]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. logical argument A sub-collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViHGJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Thinking</a>. Each instance is thinking that is coherent and logical. Reasoning http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reasoning line of reasoning reasoning logical arguments lines of reasoning inductive inference InductiveInferenceProcess A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rhTjBvDClQdiVlpETs88Iqw" class="cyc_term">Reasoning</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rNY5o3pnAEdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">InductiveInferenceProcess</a> is an inference in which a general fact or rule is generated in order to serve as an explanation of a less general fact or set of facts. A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rhTjBvDClQdiVlpETs88Iqw" class="cyc_term">Reasoning</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rBZ7CSpnAEdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">AbductiveInferenceProcess</a> is an inference is which hypotheses are generated as possible explanations of further facts. The hypotheses abduced are typically less certian that the facts to be explained. This distinguishes <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rBZ7CSpnAEdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">AbductiveInferenceProcess</a> from <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4ry9c0mpm9EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">DeductiveInferenceProcess</a> (q.v.), in each instance of which the conclusion produced is at least as certain its premises. abductive inference AbductiveInferenceProcess A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rhTjBvDClQdiVlpETs88Iqw" class="cyc_term">Reasoning</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rZ25soJnAEdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">InferenceToTheBestExplanation</a> is an inference in which one generates hypotheses through abduction or induction (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rBZ7CSpnAEdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">AbductiveInferenceProcess</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rNY5o3pnAEdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">InductiveInferenceProcess</a>), and then applies a selection mechanism to choose the best hypothesis out of the candidates generated. InferenceToTheBestExplanation IBE deductive inference A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rhTjBvDClQdiVlpETs88Iqw" class="cyc_term">Reasoning</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4ry9c0mpm9EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">DeductiveInferenceProcess</a> is an inference in which the conclusion is at least as certain as the premises. DeductiveInferenceProcess Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString logical argument A sub-collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViHGJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Thinking</a>. Each instance is thinking that is coherent and logical. Reasoning logical argument A sub-collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViHGJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Thinking</a>. Each instance is thinking that is coherent and logical. Reasoning logical argument A sub-collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViHGJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Thinking</a>. Each instance is thinking that is coherent and logical. Reasoning logical argument A sub-collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViHGJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Thinking</a>. Each instance is thinking that is coherent and logical. Reasoning logical argument A sub-collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViHGJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Thinking</a>. Each instance is thinking that is coherent and logical. Reasoning thinking Thinking A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv96N1JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IntentionalMentalEvent</a>. Each instance of this collection is a thinking process in which it is essential that an agent uses information about the current state of the world (or some portion of the world). Notable specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViHGJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Thinking</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi7B5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Evaluating</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkMjZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MakingAPlan</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjt_5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Negotiating</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkHc5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InventingSomething</a>. first-order collection An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvtppU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CollectionType</a>, and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rNooX_CChEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FixedOrderCollection</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a> is the collection of all specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Individual</a> (q.v.) Notable specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViq35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVny6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingStuffType</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a>. FirstOrderCollection