]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. PolyCompoundChemicalType polycompound chemical type The collection of all instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ChemicalSubstanceType</a> whose instances contain molecules of different instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvUCoPtoTQdaZVdw2OtjsAg" class="cyc_term">ChemicalCompoundTypeByChemicalSpecies</a>. polycompound chemical types poly compound chemical types poly compound chemical type hypochlorite Hypochlorite-Salt A collection of instances of a salt or ester of hypochlorous acid (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPoltZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HypochlorousAcid</a>). <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi9AZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Hormone</a>s which stimulate the gonads. gonadotropin Gonadotropin acetate Acetate Acetate is a substance formed from instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQCaM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AceticAcid</a>; it is a salt or an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQ_uhJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Ester</a>. Alkaloid alkaloid Instances are pieces of organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and usually oxygen, and are often derived from plants. Though poisons, many alkaloids have physiological effects that render them useful as medicines or interesting as narcotics. Some popular and notable alkaloids are curare, altropine, morphine, codeine, cocaine, caffeine, LSD, quinine, serotonin, strychnine, and nicotine. The collection of all macroscopic portions of organic compounds classified as alcohols. Alcohol is one of a class of organic compounds made of molecules having one or more hydroxyl groups [-OH] attached to an alkyl group [made of carbon and hydrogen atoms]. Alcohol-Compound alcohol AnabolicSteroid a powerful chemical compound produced either synthetically or derived from the male hormone testosterone. They help stimulate skeletal muscle development and growth and are also responsible for the development and maintenance of secondary sexual characteristics. They are used by some athletes who claim they improve muscle strength and endurance, a claim disputed by most physicians. anabolic steroid An antidiuretic <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi9AZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Hormone</a> secreted in the hypothalamus which elevates blood pressure. There are 2 forms, differing only in the amino acid at position 8: arginine vasopressin is widespread, while lysine vasopressin is found in pigs. Sometimes used in the treatment of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwHUafpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DiabetesInsipidus</a>. vasopressin Vasopressin Dimethicone dimethicone The collection of all dimethicone. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjZ6ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Oil</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv8FjPpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DrugSubstance</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv9l-6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Dimethicone</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rRn1i8PJ9QdaWb5oTir-gPg" class="cyc_term">PolyCompoundChemicalType</a>. gastrin Any of several polypeptide <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi9AZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Hormone</a>s secreted by the stomach mucosa. It stimulates the secretion of gastric acid. Gastrin Plasticizer A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQ_uhJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Ester</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rceOYkZICEdeELAADR6QijQ" class="cyc_term">Plasticizer</a> is an ester based on alcohols and organic acids. plasticizer RNA The collection of all instances of RNA, the chemical compound composed of individual <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwSlbUpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RNAMolecule</a>s. RNAStuff prion The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvs4V4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Prion</a>s (proteinaceous infective particles). Suggested as the causative agents of several infectious diseases such as scrapie (in sheep), kuru and Creutzfeld Jakob disease in man. Apparently contain no nucleic acid. The 27 kD protein of scrapie is related to a normal cell protein and may possibly cause its over production. Prion freon Substance used in air conditioners for heat transfer. Gaseous at room temperature and pressure but in liquid state in cooling systems. Freon osmium acetylene OsmiumAcetylene Androgen Class of steroids that includes the anabolic steroids. androgenic hormone Vitamin The vitamin itself not necessarily in the form of a pill - could be a constituent of a pill or of food. vitamin The collection of all instances of DNA, the chemical compound composed of individual <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvpIyn5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DNAMolecule</a>s. DNA DNAStuff This is the collection of all instances of latex. Latex is a synthetic rubber-like material that is used to make surgical and Platex gloves as well as clothing. In the latter case, it is generally very shiny. Latex-Stuff latex corticosteroid The collection of all corticosteroids. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjl9JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Steroid</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQr9PZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Corticosteroid</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rRn1i8PJ9QdaWb5oTir-gPg" class="cyc_term">PolyCompoundChemicalType</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQrff5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TherapeuticClassType</a>. Corticosteroid Chlorofluorocarbon CFC A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv7aNXJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OrganicCompound</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rQszp1ip9QdeYd_YRSf1RYg" class="cyc_term">Chlorofluorocarbon</a> is a sample of a compound comprised of carbon, chlorine, and fluorine, such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi1jJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Freon</a>. daptomycin Daptomycin A type of anitbiotic. A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi9AZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Hormone</a> secreted by the parathyroid glands that regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism. parathyroid hormone ParathyroidHormone imipedenem-cilastin Imipedenem-Cilastin A type of anitbiotic. Lipid lipid The collection of all lipids - greasy, non-water-soluble organic compounds found in all living cells. A piece of chlorophyll - a piece of substance made of chlorophyll molecules which exists within a plant. chlorophyll Chlorophyll protein ProteinStuff The collection of things that are made of protein as main constituent, contrast with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv0ARKpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ProteinMolecule</a>. InsulinTheSecretion A protein pancreatic hormone secreted by the islets of Langerhans that is essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates, and is used in the treatment and control of diabetes. insulin The collection of all propanol. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVim-JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Alcohol_Compound</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViTUZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ToxicSubstance</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rPobN9faKEdaaVAACs6hnmQ" class="cyc_term">Propanol</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rRn1i8PJ9QdaWb5oTir-gPg" class="cyc_term">PolyCompoundChemicalType</a>. Propanol propanol hormone A substance formed in some organ of the body and carried by a body fluid to another organ or tissue where it has a specific effect. Hormone cutin A wax-like plant lipid impervious to most liquids and gasses encountered by plants. Cutin Steroid The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi9AZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Hormone</a>s having a characteristic ring structure and formed in the body from cholesterol. It includes both corticosteroid <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi9AZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Hormone</a>s produced by the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvXYiz5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AdrenalGland</a>s and reproductive hormones such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP1Z5pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Testosterone</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP1ZFpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Estrogen</a>. steroid amikacin A type of anitbiotic. Amikacin catecholamine Catecholamine <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv1_6HJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Amine</a>s derived from tyrosine. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvr93TJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Catecholamine</a>s affect the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViT_pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NervousSystem</a>, metabolic rate, and cardiovascular system. a polysaccharide that is the main constituent of the cell walls of plants. cellulose Cellulose A well-known family of drugs used to combat bacteria. penicillin Penicillin The collection of all keratin, a type of fibrous protein that form the structure of horny epidermal tissues such as hair and nails. Keratin contains sulfur. keratin Keratin antioxidant <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvjFAqpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Antioxidant</a>s reduce the risk of free radical health related problems, such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP1qGpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cancer</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwO4UCJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Atherosclerosis</a>, by preventing oxidation which could cause a change in the ways cells differentiate. Antioxidant Ester ester A collection of substances created via reaction between an alcohol and an acid. A collection of chemical compounds containing carbon. organic compound OrganicCompound iron oxide IronOxide inorganic compound InorganicCompound An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ChemicalSubstanceType</a> and a specialization of <font color="#ff0000">#$InorganicStuff</font>. An instance of this collection is composed of a single type of molecule with no <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjIQpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Carbon</a> - <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi6UpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Hydrogen</a> bonds. A class of sex hormones predominating in females, which are used to regulate the periods of fertility. These hormones are also administered to women after menopause to prevent osteoporosis and coronary problems. estrogen Estrogen Sugar A piece of sugar, i.e., a piece of a substance made up of sugar molecules. sugar GasolineFuel gasoline Derived from petroleum, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjxdpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GasolineFuel</a> provides the power to run engines, in particular those which are <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjVQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TransportationDevice</a>s gelatin An animal protein with many uses in food, medicine, and other areas. With flavorings and a high water content, it's a tasty dessert; in a dry form, it can be used to coat or contain medicines. Gelatin A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVim-JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Alcohol_Compound</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r6PPb3h8-QdeS3b3Vwv9IcQ" class="cyc_term">Glycerol</a> is a sample of C3H8O3. Glycerol glycerol Glucocorticoid A class of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi9AZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Hormone</a>s which affect protein and carbohydrate metabolism. glucocorticoid The collection of all IgG. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjM3pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ProteinStuff</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvxfJEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AntibodyIgG</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv3cDeZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AntibodyType</a>, a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rRn1i8PJ9QdaWb5oTir-gPg" class="cyc_term">PolyCompoundChemicalType</a>, and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwG7OxZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PolymerType</a>. IgG AntibodyIgG vaginal antifungal medication The collection of all vaginal antifungal medications. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP1KH5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Antifungal</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLoXrZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">VaginalAntifungal</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rRn1i8PJ9QdaWb5oTir-gPg" class="cyc_term">PolyCompoundChemicalType</a>, a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP1OWpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PharmaceuticalType</a>, and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQrff5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TherapeuticClassType</a>. VaginalAntifungal The collection of all butanol. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVim-JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Alcohol_Compound</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViTUZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ToxicSubstance</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4raniSkkQmQdeVKeGRc32idA" class="cyc_term">Butanol</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rRn1i8PJ9QdaWb5oTir-gPg" class="cyc_term">PolyCompoundChemicalType</a>. Butanol butanol Organic <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj8apwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Nitrogen</a> compounds. amine Amine AntibodyIgA IgA The collection of all IgA antibodies. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjM3pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ProteinStuff</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rveX3cpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AntibodyIgA</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv3cDeZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AntibodyType</a>, a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rRn1i8PJ9QdaWb5oTir-gPg" class="cyc_term">PolyCompoundChemicalType</a>, and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwG7OxZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PolymerType</a>. ReproductiveHormone The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjl9JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Steroid</a>s produced normally by the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP3vyJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Gland</a>s of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVja4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ReproductiveSystem</a> of an animal. However, this collection also includes synthetic forms of these chemical compounds. sex hormone A piece of starch, i.e., a piece of a substance made up of starch molecules. starch Starch The collection of all specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>, that is, of all collections of (first-order) collections, and an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHUFI8h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">ThirdOrderCollection</a>. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> are collections of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>s. Any instance of any instance of any instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Individual</a>. SecondOrderCollection second-order Cyc collection PolyCompoundChemicalType polycompound chemical type The collection of all instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ChemicalSubstanceType</a> whose instances contain molecules of different instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvUCoPtoTQdaZVdw2OtjsAg" class="cyc_term">ChemicalCompoundTypeByChemicalSpecies</a>. Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString chemical substance A collection of collections and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViGSpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TangibleStuffCompositionType</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ChemicalSubstanceType</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj27ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a> whose instances are defined <i>only</i> by their chemical composition -- not by their physical state or any other property. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ChemicalSubstanceType</a> can be of two varieties: <p/> (1) Collections whose instances are completely uniform with each other in terms of chemical composition; this includes (a) the chemical elements -- such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjIQpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Carbon</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjIyJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Oxygen</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi6UpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Hydrogen</a> -- which are instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkIMJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ElementStuffTypeByNumberOfProtons</a> (thus, the latter is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ChemicalSubstanceType</a>), and (b) chemical compounds constituted of more than one substance chemically bonded, e.g., <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjAHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Water</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkLW5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Caffeine</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj8YZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IronOxide</a>, which are instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvUCoPtoTQdaZVdw2OtjsAg" class="cyc_term">ChemicalCompoundTypeByChemicalSpecies</a> <br> (2) Substances which have a general chemical specification, that is, whose instances do not have exactly the same chemical composition but fall within certain specifications, e.g., <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXHLJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DNAStuff</a>. <p/> Note that collections that are <i>not</i> instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ChemicalSubstanceType</a> include collections of substances which have some component which is of overriding significance in some context, so that in everyday language such substances are frequently referred to by the name of their important component (e.g., &quot;penicillin&quot; applied to a tablet containing penicillin), but which have significant admixtures of other substances. Thus, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVivu5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Penicillin</a> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ChemicalSubstanceType</a>, but the collection of tablets containing penicillin and including other ingredients is not. Also, specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjon5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mixture</a>, such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViCw5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Lemonade</a>, are <i>not</i> instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ChemicalSubstanceType</a>, because mixtures are determined by their physical state rather than solely by their chemical composition. ChemicalSubstanceType PolyCompoundChemicalType polycompound chemical type The collection of all instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ChemicalSubstanceType</a> whose instances contain molecules of different instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvUCoPtoTQdaZVdw2OtjsAg" class="cyc_term">ChemicalCompoundTypeByChemicalSpecies</a>.