]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. conceiving ConceivingSomething-BiologicalReproductionEvent A collection of events; a subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjYxZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologicalReproductionEvent</a>. In each <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rU7IAg7HiEdmAhAACs6hRjg" class="cyc_term">ConceivingSomething_BiologicalReproductionEvent</a>, someone becomes pregnant; undergoes conception. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conceived had conceived has conceived conceives will conceive will have conceived have conceived conceived conceive SomeAnimalSuperfetating superfetating A collection of events; a subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rU7IAg7HiEdmAhAACs6hRjg" class="cyc_term">ConceivingSomething_BiologicalReproductionEvent</a>. In each <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rt8e8BLJtEdmAhAACs6hRjg" class="cyc_term">SomeAnimalSuperfetating</a>, some animal conceives when a fetus is already present in the uterus. the immaculate conception The <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rU7IAg7HiEdmAhAACs6hRjg" class="cyc_term">ConceivingSomething_BiologicalReproductionEvent</a> in which <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQBk5pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mary_MotherOfJesus</a> was conceived. Catholic dogma holds that Mary (unlike Jesus) was conceived by conventional biological means, but that <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjqxpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GodOfAbrahamIsaacAndJacob</a> interceded at the time of her conception to keep her free from the stain of original sin, or 'immaculate'. (InstanceWithRelationToFn ConceivingSomething-BiologicalReproductionEvent organismConceived Mary-MotherOfJesus) Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString conceiving ConceivingSomething-BiologicalReproductionEvent A collection of events; a subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjYxZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologicalReproductionEvent</a>. In each <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rU7IAg7HiEdmAhAACs6hRjg" class="cyc_term">ConceivingSomething_BiologicalReproductionEvent</a>, someone becomes pregnant; undergoes conception. <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rZOAVeiYGEdqAAAACs2IMmw" class="cyc_term">broaderTerm</a> TERM1 TERM2)</code> means that <code>TERM2</code> is broader than <code>TERM1</code>, in an extremely general sense of "broader". For example, <code>TERM2</code> is, in the relevant sense, broader than <code>TERM1</code> if any of the following hold: <code>TERM2</code> is a collection that subsumes <code>TERM1</code>; <code>TERM2</code> is a collection that has <code>TERM1</code> as an instance; <code>TERM2</code> is a collection, instances of which have instances of the collection <code>TERM1</code> as parts; <code>TERM2</code> has <code>TERM1</code> as a part; This list of reasons for why <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rZOAVeiYGEdqAAAACs2IMmw" class="cyc_term">broaderTerm</a> TERM1 TERM2)</code> could hold is not exhaustive, but it should give a good indication of how general the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rZOAVeiYGEdqAAAACs2IMmw" class="cyc_term">broaderTerm</a> relation actually is. BT broaderTerm BiologicalReproductionEvent reproduction event A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjED5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologicalProductionEvent</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjYxZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologicalReproductionEvent</a> is an event in which one or more instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVim7ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologicalLivingObject</a> (q.v.) (related to the event by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjZzJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">parentActors</a>) produce at least one new instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVim7ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologicalLivingObject</a> (related to the event by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjZipwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">offspringActors</a>), generally of the same kind as the parents. Notable specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjYxZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologicalReproductionEvent</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViSkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AsexualReproductionEvent</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjpoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SexualReproductionEvent</a>. conceiving ConceivingSomething-BiologicalReproductionEvent A collection of events; a subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjYxZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologicalReproductionEvent</a>. In each <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rU7IAg7HiEdmAhAACs6hRjg" class="cyc_term">ConceivingSomething_BiologicalReproductionEvent</a>, someone becomes pregnant; undergoes conception. SexualReproductionEvent sexual reproduction A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjYxZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologicalReproductionEvent</a>. In each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjpoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SexualReproductionEvent</a>, two <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjZzJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">parentActors</a> produce one or more offspring. Sexual activity which does not result in offspring is not included in this concept. On the other hand, if offspring begin to develop, but never finish (e.g., it just hasn't finished yet, or the mother dies, or the offspring is aborted, or the offspring doesn't survive to independence, etc.), then that is still considered an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjpoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SexualReproductionEvent</a> but an incomplete one. The example of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjpoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SexualReproductionEvent</a> most familiar to most people is when two mammals, one male and one female, mate; sperm from the male combines with one or more eggs inside the female and the resulting offspring develop(s), inside the female parent and dependent upon her for nutrition, until it/they is/are born. However, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjpoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SexualReproductionEvent</a> is more general than that, and would include these examples: Two birds mate; the female lays one or more eggs; both parents incubate the eggs until they hatch. Two fish engage in courtship; the female expells her eggs; the male expells his sperm on top of them, and they swim away leaving many fertilized eggs to develop into juvenile fish. One oak tree's flowers give off airborne pollen; some grains land on the stigma of another tree's flower and fertilize the ovary inside, which then develops into an acorn which is shed by the female parent at the end of summer. conceiving ConceivingSomething-BiologicalReproductionEvent A collection of events; a subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjYxZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologicalReproductionEvent</a>. In each <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rU7IAg7HiEdmAhAACs6hRjg" class="cyc_term">ConceivingSomething_BiologicalReproductionEvent</a>, someone becomes pregnant; undergoes conception. conceiving ConceivingSomething-BiologicalReproductionEvent A collection of events; a subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjYxZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologicalReproductionEvent</a>. In each <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rU7IAg7HiEdmAhAACs6hRjg" class="cyc_term">ConceivingSomething_BiologicalReproductionEvent</a>, someone becomes pregnant; undergoes conception. first-order collection An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvtppU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CollectionType</a>, and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rNooX_CChEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FixedOrderCollection</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a> is the collection of all specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Individual</a> (q.v.) Notable specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViq35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVny6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingStuffType</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a>. FirstOrderCollection