]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. PersonTypeByEducationLevel type of person classified by education level grade educational levels grades types of person classified by education level educational level fifth grade level FifthGradeLevel The collection of individuals who have a bachelor's degree as their highest educational degree earned (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rsieVwHWaQdeAhsggL2dmvw" class="cyc_term">highestEducationLevel</a>). To state that someone has at least a bachelor's level use <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r_2yt-HWZQdeBTs47E6ixJA" class="cyc_term">educationLevel</a>. bachelor level BachelorLevel ElementaryLevel elementary level The collection of all persons who have achieved elementary-school level education. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rVYHC0HS8EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">ElementaryLevel</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGC-qsHSxEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByEducationLevel</a>. TenthGradeLevel tenth grade level junior high level JuniorHighLevel The collection of all persons who have achieved junior high level education. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rU6T5LnTAEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">SecondarySchoolLevel</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r37kJFnS5EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">JuniorHighLevel</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGC-qsHSxEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByEducationLevel</a>. CollegeJuniorLevel college junior level college junior level college sophomore level CollegeSophomoreLevel college sophomore level UndergraduateLevel undergraduate level The collection of all persons who have acheived an undergraduate level of education. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r_0fzup0fQdiYa_OT4YKKXw" class="cyc_term">LiterateAgent</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rIcwFloGUQdeMlsOWYLFB2w" class="cyc_term">HomoSapiens</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rsr9zwnS6EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">UndergraduateLevel</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGC-qsHSxEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByEducationLevel</a>. PhDLevel The collection of all persons who have achieved a PhD level of education. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r9Hpk2nWZQdeQEdDSwVMqUQ" class="cyc_term">DoctoralLevel</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rLjYmuHTAEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">PhDLevel</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rUQ4fFJX-QdeILOlR_nDRRA" class="cyc_term">ExistenceDependentTerminalCollection</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGC-qsHSxEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByEducationLevel</a>. PhD level secondary school level SecondarySchoolLevel The collection of all people who ahve secondary school level educations. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rIcwFloGUQdeMlsOWYLFB2w" class="cyc_term">HomoSapiens</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rU6T5LnTAEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">SecondarySchoolLevel</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGC-qsHSxEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByEducationLevel</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r_6HdOlV3QdeI9PHEy04DkQ" class="cyc_term">NonInitialCollection</a>. college senior level college senior level CollegeSeniorLevel bachelor of arts level BachelorOfArtsLevel The collection of all bachelor of arts levels. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rZXPgQHS-EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">BachelorLevel</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rMFZWjnS7EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">BachelorOfArtsLevel</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGC-qsHSxEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByEducationLevel</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r_6HdOlV3QdeI9PHEy04DkQ" class="cyc_term">NonInitialCollection</a>. AssociateLevel associate level The educational attribute for anyone who has an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvV8LtZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AssociatesDegree</a> but no Bachelor's degree first grade level FirstGradeLevel SecondGradeLevel second grade level The collection of all persons who have completed master of arts level education. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rCfB7pHS8EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">MastersLevel</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rSGG3yHS7EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">MasterOfArtsLevel</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGC-qsHSxEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByEducationLevel</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r_6HdOlV3QdeI9PHEy04DkQ" class="cyc_term">NonInitialCollection</a>. MasterOfArtsLevel master of arts level EleventhGradeLevel eleventh grade level sixth grade level SixthGradeLevel NeverSchooled never schooled thing SeventhGradeLevel seventh grade level ThirdGradeLevel third grade level FourthGradeLevel fourth grade level MasterOfScienceLevel master of science level The collection of all persons who have completed master of science level education. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rCfB7pHS8EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">MastersLevel</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rQjMiIHS_EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">MasterOfScienceLevel</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGC-qsHSxEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByEducationLevel</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r_6HdOlV3QdeI9PHEy04DkQ" class="cyc_term">NonInitialCollection</a>. medical degree level MedicalDegreeLevel The collection of all medical degree levels. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r9Hpk2nWZQdeQEdDSwVMqUQ" class="cyc_term">DoctoralLevel</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r_n2sZnS_EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">MedicalDegreeLevel</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rUQ4fFJX-QdeILOlR_nDRRA" class="cyc_term">ExistenceDependentTerminalCollection</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGC-qsHSxEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByEducationLevel</a>. preschool level The collection of all persons who have acheived a preschool level of education. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rIcwFloGUQdeMlsOWYLFB2w" class="cyc_term">HomoSapiens</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rIYR-kHS9EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">PreschoolLevel</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGC-qsHSxEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByEducationLevel</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r_6HdOlV3QdeI9PHEy04DkQ" class="cyc_term">NonInitialCollection</a>. PreschoolLevel TwelfthGradeLevel twelfth grade level eighth grade level EighthGradeLevel The collection of all kindergarten levels. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rIcwFloGUQdeMlsOWYLFB2w" class="cyc_term">HomoSapiens</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r0FLDwnS5EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">KindergartenLevel</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGC-qsHSxEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByEducationLevel</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r_6HdOlV3QdeI9PHEy04DkQ" class="cyc_term">NonInitialCollection</a>. kindergarten level KindergartenLevel The collection of all bachelor of science levels. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rZXPgQHS-EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">BachelorLevel</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rKfqDQnS_EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">BachelorOfScienceLevel</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGC-qsHSxEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByEducationLevel</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r_6HdOlV3QdeI9PHEy04DkQ" class="cyc_term">NonInitialCollection</a>. bachelor of science level BachelorOfScienceLevel NinthGradeLevel ninth grade level HighSchoolLevel high school level The collection of instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a> whose highest education level is at least some high school. This includes high school graduates who have had no further education as well as individuals who are currently in some high school grade level. HighSchoolGraduateLevel high school graduate level The collection of instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a> who have graduated from high school, but have had no further formal education. Note: this collection is distinct from (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP1KhZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GraduateFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjsgZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HighSchool</a>). The latter is the collection of all high school graduates including those who have had further formal education. DoctoralLevel doctoral level The collection of all people who have earned some kind of doctoral degree. Two important specializations are <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r_n2sZnS_EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">MedicalDegreeLevel</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rLjYmuHTAEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">PhDLevel</a>. To say that someone, PERSON has at least this educational level assert (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r_2yt-HWZQdeBTs47E6ixJA" class="cyc_term">educationLevel</a> PERSON DoctoralLevel). To state that someone, PERSON has this as their highest educational level assert (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rsieVwHWaQdeAhsggL2dmvw" class="cyc_term">highestEducationLevel</a> PERSON <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r9Hpk2nWZQdeQEdDSwVMqUQ" class="cyc_term">DoctoralLevel</a>). GraduateLevel graduate level The collection of instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a> who have completed at least one year of graduate classes at a college or university. CollegeFreshmanLevel college freshman level college freshman level MastersLevel masters level The collection of instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a> who have completeted their master's degree at some university. The collection of all specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>, that is, of all collections of (first-order) collections, and an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHUFI8h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">ThirdOrderCollection</a>. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> are collections of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>s. Any instance of any instance of any instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Individual</a>. SecondOrderCollection second-order Cyc collection PersonTypeByEducationLevel type of person classified by education level DisjointCollectionType A collection of collections of collections and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA4pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SiblingDisjointCollectionType</a> (q.v.). A disjoint collection type is such that its instances are collections that are all disjoint from one another. That is, each instance <code><b>DISCOLTYPE</b></code> of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWPoRpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DisjointCollectionType</a> is a collection whose instances are mutually disjoint collections: no two instances of <code><b>DISCOLTYPE</b></code> have any instances in common. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWPoRpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DisjointCollectionType</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjK65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologicalSpecies</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwKJAl5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SportsTeamTypeBySport</a>. disjoint classification scheme A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rAmoSCGJbQdiSXZJvYiNhkQ" class="cyc_term">CycVocabularyTopic</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rtGXkHpNaEdqAAAACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">KBDependentCollection</a>. Education-Social-Topic education-social-topic Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString NonAbducibleCollection The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4roVp5xVzKEdiLrQAH6RYvVA" class="cyc_term">NonAbducibleCollection</a> is a sub-collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjl_ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SetOrCollection</a>. Abductive inferences sometimes involve hypothesizing the existence of entities as part of the explanation of some assertion or set of assertions. Cyc will not hypothesize the existence of instances of the collections that are instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4roVp5xVzKEdiLrQAH6RYvVA" class="cyc_term">NonAbducibleCollection</a>. Roughly, abductive inferences consume conceptual / theoretical knowledge rather than produce it. So, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4roVp5xVzKEdiLrQAH6RYvVA" class="cyc_term">NonAbducibleCollection</a> because Cyc should be employing existing theoretical knowledge about instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> rather than hypothesizing new instances. non abducible collection personal attribute PersonTypeByPersonalAttribute A collection of collections. Each instance of this collection is a collection of persons with a particular personal attribute such as having a particular gender or being bilingual. A collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvtppU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CollectionType</a>s. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvprlOZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FacetingCollectionType</a> is a collection-type that &quot;facets&quot; -- i.e. stands in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvjldVJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">facets_Generic</a> (q.v.) relation to -- another collection. Examples include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVibOJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AutomobileTypeByBrand</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rANFO8Ec-EdaEKABQ2sS97g" class="cyc_term">MusicTypeByGenre</a>, which facet <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVwZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Automobile</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjOJpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Music</a>, respectively. faceting collection type FacetingCollectionType A collection of collections. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rkBjx4Dg4EdaAAACgye4oEQ" class="cyc_term">CollectionWithAnEventLikeOrder</a> is a collection whose instances are conventionally regarded as being ordered by some relation <code><b>RELN</b></code>, where <code><b>RELN</b></code> orders the members of <code><b>COL</b></code> in the manner in which events are ordered in linear time. <p/> More precisely, a collection is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rkBjx4Dg4EdaAAACgye4oEQ" class="cyc_term">CollectionWithAnEventLikeOrder</a> just in case its instances are conventially regarded as being ordered by a relation <code><b>RELN</b></code> such that the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvztTgpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MathematicalOrdering</a> whose <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvlGiF5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">baseSet</a> is <code><b>COL</b></code>, and whose <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwEFqoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">orderingRelation</a> is <code><b>RELN</b></code>, is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHgPKvG6XQdeNVbS28NXHtw" class="cyc_term">EventLikeOrdering</a> (q.v.). <p/> For example, the instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Distance</a> are conventionally regarded as being ordered by the relation <i><b>greater than</b></i>, and this ordering is event-like. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Distance</a> is a collection with an event-like order. collection with an event-like order CollectionWithAnEventLikeOrder FacetInstanceCollection facet collection A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvtppU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CollectionType</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv1fLiZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FacetInstanceCollection</a> is a collection that is an instance of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvprlOZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FacetingCollectionType</a> (q.v.). For example, the facet-instance-collection (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rBVDJsPLMQdiZD5jLVkyKUw" class="cyc_term">WineOfVintageFn</a> (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjympwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">YearFn</a> 1926)) is an instance of the faceting-collection-type <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rWdpZhPLLQdiKEtsuZMndzQ" class="cyc_term">WineTypeByVintage</a>. PersonTypeByEducationLevel type of person classified by education level social status collection type SocialStatusCollectionType This is a collection of collections. Each <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r3se9CqwRQdeerO-u48cI_g" class="cyc_term">SocialStatusCollectionType</a> is itself a coherent collection of collections that pertain to human behavior. This definition is very broad, and embraces attributes of behavior (personal and social) one might read about in a sociology, psychology, cultural anthropology, economics, political science, or social philosophy course -- in short, in the (human) `behavioral' sciences.