]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. public sector employee type by position A collection of collections. Each instance is a spec of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjn95wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PublicSectorEmployee</a> whose instances are all of the same position. PublicSectorEmployeeTypeByPosition Head of a political division of a country, generalization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQry_pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">USStateGovernor</a>. StateGovernor governor health inspector HealthInspector The collection of all health inspectors. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv1gDjpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Inspector_Professional</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjviZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GovernmentEmployee</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVik0pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HealthProfessional</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjnB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HealthInspector</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rmKoMstTwQdeCuqoWF307rA" class="cyc_term">HealthProfessionalTypeBySpecialty</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHwASUNmKQdeFGZ7O1Xwcsg" class="cyc_term">PublicSectorEmployeeTypeByPosition</a>. The collection of all 'official' members of an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwOn39pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GovernmentIntelligenceOrganization</a>: i.e., <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rXLlYRjYBEdaAAACQJ5pZBw" class="cyc_term">IntelligenceAgent</a>s who are also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQryspwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PublicOfficial</a>s in the government of which their <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwOn39pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GovernmentIntelligenceOrganization</a> is a part. intelligence official IntelligenceOfficial justice of the peace JusticeOfThePeace A collection of persons. Each element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkCHpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">JusticeOfThePeace</a> is a magistrate authorized to perform marriages, decide minor cases, commit persons to trial in a higher court, etc. interior minister MinisterOfInterior MinisterOfIntelligence minister of intelligence The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv-GMiJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Minister_Governmental</a>s who head the branch of a regional government responsible for its intelligence activities, including both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPx5tZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IntelligenceGathering</a> and analysis. Finance minister MinisterOfFinance Defense minister MinisterOfDefense The collection of all Defense ministers. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv-GMiJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Minister_Governmental</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvdsz7ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MinisterOfDefense</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rxDdN4tViQdaJnP-xpGantQ" class="cyc_term">AppointedOffice</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHwASUNmKQdeFGZ7O1Xwcsg" class="cyc_term">PublicSectorEmployeeTypeByPosition</a>. The collection of all ministers of agriculture. A type of citizen and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv-GMiJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Minister_Governmental</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r5rTVwFB1QdmVJ4qRY3H0KQ" class="cyc_term">MinisterOfAgriculture</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rxDdN4tViQdaJnP-xpGantQ" class="cyc_term">AppointedOffice</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHwASUNmKQdeFGZ7O1Xwcsg" class="cyc_term">PublicSectorEmployeeTypeByPosition</a>. minister of agriculture MinisterOfAgriculture SheriffsDeputy sheriff's deputy The collection of all sheriff's deputies. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rdX9aQrrMEdaAAAACs6Mw3A" class="cyc_term">LocalLawEnforcementOfficer</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rf81qmLrMEdaAAAACs6Mw3A" class="cyc_term">SheriffsDeputy</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHwASUNmKQdeFGZ7O1Xwcsg" class="cyc_term">PublicSectorEmployeeTypeByPosition</a>. Superintendent-Police A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjgBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LawEnforcementOfficer</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r42_KFhrIQdiRQfhXDZ7-QQ" class="cyc_term">Supervisor</a>. Each instance of this collection is a person charged with oversight of part of a law enforcement organization. police superintendent A collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQryspwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PublicOfficial</a>s that are head of the department(s) responsible for the energy production/distribution in a country. By (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVighZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">positionOfPersonInOrganization</a> PERSON (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQrvPZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GovernmentFn</a> COUNTRY) <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv5IE1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MinisterOfEnergy</a>) we say that PERSON has this position in COUNTRY. There may be more than one <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv5IE1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MinisterOfEnergy</a> for a country at any one time, if the government structure is divides the responsibility among several officials, e.g. the minister of oil, the minister of nuclear energy, etc.. Also, a minister may have more responsibilities including 'energy', e.g. 'minister of infrastructure'. Finally, note that the title for the official in this capacity need not be 'minister', e.g. secretary, chancelor, etc.. MinisterOfEnergy secretary of Energy police officer LawEnforcementOfficer An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVii2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByOccupation</a>, and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjnN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonWithOccupation</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjgBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LawEnforcementOfficer</a> is a person whose job is to detect and stop people engaged in illegal activities. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjgBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LawEnforcementOfficer</a> includes members of local, state, and special police (e.g., transit police) forces, as well as federal agents (e.g., members of border patrols, national security agents). Consequently, a given instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjgBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LawEnforcementOfficer</a> typically also belongs to one of the following collections: <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVivPZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StateEmployee</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkCO5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LocalGovernmentEmployee</a>, or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv-LcB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NationalGovernmentEmployee</a> (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjn95wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PublicSectorEmployee</a>). U. S. Secretary of Homeland Security USSecretaryOfHomelandSecurity The U.S. federal Secretary of Homeland Security heads the efforts of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Health minister MinisterOfHealth minister of the state MinisterOfState-HeadOfGovernment The head of government of a nation. A judge in a governmental legal system. People who judge competitions or conflicts are elements of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvV6OwJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">JudicialAgent</a>, but are not elements of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi68pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Judge</a>. Judge judge county sheriff The collection of all county sheriffs. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rdX9aQrrMEdaAAAACs6Mw3A" class="cyc_term">LocalLawEnforcementOfficer</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQryspwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PublicOfficial</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rfDSiZrrMEdaAAAACs6Mw3A" class="cyc_term">CountySheriff</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHwASUNmKQdeFGZ7O1Xwcsg" class="cyc_term">PublicSectorEmployeeTypeByPosition</a>. CountySheriff foreign minister MinisterOfForeignAffairs The collection of upper (cabinet-) level government officials whose job it is to deal with foreign relations. VicePresident-GovernmentOfficial A collection of persons. Each element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwCCh0pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">VicePresident_GovernmentOfficial</a> is a person who holds the title of vice president of some element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViIeZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Country</a>. Often, the vice president of a country is first in the line of succession to the presidency. Examples: Al Gore, Dan Quayle. vice president A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r1PJrHNViQdaf4KqKrwDfPQ" class="cyc_term">ElectedOfficial</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv-GMiJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Minister_Governmental</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkBQ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HeadOfGovernment</a>. Each instance of this collection is a the elected head of a British overseas territory, which is self-governed. Additionally, the title is found in some former UK territories like Australia and India. ChiefMinister-HeadOfGovernment chief minister legislator The collection of all legislators in elective office. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rKnGWWooDEdqAAAACs71DGQ" class="cyc_term">GovernmentLeader</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQryspwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PublicOfficial</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r7b1yNtViQdaRY_7u6rLtcg" class="cyc_term">Legislator</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHwASUNmKQdeFGZ7O1Xwcsg" class="cyc_term">PublicSectorEmployeeTypeByPosition</a>. Legislator MinisterOfEducation minister of education The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv-GMiJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Minister_Governmental</a> who head the branch of a regional government responsible for its <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvV5C_5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EducationalSystem</a>. chief of staff A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQryspwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PublicOfficial</a> (q.v.). Typically, a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHpi_EtRVQdiXEL2A2K2oWA" class="cyc_term">ChiefOfStaff</a> heads the office or personal staff of an important public official. For example, the White House Chief of Staff is the highest-ranking member of the Executive Office of the President of the United States; a Congressional Chief of Staff heads the office of a member of the United States Congress. <p/> Note that a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHpi_EtRVQdiXEL2A2K2oWA" class="cyc_term">ChiefOfStaff</a> in the present sense is not to be confused with a military chief of staff. Cf. <font color="#ff0000">#$chiefOfStaff-Military</font>, and see the specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv550ApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CoordinatingStaffMember_USArmy</a>. ChiefOfStaff state comptroller StateComptroller diplomatic minister A collection of government officials who are entrusted with the management of their country's affairs abroad. Ministers accredited to heads of state have a diplomatic rank below ambassadors and above charges d'affaires Minister-Diplomatic The collection of all prosecutors: i.e., the collection of all lawers employed by the state for the purpose of prosecuting criminal cases within a defined jurisdiction. prosecutor Prosecutor prime minister A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkBQ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HeadOfGovernment</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkBhpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PrimeMinister_HeadOfGovernment</a> is a person who holds the political office of Prime Minister in some instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViIeZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Country</a>. PrimeMinister-HeadOfGovernment Minister-Governmental A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQryspwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PublicOfficial</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3YpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Manager</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv-GMiJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Minister_Governmental</a> is a person who is responsible for managing the activities of some department or sub-organization of a (usually national) government. Notable specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv-GMiJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Minister_Governmental</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkBhpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PrimeMinister_HeadOfGovernment</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv9TovpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Minister_Diplomatic</a>. government minister A collection of collections. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvubaMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ConventionalClassificationType</a> is a collection that corresponds to a category in some agreed-upon or conventional classification system (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwNgIyZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ClassificationSystem</a>) used by people. In such systems, a change or reclassification is possible by a decision of an authority, or by a changed social agreement or custom, without changing the intrinsic natures of the actual objects in the category. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvubaMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ConventionalClassificationType</a>s include categories in biological taxonomy, standard classifications in data dictionaries and thesauri, cultural taboo classes, military doctrinal classes, and named calendar intervals. ConventionalClassificationType conventional classification type The collection of all specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>, that is, of all collections of (first-order) collections, and an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHUFI8h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">ThirdOrderCollection</a>. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> are collections of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>s. Any instance of any instance of any instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Individual</a>. SecondOrderCollection second-order Cyc collection PublicSectorEmployeeTypeByPosition A collection of collections. Each instance is a spec of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjn95wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PublicSectorEmployee</a> whose instances are all of the same position. public sector employee type by position A collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvtppU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CollectionType</a>s. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvprlOZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FacetingCollectionType</a> is a collection-type that &quot;facets&quot; -- i.e. stands in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvjldVJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">facets_Generic</a> (q.v.) relation to -- another collection. Examples include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVibOJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AutomobileTypeByBrand</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rANFO8Ec-EdaEKABQ2sS97g" class="cyc_term">MusicTypeByGenre</a>, which facet <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVwZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Automobile</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjOJpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Music</a>, respectively. faceting collection type FacetingCollectionType PublicSectorEmployeeTypeByPosition A collection of collections. Each instance is a spec of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjn95wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PublicSectorEmployee</a> whose instances are all of the same position. public sector employee type by position type of position A collection of collections. A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQr5OpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByPositionInOrg</a> is a collection representing a type of position in an organization. More precisely, each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQr5OpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByPositionInOrg</a> is the collection of instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a> who typically hold that position within some <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjVT5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Organization</a> or other. For example, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4ryPJOODDbQdic45ams7ynvA" class="cyc_term">Scout</a> is the collection of all persons who are scouts -- e.g. people who lead people through wilderness areas or jungles. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4ryPJOODDbQdic45ams7ynvA" class="cyc_term">Scout</a> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQr5OpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByPositionInOrg</a> because typically a scout performs those duties within the context of their employment with some organization or other. Some other instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQr5OpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByPositionInOrg</a> are <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQrzr5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mayor</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWO8wpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CampaignManager</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjqs5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Director_Movie</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv-ikj5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BaseballShortstop</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjKbJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Secretary</a>. Obviously, which position-types are filled in a given organization partly depends on the type of organization it is; thus cities have mayors while business firms do not. <p/> Note that <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQr5OpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByPositionInOrg</a> is _not_ a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVii2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByOccupation</a> (q.v.); the latter categorizes workers according to the kinds of activities they perform at work rather than the positions organization members hold in their respective organizations. The typical activities of a vice president of a toy manufacturer (e.g.) are likely to be very unlike those of the vice president of a stamp club. An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQr5OpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByPositionInOrg</a> need not be a spec of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjnN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonWithOccupation</a>. <p/> Since every action is taken to be performed as part of one's job in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViLlpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">JobMt</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQr5OpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByPositionInOrg</a> <i>is</i> a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVii2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByOccupation</a> there. PersonTypeByPositionInOrg