]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. ElectronicComponentTypeByFunction A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a>. Each instance of this (second-order) collection is a spec of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi-X5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ElectronicComponent</a> differentiated only by its intended function (for example, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi5dJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Capacitor</a>). electronic component type by function A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv-wjgpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Diode</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi-X5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ElectronicComponent</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rAgcCjhyiQdiNLMWgriOgkA" class="cyc_term">Diode_Microelectronic</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rBIWPKBygQdiAe4vGNtryvQ" class="cyc_term">ElectronicComponentTypeByFunction</a>. diode-microelectronic Diode-Microelectronic Capacitor capacitor An electrical device used to store electrical charge. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi5t5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Resistor</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi-X5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ElectronicComponent</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rNoVQAhyhQdiP4fbAr4ilXg" class="cyc_term">Resistor_Microelectronic</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rBIWPKBygQdiAe4vGNtryvQ" class="cyc_term">ElectronicComponentTypeByFunction</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a>. Resistor-Microelectronic resistor-microelectronic transistor-microelectronic Transistor-Microelectronic A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi2gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Transistor</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rIA5b7ByiQdiO04I7pvOuDw" class="cyc_term">Transistor_Microelectronic</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rBIWPKBygQdiAe4vGNtryvQ" class="cyc_term">ElectronicComponentTypeByFunction</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a>. An electrical device used to produce magnetic flux from an electric current. Inductor inductor capacitor-microelectronic A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi5dJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Capacitor</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r1vq6kByhQdiZVP3HzljleQ" class="cyc_term">Capacitor_Microelectronic</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rBIWPKBygQdiAe4vGNtryvQ" class="cyc_term">ElectronicComponentTypeByFunction</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a>. Capacitor-Microelectronic A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rtGXkHpNaEdqAAAACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">KBDependentCollection</a> of collections of collections (and thus an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rviPYH5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CollectionTypeType</a> and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvtppU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CollectionType</a>). A sibling-disjoint collection type is such that its known (i.e. KB-represented) instances are collections that -- save for any that are related to each other by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">genls</a> and any that are explicitly asserted to be exceptions (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQtVmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">siblingDisjointExceptions</a>) -- are disjoint from each other. More precisely, each instance <code>SIB</code> of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA4pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SiblingDisjointCollectionType</a> is a collection of collections that has the following KB-dependent property: For any two known instances <code>COL1</code> and <code>COL2</code> of <code>SIB</code>, at least one of the following is known to hold: <pre> (a) (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">genls</a> COL1 COL2) (b) (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">genls</a> COL2 COL1) (c) (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQtVmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">siblingDisjointExceptions</a> COL1 COL2) (d) (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA45wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">disjointWith</a> COL1 COL2) </pre> Moreover, note that if <code>MT</code> is a context (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA1ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Microtheory</a>) in which (i) both <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> COL1 SIB)</code> and <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> COL2 SIB)</code> hold and (ii) neither <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">genls</a> COL1 COL2)</code> nor <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">genls</a> COL2 COL1)</code> nor <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQtVmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">siblingDisjointExceptions</a> COL1 COL2)</code> is known to hold (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP-JvpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">knownSentence</a>), then <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA45wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">disjointWith</a> COL1 COL2)</code> holds by default in <code>MT</code>. For example, in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjakJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologyMt</a> both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Dog</a> are instances of the sibling-disjoint collection type <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjK65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologicalSpecies</a>, while neither (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">genls</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Dog</a>) nor (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">genls</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Dog</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a>) nor (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQtVmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">siblingDisjointExceptions</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Dog</a>) is known to hold in that context; consequently, (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA45wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">disjointWith</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Dog</a>) holds by default in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjakJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologyMt</a>. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA4pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SiblingDisjointCollectionType</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVji6JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologicalTaxon</a> (and its specializations), <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwKTnSJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OrganismPartType</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwE01SZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RelationshipTypeByArity</a>. See the generalization <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rk8dxOFcGEdaLwgACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">SiblingDisjointSetOrCollectionType</a>. Also cf. the stronger notion of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWPoRpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DisjointCollectionType</a>. sibling disjoint collection type SiblingDisjointCollectionType The collection of all specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>, that is, of all collections of (first-order) collections, and an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHUFI8h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">ThirdOrderCollection</a>. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> are collections of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>s. Any instance of any instance of any instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Individual</a>. SecondOrderCollection second-order Cyc collection ElectronicComponentTypeByFunction A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a>. Each instance of this (second-order) collection is a spec of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi-X5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ElectronicComponent</a> differentiated only by its intended function (for example, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi5dJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Capacitor</a>). electronic component type by function ElectronicComponentTypeByFunction A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a>. Each instance of this (second-order) collection is a spec of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi-X5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ElectronicComponent</a> differentiated only by its intended function (for example, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi5dJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Capacitor</a>). electronic component type by function A collection of collections. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj27ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a> (q.v.). Moreover, each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a> is a collection that is temporally stuff-like (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a>) but physically-spatially object-like (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a>) -- i.e. object-like with respect to some physical-spatial part-whole predicate (e.g. some specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r8a2smPXcQdiEoJhcx65EiQ" class="cyc_term">properPhysicalDecompositions</a>). Consider the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj27ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a>. Further, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a> is temporally stuff-like: any one of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a> of a given copy <code>COPY</code> of (say) "Moby Dick" is still a copy of "Moby Dick". (Most collections of tangible objects are temporally stuff-like in this way.) But <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a> is spatially object-like: if we take a scalpel and slice <code>COPY</code> into ten pieces, each piece is not a copy of "Moby Dick". So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a>. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVir35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StuffType</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVny6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingStuffType</a>. ExistingObjectType type of object product type The collection of all types of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj27ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a> things that are usually/frequently commercially manufactured. This is context dependent. ManufacturedGoodsType