]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. The collection of all accordions. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjI6JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MusicalInstrument</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rTxfHRpbLQdeB5fQzdzxaNw" class="cyc_term">Artifact_HumanCreated</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PortableObject</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rbVd-QitNQdiM6YN2E_36IA" class="cyc_term">Accordion</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a>. accordion Accordion accordions http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accordion The collection of all accordions. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjI6JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MusicalInstrument</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rTxfHRpbLQdeB5fQzdzxaNw" class="cyc_term">Artifact_HumanCreated</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PortableObject</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rbVd-QitNQdiM6YN2E_36IA" class="cyc_term">Accordion</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a>. accordion Accordion Artifact-HumanCreated man-made object A collection of individual <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkH_ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Artifact</a>s. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rTxfHRpbLQdeB5fQzdzxaNw" class="cyc_term">Artifact_HumanCreated</a> is a tangible thing made by an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rIcwFloGUQdeMlsOWYLFB2w" class="cyc_term">HomoSapiens</a>, or by a (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP1535wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GroupFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rIcwFloGUQdeMlsOWYLFB2w" class="cyc_term">HomoSapiens</a>). Examples include instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvk3sS5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Clothing_Generic</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVwZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Automobile</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rSfKTAiTbQdeOxqgl1eBn7w" class="cyc_term">DrainageCanal</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rz5hZEtWhQdaZ6uINoMtYmw" class="cyc_term">HydroelectricDam</a>. Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString The collection of all accordions. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjI6JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MusicalInstrument</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rTxfHRpbLQdeB5fQzdzxaNw" class="cyc_term">Artifact_HumanCreated</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PortableObject</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rbVd-QitNQdiM6YN2E_36IA" class="cyc_term">Accordion</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a>. accordion Accordion A collection of collections. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj27ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a> (q.v.). Moreover, each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a> is a collection that is temporally stuff-like (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a>) but physically-spatially object-like (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a>) -- i.e. object-like with respect to some physical-spatial part-whole predicate (e.g. some specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r8a2smPXcQdiEoJhcx65EiQ" class="cyc_term">properPhysicalDecompositions</a>). Consider the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj27ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a>. Further, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a> is temporally stuff-like: any one of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a> of a given copy <code>COPY</code> of (say) "Moby Dick" is still a copy of "Moby Dick". (Most collections of tangible objects are temporally stuff-like in this way.) But <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a> is spatially object-like: if we take a scalpel and slice <code>COPY</code> into ten pieces, each piece is not a copy of "Moby Dick". So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a>. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVir35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StuffType</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVny6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingStuffType</a>. ExistingObjectType type of object The collection of all accordions. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjI6JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MusicalInstrument</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rTxfHRpbLQdeB5fQzdzxaNw" class="cyc_term">Artifact_HumanCreated</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PortableObject</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rbVd-QitNQdiM6YN2E_36IA" class="cyc_term">Accordion</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a>. accordion Accordion portable object A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkGrZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HumanScaleObject</a> (q.v.). Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PortableObject</a> is a tangible object that is not "fastened down" and is light enough for an average human (or, more to the point, for its average intended user) to move easily. For many instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PortableObject</a>, portability is important for the fulfillment of their primary functions; for example, an article of clothing (an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkEoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SomethingToWear</a>), a hand-guided tool (an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVig-pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HandTool</a>), a coin or dollar bill (an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjMQpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Currency</a>), or a flashlight (an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjc1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Flashlight</a>) would be pretty useless if they weren't portable. In other cases, making a device portable, or making a portable version of a device, simply provides a convenience, as with the subcollections <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPvPDJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PortableTelevision</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjYqZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PortableStereoSystem</a>. Note that <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPznZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Tool</a> is not a subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PortableObject</a>, since many tools are heavy and/or stationary. A borderline example of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PortableObject</a> would be a heart/lung machine; although the beneficiary of its primary function is in no position to move it around, the physicians and nurses who also are "using" it can and do exactly that. The same goes for a playpen; the kids in it had better not be able to move it around, but the adults who set it up and put them there can and do move it. A borderline non-example would be a car; even though its user can make it move around, that is more a controlling action than a transporting action -- i.e., the car is doing the transporting in that case, not the driver. A borderline example is a cat; even though it moves under its own power, it is light enough for its owner to pick it up and move it around. A borderline example is a bed or a dresser; though too heavy to lift, its owners can generally move it around (by sliding, disassembling and reassembling, and so on). PortableObject MusicalInstrument A collection of physical devices. An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjI6JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MusicalInstrument</a> is a device that (in the standard case) is designed to be manipulated by a person to generate music -- that is, s/he successively plays the notes of the music by manipulating the instrument during the playing. Possibly the player also supplies by muscle power the force that produces the sound, but possibly it uses another power source (e.g., electricity, or steam). The music may or may not be of his or her own composition, but the player's actions determine that the notes are produced by the instrument (in the standard sense). Note: If the directive role of the human player is subsumed by the device -- as it is, e.g., by some electronic instruments which are programmable and/or pre-programmed to produce music or musical sounds -- the device loses some of its instrument-like quality, and some automated uses may be abnormal cases of `playing' an instrument. An older but analogous example is: player pianos. If the device is pre-programmed so that humans can't direct the music at all, then the device is not a musical instrument (but a musical device) -- for example, music boxes. Also excluded from <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjI6JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MusicalInstrument</a> are devices which produce music `at random' (such as wind chimes). Devices such as radios, tape decks, CD players, which are used to play wholly pre-recorded or otherwise other-controlled music, are also not included in this collection. musical instrument A collection of collections and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a> (q.v.). Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a> is a collection C of spatial things (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjpUZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SpatialThing</a>), where each of the spatial things in C is spatially disjoint with the other spatial things in C. For example, the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Dog</a> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a>, since dogs do not spatially overlap. Even pregnant dogs do not spatially overlap the pups they bear; rather, pregnant dogs contain their unborn pups. Other instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwVGrQ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LatitudeLine</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvW4n1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CompactDisc_Audio</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwR7UWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PlanetaryBody</a>. An important specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a> is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjlE5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointRegionType</a> (a collection of specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViACZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalRegion</a>, such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjnZ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">City</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwT-n15wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TrueContinent</a>). spatially disjoint object type SpatiallyDisjointObjectType The collection of all accordions. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjI6JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MusicalInstrument</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rTxfHRpbLQdeB5fQzdzxaNw" class="cyc_term">Artifact_HumanCreated</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PortableObject</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rbVd-QitNQdiM6YN2E_36IA" class="cyc_term">Accordion</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a>. accordion Accordion