]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. Republic republic A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rQBu64G2gEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">GeopoliticalEntityBySystemOfGovernment</a> in which the headOfState is not a Monarch-HeadOfState and is usually a President-HeadOfState. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic republics constitutional republic ConstitutionalRepublic A system of government where the country is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rRh4l5m29EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">Republic</a> with a written constitution. parliamentary republic ParliamentaryRepublic A republican system of government represented by a parliament. Armenia Armenia is a small <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjk55wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IndependentCountry</a> in the southern part of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjqEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ContinentOfAsia</a>. Armenia is north of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj11JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Iran</a>, south of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv22k6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Georgia_TheNation</a>, southwest of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvfLfM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Azerbaijan</a>, and east of eastern <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViERpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Turkey</a>. This constant includes both the physical and political aspects of the nation of Armenia throughout time. Armenia TurkishRepublicOfNorthernCyprus Northern Cyprus The <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvYJw4JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TurkishRepublicOfNorthernCyprus</a> is a protectorate of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViERpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Turkey</a> on the north part of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwTlV0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cyprus_TheIsland</a> in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViERpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Turkey</a> militarily occupies the land and proclaims that it is an independent country. Its population is mostly of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViQIpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EthnicGroupOfTurks</a>. Since the partition of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwTlV0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cyprus_TheIsland</a>, major countries other than <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViERpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Turkey</a> have refused to recognize the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvYJw4JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TurkishRepublicOfNorthernCyprus</a> diplomatically. The Independent Republic of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwD70KJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Somaliland</a> is a de facto independent country in the northwest part of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViJzpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Somalia</a> (the section which was formerly British Somaliland) on the south coast of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjrW5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GulfOfAden</a>, immediately east of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViGKZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Djibouti</a>. Its population is mostly of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViUHpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EthnicGroupOfSomali</a>s. Since the breakdown of government in Somalia in 1991, major countries have refused to recognize the Independent Republic of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwD70KJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Somaliland</a> diplomatically, although the government has complete governing sovereignty over the territory, as of the year 2000. Somaliland Republic of Somaliland The Netherlands, a small <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjk55wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IndependentCountry</a> in the west of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjddJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ContinentOfEurope</a>. The Kingdom of the Netherlands has some colonial island possessions in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViXy5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CaribbeanSea</a>. This constant includes the nation of Netherlands as it has existed throughout time, including both its physical and its political aspects. Netherlands Holland Iraq Iraq Iraq is a medium-sized <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjk55wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IndependentCountry</a> in the southwest of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjqEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ContinentOfAsia</a>; <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViGWpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Iraq</a> is north of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViGlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SaudiArabia</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViGEJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Kuwait</a>, east of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj7c5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Syria</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViFz5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Jordan_TheNation</a>, south of western <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViERpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Turkey</a>, and southwest of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj11JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Iran</a>. As with all instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjk55wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IndependentCountry</a>, this is Iraq as a country qua political and historical entity (and also qua geographical entity in &quot;dualist&quot; microtheories). The <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViIeZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Country</a> of the Palestinian people [<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvYZfgpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PalestinianPerson</a>]. The territory currently (2001) comprises that of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQrvnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WestBank</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvocNGJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GazaStrip</a> portions of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQrswZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Palestine_Modern</a>. These were occupied by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViP55wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Israel</a> in 1967, having been previously part of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViFz5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Jordan_TheNation</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViTg5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Egypt</a>, respectively. Portions of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQrvnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WestBank</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvocNGJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GazaStrip</a> are locally governed by the <font color="#ff0000">#$PalestineLiberationOrganization</font> by agreement with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViP55wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Israel</a> (since 1997), although <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViP55wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Israel</a> retains ultimate control. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvZGnY5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PalestinianWestBankAndGaza</a>, with the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvsUFYZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PalestinianNationalAuthority</a> as its government, is recognized as an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjk55wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IndependentCountry</a> by some sympathetic governments. PalestinianWestBankAndGaza the West Bank and Gaza The nation of France, a medium-sized <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjk55wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IndependentCountry</a>. As with all instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjk55wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IndependentCountry</a>, this term denotes France as a country qua geographical, qua political, and qua historical entity. Unlike other nations, France directly includes some overseas possessions. France France The sometimes independent <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViIeZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Country</a> called Ireland. IrishRepublic Ireland Estonia: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rAku69DVzEduAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">BalticState</a>, a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rRh4l5m29EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">Republic</a>, and an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rKQD_aJiDQdiWGrVXoG_tGg" class="cyc_term">EasternEuropeanCountry</a>. Estonia Estonia The <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv54NFJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TransdniesterRepublic</a> is an effectively independent country which seceded from <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvgGi05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Moldova</a> between <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvqORQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Ukraine</a> and the rest of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvgGi05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Moldova</a> northeast of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViNX5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DnestrRiver</a>. It achieved de facto independence and sovereignty in 1991 and declared independence in 1995, but (in 2000) <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvgGi05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Moldova</a> does not recognize these claims. Its population is mostly of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvkm3fpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EthnicGroupOfMoldavians</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjCEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EthnicGroupOfRussians</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjPA5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EthnicGroupOfUkrainians</a>. Major countries and the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkMNpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">UnitedNationsOrganization</a> have refused to recognize the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv54NFJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TransdniesterRepublic</a> diplomatically. Transdniester Republic TransdniesterRepublic Republic of the Congo: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r_GQSom24EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">PeoplesRepublic</a>, an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rQXRcnuoYQdeERLuWRKMEFw" class="cyc_term">AfricanCountry</a>, and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rRh4l5m29EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">Republic</a>. Republic of the Congo Congo-Brazzaville Chad Chad The country of Chad, as it has existed throughout time, in various political and Republic republic A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rQBu64G2gEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">GeopoliticalEntityBySystemOfGovernment</a> in which the headOfState is not a Monarch-HeadOfState and is usually a President-HeadOfState. Republic republic A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rQBu64G2gEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">GeopoliticalEntityBySystemOfGovernment</a> in which the headOfState is not a Monarch-HeadOfState and is usually a President-HeadOfState. GeopoliticalEntityBySystemOfGovernment form of government A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvprlOZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FacetingCollectionType</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rQBu64G2gEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">GeopoliticalEntityBySystemOfGovernment</a> is a collection of instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjl2pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeopoliticalEntity</a> with the same (type of) system of government. Examples include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rc17uPG2kEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">ConstitutionalRepublic</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r9q9Azm2vEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">Monarchy</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r9LVeTm2uEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">MilitaryDictatorship</a>. Republic republic A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rQBu64G2gEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">GeopoliticalEntityBySystemOfGovernment</a> in which the headOfState is not a Monarch-HeadOfState and is usually a President-HeadOfState. GovernmentRelatedEntity This is a very general collection of things that are, in some sense, "government related". Positive examples include actual governments, government agencies, government contractors, etc. Negative examples include Bob whose brother works for the government and anything that is not, in some sense, an agent. government related entity Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjVT5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Organization</a> and of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVinsZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LegalAgent</a> and of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwTccApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalAgent</a>; instances of this collection control <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViACZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalRegion</a>s. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjl2pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeopoliticalEntity</a> includes a governing body, but is more than just that governing body. <p/> Important subcollections include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViIeZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Country</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjk55wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IndependentCountry</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjnqJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">State_Geopolitical</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjnZ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">City</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjM45wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Province</a>. Instances include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjkEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CityOfTokyoJapan</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP3jsZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BronxNY_Borough</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViMJZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Alaska_State</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViJR5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Rwanda</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjunpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Singapore</a>, <font color="#ff0000">#$InnerMongolia</font>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv2K8eJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Somerset_CountyEngland</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVigv5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Taiwan_RepublicOfChina</a>. <p/> A central feature of this collection is that geopolitical-entities (indeed, all <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwTccApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalAgent</a>s) are viewed in two significantly different ways with respect to two different types of geography-related microtheories. In a &quot;physical&quot; geography microtheory (i.e. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvydXJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PhysicalGeographyMt</a> and its submicrotheories), geopolitical-entities are clearly distinguished from the regions they control. (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvYkdfpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TerritoryFn</a> <b>GEO-POL</b>) is used in these contexts to denote the land mass (a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rviE6a5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeopoliticalRegion</a>) of a given geopolitical-entity <b>GEO-POL</b>. In a &quot;dualist&quot; geography microtheory (i.e. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvnCA15wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DualistGeopoliticalMt</a> and its submicrotheories), on the other hand, geopolitical-entities are viewed as being <i>both</i> agents <i>and</i> land masses (i.e. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViACZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalRegion</a>s). Thus, there is little need for <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvYkdfpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TerritoryFn</a> in the latter sort of context. (Despite their somewhat paradoxical flavor, dualist microtheories arguably allow Cyc to mimic commonsense reasoning about geopolitical entities and regions more closely than do the stricter physicalist microtheories.) There are also some &quot;generic&quot; geography microtheories (e.g. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv6rAIJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WorldGeographyMt</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvr3x_5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">UnitedStatesGeographyMt</a>) which are neutral with respect to the physical and dualist views. <p/> Also see the shared-note for this constant. GeopoliticalEntity political entity Republic republic A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rQBu64G2gEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">GeopoliticalEntityBySystemOfGovernment</a> in which the headOfState is not a Monarch-HeadOfState and is usually a President-HeadOfState.