]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. Constitution A sub-collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvV1TLJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Law</a>. Each instance is a law determining the fundamental political principles of a government. fundamental law http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_%28political%29 constitutions constitution fundamental laws organic law organic laws USConstitution The constitution of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVikKpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">UnitedStatesOfAmerica</a>. the U.S. Constitution ArticlesOfConfederation The first constitution of the original 13 United States, adopted in 1781 and replaced in 1789 by the Constitution of the United States. the Articles of Confederation Constitution A sub-collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvV1TLJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Law</a>. Each instance is a law determining the fundamental political principles of a government. fundamental law Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString type of temporally stuff-like thing A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVir35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StuffType</a> (q.v.) whose instances are all and only those collections that are temporally stuff-like. A collection <code>COL</code> is temporally stuff-like just in case every purely temporal part (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a>) of an instance of <code>COL</code> is itself an instance of <code>COL</code>, unless it is a temporal part of a temporal granule of <code>COL</code> (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">granuleOfTemporalStuff</a>). More precisely, for a collection <code>COL</code> to be an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a> it is both a necessary and sufficient condition that for any <code>OBJ1</code> and <code>OBJ2</code> (with <code>OBJ2</code> at or above <code>COL</code>'s temporal granularity level), if <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> OBJ1 COL)</code> and <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a> OBJ1 OBJ2)</code>, then <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> OBJ2 COL)</code>. Consider <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a>. Take an arbitrary instance <code>WALK</code> of this collection (say Miss America 2000's victory walk down the runway and back); and then take an arbitrary time-slice <code>SUBWALK</code> of <code>WALK</code> that subsumes at least one instance of (the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">granuleOfTemporalStuff</a> for <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a>) <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViYBpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TakingAStep</a> (say her trip back from the end of the runway). <code>SUBWALK</code> is itself an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a>. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a>. See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViq35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a> for the disjoint notion of being temporally object-like. TemporalStuffType Constitution A sub-collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvV1TLJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Law</a>. Each instance is a law determining the fundamental political principles of a government. fundamental law Constitution A sub-collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvV1TLJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Law</a>. Each instance is a law determining the fundamental political principles of a government. fundamental law Agreement A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r5bIxEILrQdmRDo8nIKJuMw" class="cyc_term">Policy</a> (q.v.). Each instance of this collection involves two or more parties who agree that certain propositions (which are the contents of a corresponding <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA1ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Microtheory</a> -- see the shared note #$AgreementNote) should be true. Making the propositions true may require some action or commitment of resources on the part of one or more of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjcJZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">agreeingAgents</a>. Thus, instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVivo5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agreement</a> will usually involve some instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi_0JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Obligation</a>. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVivo5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agreement</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi_0JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Obligation</a> differ, however, in that an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjWx5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">obligatedAgents</a> is responsible for the truth of all of the propositions over which the obligation holds. In an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVivo5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agreement</a> some agents may not be so responsible. For example, in a loan agreement, the borrower agrees to give the lender back the money, but the borrower is the only <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjWx5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">obligatedAgents</a> for the repayment. Note that <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjWx5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">obligatedAgents</a> need not be among the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjcJZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">agreeingAgents</a> in the agreement that involves or generates the obligation. Moreover, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjcJZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">agreeingAgents</a> aren't always <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjWx5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">obligatedAgents</a>; e.g., Wanda and Paul may agree that Paul alone is obligated to do some task. Notable specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVivo5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agreement</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVidppwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PeaceAccord</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViwXpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LegalAgreement</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVie8pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InformalAgreement</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvV_9d5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BusinessPartnershipAgreement</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjWt5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WorkAgreement</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVieb5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MaintenanceAgreement</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPvL1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Reservation</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVieKpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Appointment</a>. For assertions about what is "supposed to be" true, given some <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVivo5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agreement</a>, see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi4nZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ist_Agreement</a>. agreement law A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvV1TLJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Law</a> is a miniature <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVihYJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GovernmentCOC</a> that expresses a legal requirement or restriction. For instance, one <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvV1TLJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Law</a> might say, effectively, that bigamy is illegal. A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvV1TLJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Law</a> is declared to be part of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXHupwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LegalCode</a> by using <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvZMY1ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">subWorks</a>. Note that one <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvV1TLJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Law</a> can be part of more than one <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXHupwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LegalCode</a>. Law Constitution A sub-collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvV1TLJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Law</a>. Each instance is a law determining the fundamental political principles of a government. fundamental law Constitution A sub-collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvV1TLJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Law</a>. Each instance is a law determining the fundamental political principles of a government. fundamental law