic Syrian chant The collection of all Russian chant music -- sequences of sounds that constitute Syrian chant music. A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvhBZ_5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RockMusic</a> whose heyday was the late 1960s to the early 1970s. Heavily influenced by CountryMusic, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwRkf0JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CountryRockMusic</a> often incorporates instruments more commonly featured in Country than in Rock, e.g. the pedal steel type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPuepJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Guitar_Electric</a>. Influential practitioners of this style include Gram Parsons, Linda Ronstadt, and the Eagles. CountryRockMusic country rock punk music A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvhBZ_5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RockMusic</a> whose heyday was the mid-to-late 1970s. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvl9fUZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PunkMusic</a> tends to be loud and musically unsophisticated; the song lyrics are often angry and political in nature. It was conceived in part as an antidote to the perceived pretentiousness and pomposity of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvcjYCZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ProgressiveRockMusic</a> and other mainstream forms of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvhBZ_5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RockMusic</a>. Influential practitioners of this style include the Ramones, the Sex Pistols, and the Clash. (Note: the music of many mid-1960s garage bands is sometimes called Punk; that music, however apt the label might be for it, is not a specialization <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvl9fUZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PunkMusic</a>). PunkMusic AlternativeRockMusic alternative rock A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvhBZ_5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RockMusic</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLEWzJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AlternativeRockMusic</a> covers a variety of styles through which it's hard to trace many common threads. Named so as to distinguish itself from (at least) pop- and dance-oriented Rock, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLEWzJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AlternativeRockMusic</a> nevertheless made up a significant portion of the most popular <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvhBZ_5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RockMusic</a> during the 1990s. disco music A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvhBZ_5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RockMusic</a> whose heyday was the mid-to-late 1970s. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvtacVZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DiscoMusic</a> was the main stlye of music played in discoteques at that time. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvtacVZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DiscoMusic</a> is characterized by strong rhythms and good-timey lyrics. Principle practitioners include Donna Summer, the Bee Gees, and Barry White. DiscoMusic CopticChantMusic The collection of all Coptic chant music -- sequences of sounds that constitute Coptic chant music. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rk6wMyDO8EduAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">ChristianMonophonicChantMusic_EasternOrthodox</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4riIh7bjO9EduAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">CopticChantMusic</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rANFO8Ec-EdaEKABQ2sS97g" class="cyc_term">MusicTypeByGenre</a>. Coptic chant Mozarabic chant MozarabicChantMusic The collection of all Mozarabic chant music -- sequences of sounds that constitute Mosarabic chant music. The collection of all Byzantine chant music -- sequences of sounds that constitute Byzantine chant music. Byzantine chant ByzantineChantMusic The collection of all Gallican chant music -- sequences of sounds that constitute Gallican chant music. Gallican chant GallicanChantMusic Celtic chant The collection of all Celtic chant music -- sequences of sounds that constitute Celtic chant music. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rlRI2FDO8EduAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">ChristianMonophonicChantMusic_RomanCatholic</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r3QHE1DO9EduAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">CelticChantMusic</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rANFO8Ec-EdaEKABQ2sS97g" class="cyc_term">MusicTypeByGenre</a>. CelticChantMusic A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvhBZ_5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RockMusic</a> that incoporates certain aspects of heavy BluesRockMusic and PunkMusic. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvhFS5pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GrungeRockMusic</a> became quite popular in the early-to-mid 1990s. Influential practitioners of this style include Nirvana, Pearl Jam, Soundgarden, and Hole. grunge music GrungeRockMusic Armenian chant The collection of all Armenian chant music -- sequences of sounds that constitute Armenian chant music. ArmenianChantMusic The collection of all specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>, that is, of all collections of (first-order) collections, and an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHUFI8h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">ThirdOrderCollection</a>. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> are collections of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>s. Any instance of any instance of any instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Individual</a>. SecondOrderCollection second-order Cyc collection Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString music type MusicType This is the collection of all music types. It includes not only types-by-style (basically genres) but also types-by-instrumentation, -period, -region, etc. A collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvtppU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CollectionType</a>s. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvprlOZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FacetingCollectionType</a> is a collection-type that &quot;facets&quot; -- i.e. stands in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvjldVJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">facets_Generic</a> (q.v.) relation to -- another collection. Examples include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVibOJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AutomobileTypeByBrand</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rANFO8Ec-EdaEKABQ2sS97g" class="cyc_term">MusicTypeByGenre</a>, which facet <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVwZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Automobile</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjOJpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Music</a>, respectively. faceting collection type FacetingCollectionType A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvprlOZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FacetingCollectionType</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rANFO8Ec-EdaEKABQ2sS97g" class="cyc_term">MusicTypeByGenre</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjOJpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Music</a> whose instances are of the same genre. Instances include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP2KM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">JazzMusic</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv5kRrJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HeavyMetalMusic</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvdSC7JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CountryWesternMusic</a>. style of music MusicTypeByGenre FacetInstanceCollection facet collection A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvtppU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CollectionType</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv1fLiZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FacetInstanceCollection</a> is a collection that is an instance of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvprlOZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FacetingCollectionType</a> (q.v.). For example, the facet-instance-collection (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rBVDJsPLMQdiZD5jLVkyKUw" class="cyc_term">WineOfVintageFn</a> (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjympwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">YearFn</a> 1926)) is an instance of the faceting-collection-type <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rWdpZhPLLQdiKEtsuZMndzQ" class="cyc_term">WineTypeByVintage</a>. A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvprlOZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FacetingCollectionType</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rANFO8Ec-EdaEKABQ2sS97g" class="cyc_term">MusicTypeByGenre</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjOJpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Music</a> whose instances are of the same genre. Instances include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP2KM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">JazzMusic</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv5kRrJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HeavyMetalMusic</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvdSC7JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CountryWesternMusic</a>. style of music MusicTypeByGenre