]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. A collection of collections. Instances are collections of geographical areas that may be specifically vested in a the context of a theater of combat operations. Examples include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rsp9-pnS-EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">MilitaryControlMeasure</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r4NSTZnS9EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">NoFireArea</a>, etc. TacticalTerrainType tactical terrain type tactical terrain types tactical terrain type by geometry A collection of collections. Each instance is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rUXpCNHSyEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">TacticalTerrainType</a> that groups tactical terrain features by their geometry, e.g, whether they are point-like, line-like, or area-like. These collections are useful primarily in predicting data type when exchanging information about tactical terrain with external sources such as a GIS. TacticalTerrainTypeByGeometry TerrainTypeByTacticalPotential terrain type by tactical potential approach corridor type ApproachCorridorType A collection of #$CombatTheaterSiteAttributes properly applicable to approach corridors such as instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rmTA3RM8OQdaPU6zKqZeeuw" class="cyc_term">AvenueOfApproach</a>, instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvcZH1JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MobilityCorridor</a>, and so on. The offensive operational area assigned to a unit or commander that is defined by a forward boundary, rear boundary, lateral boundaries, and a coordinating altitude. From FM 101-5-1. ZoneOfFire zone of fire BattlePosition battle position The collection of all dead space. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rH9IBJtiuQdaF17Bfwt6OIg" class="cyc_term">ObservationLimitingTerrain</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rYAIq9vUmQdeSsZvqsnSgjw" class="cyc_term">TacticalArea</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rJKL7ktiuQdaN0czgAKdzUQ" class="cyc_term">ConcealmentProvidingTerrain</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rIvdDttiuQdaDfbD38uyAUQ" class="cyc_term">CoverProvidingTerrain</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rAS8YWg5DQdiAwr34UOS52g" class="cyc_term">DeadSpace</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rUXpCNHSyEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">TacticalTerrainType</a>. dead space DeadSpace attack by fire position AttackByFirePosition The last position occupied by the assault echelon before crossing the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwM26OpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LineOfDeparture</a>. See FMs 7-8, 7-20, 7-30, and 71-123. AttackPositionOccupied occupied attack position The collection of all defensive positions. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r77tX5gWMQdiLQt5l8Hm8PA" class="cyc_term">CombatPosition</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rqhFlOAWLQdiQLJpmefvD_A" class="cyc_term">DefensivePosition</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rUXpCNHSyEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">TacticalTerrainType</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a>. DefensivePosition defensive position fighting position FightingPosition The collection of all fighting positions. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r77tX5gWMQdiLQt5l8Hm8PA" class="cyc_term">CombatPosition</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r6b8L-AWMQdiSYLjr_oEfMw" class="cyc_term">FightingPosition</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rUXpCNHSyEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">TacticalTerrainType</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a>. area of operations An operational area defined by the joint force commander for land and naval forces. Areas of operation do not typically encompass the entire operational area of the joint force commander, but should be large enough for component commanders to accomplish their missions and protect their forces. (Army) - A geographical area, usually defined by lateral, forward, and rear boundaries assigned to a commander, by a higher commander, in which he has responsibility and the authority to conduct military operations. AreaOfOperations BattlePositionPrepared prepared battle position The battle position which units have been ordered to occupy. See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rA8V2zHTAEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">BattlePositionOccupied</a>. beaten zone BeatenZone The area on the ground upon which the cone of fire falls. FieldOfFire field of fire The collection of all fields of fire. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rEluaHvg1QdeOatpgBsbQ3w" class="cyc_term">ConcealmentLimitingTerrain</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rYAIq9vUmQdeSsZvqsnSgjw" class="cyc_term">TacticalArea</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGJOqcPg1QdeP0-4KHRgdzw" class="cyc_term">MobilityLimitingTerrain</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGymbHvg1QdeE7oFXAgN_5Q" class="cyc_term">CoverLimitingTerrain</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rFlloagmKQdiADOGjNYNKDQ" class="cyc_term">FieldOfFire</a> is an #$RKF-SME-TerrainType and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rUXpCNHSyEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">TacticalTerrainType</a>. BattlePositionProposed proposed battle position Attribute of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViACZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalRegion</a> in a military Course of Action context that has been targeted as a potential battle position. An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwK3vpJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MilitaryPost</a> is a physical and engineered location that is intended to serve the purposes of a military unit. Specializations include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvk0p-ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CommandPost</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv-uM-ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObservationPost</a>. A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwK3vpJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MilitaryPost</a> need not be a building or obviously constructed area, but may be a position that has been modified for military suitability by other mean, such as digging and levelling. military post MilitaryPost bridgehead The collection of regions on the enemy's side that is large enough for most of the crossing force and has adequate terrain to permit defense of the crossing sites, provides security of crossing forces from enemy direct fire, and provides a base for continuing the attack. Bridgehead region targeted for mining TargetedForMining Characteristic attribute of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViACZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalRegion</a> such that either a friendly force or a threat force has targeted it for emplacement of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvcfmgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MineField</a>. CoordinatingPoint coordinating point A designated point at which adjacent units/formations must make contact for purposes of control and coordination. (Army) A control measure that indicates a specific location for the coordination of fires and maneuver between adjacent units. They usually are indicated whenever a boundary crosses the forward edge of the battle area (FEBA) and may be indicated when a boundary corsses phase lines (PLs) used to control security forces. (In NATO, physical contact between adjacent units is required.) (See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4ra-OLhnS7EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">ContactPoint</a>.) ExistingObstacle The collection of all existing obstacles. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rMFF-yAlZQdiHRNE2_8geqw" class="cyc_term">ManeuverLimitingTerrain</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJJMaZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Obstacle</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGJOqcPg1QdeP0-4KHRgdzw" class="cyc_term">MobilityLimitingTerrain</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rN9NZjA5KQdiJZ859Zfx80g" class="cyc_term">ExistingObstacle</a> is an #$RKF-SME-TerrainType and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rUXpCNHSyEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">TacticalTerrainType</a>. existing obstacle Characteristic attribute of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViACZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalRegion</a> in a military Course of Action which has been targeted as a potential staging area in which troops may take up attack position. proposed attack position AttackPositionProposed Obstacle obstacle A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4ro3lluGJHQdiVxrZReHS-jQ" class="cyc_term">EnduringThing_Localized</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJJMaZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Obstacle</a> is a tangible object that can, when suitably situated, impede movement from one place to another. Distinguishing attribute of regions that are considered 'friendly' in a COA planning context. FriendlyRegion friendly region ObservationPost observation post An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv-uM-ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObservationPost</a> is a physical and engineered location that is intended to serve the purposes of a military unit, providing that unit with the ability to observe activities within an area of interest. ordered assembly area Attribute of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViACZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalRegion</a> in a military Course of Action at which troops have been ordered to assemble. AssemblyAreaOrdered ControlPoint control point A position along a route of march at which men are stationed to give information and instructions for the regulation of supply or traffic.. blocking position BlockingPosition CombatZone The area in the Course of Action representation that is required by combat forces for the conduct of operations has the attribute <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rt6-fQnS6EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">CombatZone</a>. combat zone containment zone ContainmentZone An operational area in which a hostile force is to be contained in the execution of an instance of #$Contain-MilitaryTask. ForwardArmingAndRefuelingPoint forward arming and refueling point A temporary facility that is organized, equipped, and deployed by an aviation commander, and is normally located in the main battle area closer to the area of operations than the aviation unit's combat service support area. It provides fuel and ammunition necessary for the employment of aviation maneuver units in combat. It permits combat aircraft to rapidly refuel and rearm simultaneously. See FMs 1-111, 7-30, 71-100, 100-15, and 100-103. delay position DelayPosition CulturalObstacle-Military cultural obstacle hostile region HostileRegion Distinguishing attribute of regions that are considered 'hostile' in a COA planning context. GeneralPoint general point Characteristic attribute of a human construction or a terrain feature used as a reference point in a military Course of Action. known hostile activity KnownHostileActivity A region with this attribute in a military planning context is a region where the enemy is known to be active. target reference point An easily recognizable point on the ground (either natural or man-made) used to initiate, distribute, and control fires. TRPs are designated by maneuver leaders from platoon through battalion to define battalion, company, platoon, section, squad, or individual sectors of fire and observation usually within an engagement area. TRPs can also designate the center of an area where the commander plans to distribute or converge the fires of all his weapons rapidly. TRPs are designated using the standard target symbol and numbers issued by maneuver commanders. Once approved by the battalion fire support officer, TRPs can be designated as indirect fire targets using the standard target symbol with letters and numbers issued by the fire support officer. (See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHEFgynS8EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">EngagementArea</a>). See FMs 6-series, 7-7, 7-8, 7-10, 7-20, 7-90, 7-91, 17-12, 17-15, 17-9 and 23-1. TargetReferencePoint The collection of all defilade fighting positions. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rH9IBJtiuQdaF17Bfwt6OIg" class="cyc_term">ObservationLimitingTerrain</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rIQqpsPg1QdeMM6CMBR5_ew" class="cyc_term">DefensivelyAdvantageousTerrain</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r2UVTnvUlQdeIj7TQPBjokg" class="cyc_term">TacticalPoint</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rJKL7ktiuQdaN0czgAKdzUQ" class="cyc_term">ConcealmentProvidingTerrain</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rIvdDttiuQdaDfbD38uyAUQ" class="cyc_term">CoverProvidingTerrain</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwpyvhgmbQdiGvqJGFx5HeA" class="cyc_term">DefiladeFightingPosition</a> is an #$RKF-SME-TerrainType and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rUXpCNHSyEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">TacticalTerrainType</a>. defilade fighting position DefiladeFightingPosition Characteristic attribute of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViACZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalRegion</a> in a military Course of Action where troops have been ordered to take up attack position. AttackPositionOrdered ordered attack position 1. A designated area in a hostile or threatened territory which, when seized and held, ensures the continuous air landing of troops and material and provides maneuver space necessary for projected operations. Normally it is the area seized in the assault phase of an airborne operation. 2. A designated location in an area of operations used as a base for supply and evacuation by air. (Army) - The airhead contains enough <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rve2Gm5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DropZone</a>s (DZs), <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rmX2W2HS-EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">LandingZone</a>s (LZs), and extraction zones (EZs) to ensure mass, interior lines of communication, and defense in depth. See FMs 71-100-2, 90-4, and JP 3-18.1. Airhead airhead A specific area upon which airborne troops, equipment, or supplies are airdropped. See FMs 7-8, 7-20, 7-30, 71-100, and 90-26. drop zone DropZone BattlePositionOccupied 1. A defensive location oriented on the most likely enemy <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rmTA3RM8OQdaPU6zKqZeeuw" class="cyc_term">AvenueOfApproach</a> from which a unit may defend. Such units can be as large as battalion task forces and as small as platoons. A unit assigned a BP is located within the general outline of the BP. A battle position graphic #$ControlMeasure may be used independently or in combination with sectors. Security, combat support, and combat service support forces may operate outside a BP. 2. For attack helicopters, an area designated in which they can maneuver and fire into a designated <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHEFgynS8EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">EngagementArea</a> or engage targets of opportunity. (See also defend.) See FMs 1-112, 7-8, 7-20, 7-30, and 71-123. occupied battle position artillery position area ArtilleryPositionArea region with suspected hostile activity A region with this attribute in a military planning context is a region where the enemy is suspected but not known to be active. SuspectedHostileActivity pickup zone PickupZone A geographic area used to pick up troops or equipment by helicopter. DirectAvenueOfApproach The collection of regions that are direct avenues of approach in a particular context. direct avenue of approach support by fire position SupportByFirePosition assault position AssaultPosition The collection of all assault positions. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rFXEBMPg1QdeUE-rM4nTrKA" class="cyc_term">MobilityFacilitatingTerrain</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r77tX5gWMQdiLQt5l8Hm8PA" class="cyc_term">CombatPosition</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rJKL7ktiuQdaN0czgAKdzUQ" class="cyc_term">ConcealmentProvidingTerrain</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rIvdDttiuQdaDfbD38uyAUQ" class="cyc_term">CoverProvidingTerrain</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rsMaDdgWMQdiUrdyYa40Frw" class="cyc_term">AssaultPosition</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rUXpCNHSyEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">TacticalTerrainType</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a>. reinforcing obstacle ReinforcingObstacle HullDownFightingPosition hull down fighting position planned assembly area AssemblyAreaPlanned Attribute of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViACZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalRegion</a> in a military Course of Action that has been targeted as a potential assembly area. An area along an enemy avenue of approach where the commander intends to contain and destroy an enemy force with the massed fires of all available weapons. The size and shape of the engagement area is determined by the relatively unobstructed intervisibility from the weapon systems in their firing positions and the maximum range of those weapons. Sectors of fire are usually assigned to subordinates to prevent fratricide. See FMs 1-111, 1-112, 7-10, 7-20, 7-30, 17-95, 71-100, 71-123, 100-5, and 100-15. EngagementArea area of engagement Characteristic attribute of terrain that is considered to be 'key' for the execution of a military Course of Action, insofar as controlling it enables the realization of some critical feature of the COA. KeyFeatureArea key feature area LandingZone landing zone Any specified zone used for the landing of aircraft. See FMs 1-111, 7-8, 7-10, 7-20, 7-30, 31-12, 71-100-2, 71-100-3, 90-4, and 90-26. combat outpost The collection of all combat outposts. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r77tX5gWMQdiLQt5l8Hm8PA" class="cyc_term">CombatPosition</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r3bT_8gWMQdiPWJai5Zqp6Q" class="cyc_term">CombatOutpost</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rUXpCNHSyEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">TacticalTerrainType</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a>. CombatOutpost flanking position FlankingPosition The collection of all strongpoints. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rqhFlOAWLQdiQLJpmefvD_A" class="cyc_term">DefensivePosition</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rIQqpsPg1QdeMM6CMBR5_ew" class="cyc_term">DefensivelyAdvantageousTerrain</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r2UVTnvUlQdeIj7TQPBjokg" class="cyc_term">TacticalPoint</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rJKL7ktiuQdaN0czgAKdzUQ" class="cyc_term">ConcealmentProvidingTerrain</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rIvdDttiuQdaDfbD38uyAUQ" class="cyc_term">CoverProvidingTerrain</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rJkCnVtiuQdaMEcwiFxw0rQ" class="cyc_term">ObservationFacilitatingTerrain</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r1CXsfAWLQdiAhMgipwN_Eg" class="cyc_term">Strongpoint_Military</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rUXpCNHSyEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">TacticalTerrainType</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a>. Strongpoint-Military strongpoint ContactPoint contact point In land warfare, the point at which 2 or more units are required to make contact. In air operations the position at which a mission leader makes radio contact with an air control agency. CircuitousAvenueOfApproach A collection that is a specialization of avenues of approach. These are paths leading to an objective that are not direct. circuitous avenue of approach NoFireArea Areas with this attribute in a COA context are areas in which no fires or effects of fires are allowed. Two exceptions are (1) when establishing headquarters approves fires temporarily within the NFA on a mission basis, and (2) when the enemy force within the NFA engages a friendly force, the commander may engage the enemy to defend his force. no fire area RestrictiveFireArea restricted fire area An area in which specific restrictions are imposed and into which fires that exceed those restrictions may not be delivered without prior coordination with the establishing headquarters. FortifiedArea Attribute of combat theatre sites which have been fortified with defensive emplacements to guard against hostile offensive operations. fortified area dominant terrain The collection of all dominant terrain. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rJkCnVtiuQdaMEcwiFxw0rQ" class="cyc_term">ObservationFacilitatingTerrain</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rIQqpsPg1QdeMM6CMBR5_ew" class="cyc_term">DefensivelyAdvantageousTerrain</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r2UVTnvUlQdeIj7TQPBjokg" class="cyc_term">TacticalPoint</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rl_YL9gmbQdiHbIAvrqF2nQ" class="cyc_term">DominantTerrain</a> is an #$RKF-SME-TerrainType, a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a>, and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rUXpCNHSyEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">TacticalTerrainType</a>. DominantTerrain AssailableFlank assailable flank ambush site The collection of all ambush sites. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGJOqcPg1QdeP0-4KHRgdzw" class="cyc_term">MobilityLimitingTerrain</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHev1hvg1QdeMxer6_VS18w" class="cyc_term">OffensivelyAdvantageousTerrain</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r2UVTnvUlQdeIj7TQPBjokg" class="cyc_term">TacticalPoint</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rJKL7ktiuQdaN0czgAKdzUQ" class="cyc_term">ConcealmentProvidingTerrain</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rIvdDttiuQdaDfbD38uyAUQ" class="cyc_term">CoverProvidingTerrain</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rJkCnVtiuQdaMEcwiFxw0rQ" class="cyc_term">ObservationFacilitatingTerrain</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rYIIoMAmbQdiDeJRlGPNhbg" class="cyc_term">AmbushSite</a> is an #$RKF-SME-TerrainType, a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a>, and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rUXpCNHSyEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">TacticalTerrainType</a>. AmbushSite MilitaryControlMeasure Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwS68M5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SpatialThing_Localized</a> which are accorded this attribute in a particular COA development scenario gain the status ofcoordination features which aid in that particular COA development process. Instances are used in order to to assign responsibilities, coordinate fires and maneuver, and control combat operations. Each control measure can be portrayed graphically. In general, all control measures should be easily identifiable on the ground. Examples of control measures include boundaries, objectives, coordinating points, contact point, and direction of attack. From FM 101-5-1. control measure A predetermined point on the surface of the Earth used by military organizations as a means of controlling movement, a registration target for fire adjustment, or reference for location. military checkpoint Checkpoint-Military assembly area AssemblyAreaOccupied 1. An area in which a command is assembled preparatory to further action. 2. In a supply installation, the gross area used for collecting and combining components into complete units, kits, or assemblies. See FMs 7-20, 7-30, and 71-123. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4ru-8ymLHtEdmAAAACs6hO_g" class="cyc_term">ArtifactualFeatureType</a> is the collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r6-wc8BKxEdeIXwCgydofLQ" class="cyc_term">CartographicFeatureType</a>s which are <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkH_ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Artifact</a>s, as opposed to naturally occuring. Positive examples include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjzt5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WaterReservoir</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjzcZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Canal</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rT2uByCTVQdeVZZaE0030Zg" class="cyc_term">Airfield</a>. Negative examples include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjODZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mountain</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjktpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Ocean</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvgD8VZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mesa</a>. Also see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rummjkLHtEdmAAAACs6hO_g" class="cyc_term">NaturalFeatureType</a>, the corresponding collection for naturally occuring feature types. artifactual feature type ArtifactualFeatureType The collection of all specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>, that is, of all collections of (first-order) collections, and an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHUFI8h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">ThirdOrderCollection</a>. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> are collections of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>s. Any instance of any instance of any instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Individual</a>. SecondOrderCollection second-order Cyc collection Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString A collection of collections. Instances are collections of geographical areas that may be specifically vested in a the context of a theater of combat operations. Examples include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rsp9-pnS-EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">MilitaryControlMeasure</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r4NSTZnS9EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">NoFireArea</a>, etc. TacticalTerrainType tactical terrain type A collection of collections. Instances are collections of geographical areas that may be specifically vested in a the context of a theater of combat operations. Examples include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rsp9-pnS-EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">MilitaryControlMeasure</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r4NSTZnS9EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">NoFireArea</a>, etc. TacticalTerrainType tactical terrain type AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType A collection of collections. Each instance <code>COL</code> of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rqEYnNVMqEdaSKAACs0x8nw" class="cyc_term">AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType</a> (ANECT) is a collection satisfying three conditions: (1) <code>COL</code> is disjoint with (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA45wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">disjointWith</a>) <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalThing</a>, (2) every instance <code>INST</code> of <code>COL</code> is an instance of <code>COL</code> essentially (i.e. <code>INST</code> is an instance of <code>COL</code>, and could not exist without being an instance of <code>COL</code>), and (3) condition (2) is a necessary truth about <code>COL</code>. Positive examples of ANECTs include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAzJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Collection</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVieEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Integer</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAzZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Relation</a> (each of which is a collection of atemporals and is such that, necessarily, all of its instances are in it essentially). Negative examples include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjpUZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SpatialThing</a> (though arguably it is necessary that all of its instances are essentially instances of it, it is not disjoint with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalThing</a>) and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP4FM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">UniqueAnatomicalPartType</a> (which, though disjoint with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalThing</a>, has instances, such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjvDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Heart</a>, that could exist even if they weren't instances of it; e.g. it might have been the case that every creature with a heart had at least two hearts). There are no known examples of Cyc-reified collections satisfying conditions (1) and (2) but not (3), but one can be contrived. Suppose that all of today's winning lottery numbers were primes. Now consider the collection: (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvrhK-JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CollectionUnionFn</a> (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjkdpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TheSet</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjrdZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PrimeNumber</a> TodaysWinningLotteryNumbers)) This collection is clearly disjoint with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalThing</a> and, by hypothesis, all of its instances are in it essentially (as each prime number is essentially a prime number). But this last fact is not necessarily true of this collection: the collection might have had instances that belonged to it only contingently (i.e. not essentially), as it might have been the case that one of today's winning lottery numbers was non-prime, and no number is such that it is essentially one of today's winning lottery numbers. When asserting that something is an instance or specialization of a given instance of ANECT, it is appropriate to do so in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r3_SgQU2iEdaCwAACs0x8nw" class="cyc_term">UniversalVocabularyMt</a> (q.v.). Indeed, ANECT was specially defined to facilitate the movement of appropriate assertions to that microtheory. Cf. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGeylLJTfEdqAAAACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">PragmaticallyDecontextualizedCollection</a>. type of atemporal collection in which membership is necessarily essential