]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. drawing An element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv1jl05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Drawing_RandomSelection</a> is an event in which some agent randomly selects an agent from a pool of agents. A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwKLFE5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Lottery</a> is an example. ''Drawing lots`` to see who has to endure the hardship of taking out the garbage tonight is another example. Drawing-RandomSelection drawings http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drawing lottery <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwKLFE5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Lottery</a> is a kind of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv1jl05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Drawing_RandomSelection</a> in which participants buy numbered tickets to enter and those whose ticket numbers are selected as winning numbers win prizes. Lottery A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a> (q.v.) whose instances are all and only those collections that are temporally object-like. A collection <code><b>COL</b></code> is temporally object-like just in case it generally holds that any proper purely temporal parts (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a>) of an instance of <code><b>COL</b></code> is not itself an instance of <code><b>COL</b></code>. More precisely, a collection <code><b>COL</b></code> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViq35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a> just in case it satisfies the following: For any distinct <code><b>OBJ1</b></code> and <code><b>OBJ2</b></code>, if <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> <b>OBJ1</b> <b>COL</b>)</code> and <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a> <b>OBJ1</b> <b>OBJ2</b>)</code>, then <i>not</i> <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> <b>OBJ2</b> <b>COL</b>)</code>. <p/> For example, none of the proper time-slices of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjyV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalendarYear</a> is itself a calendar year. Likewise for <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViYBpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TakingAStep</a>. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjyV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalendarYear</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViYBpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TakingAStep</a> are both instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViq35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a>. Conversely, a proper time-slice of a given <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVisWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Date</a> might itself be a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVisWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Date</a> (e.g. an hour has minutes and seconds as time-slices); so <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVisWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Date</a> is <i>not</i> a temporal-object-type. <p/> See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a> for the disjoint notion of being temporally stuff-like. TemporalObjectType temporal object type drawing An element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv1jl05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Drawing_RandomSelection</a> is an event in which some agent randomly selects an agent from a pool of agents. A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwKLFE5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Lottery</a> is an example. ''Drawing lots`` to see who has to endure the hardship of taking out the garbage tonight is another example. Drawing-RandomSelection The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvZTe2JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GameEvent</a>s that involve either: 1. bets of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjU2JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MonetaryValue</a> [<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjEcJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TenderObject</a>] or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwURC85wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Property</a> that are based on the outcome of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv2cAh5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GameOfChance_Event</a>, such as in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvgDMuJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Gambling</a>, or 2. a spec of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv1jl05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Drawing_RandomSelection</a>, such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwKLFE5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Lottery</a> or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvaBSgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sweepstakes_Event</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv2cAh5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GameOfChance_Event</a> is a playing of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwTeYu5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GameOfChance</a>. GameOfChance-Event game of chance Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rZOAVeiYGEdqAAAACs2IMmw" class="cyc_term">broaderTerm</a> <b>TERM1</b> <b>TERM2</b>)</code> means that <code><b>TERM2</b></code> is <i>broader</i> than <code><b>TERM1</b></code>, in an extremely general sense of &quot;broader&quot;. For example, <code><b>TERM2</b></code> is, in the relevant sense, broader than <code><b>TERM1</b></code> if any of the following hold:<br><br> <code><b>TERM2</b></code> is a collection that subsumes <code><b>TERM1</b></code>; <br> <code><b>TERM2</b></code> is a collection that has <code><b>TERM1</b></code> as an instance; <br> <code><b>TERM2</b></code> is a collection, instances of which have instances of the collection <code><b>TERM1</b></code> as parts; <br> <code><b>TERM2</b></code> has <code><b>TERM1</b></code> as a part; <br><br> This list of reasons for why <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rZOAVeiYGEdqAAAACs2IMmw" class="cyc_term">broaderTerm</a> <b>TERM1</b> <b>TERM2</b>)</code> could hold is not exhaustive, but it should give a good indication of how general the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rZOAVeiYGEdqAAAACs2IMmw" class="cyc_term">broaderTerm</a> relation actually is. BT broaderTerm competition Competition A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvyEmy5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ConflictEvent</a>. An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAGpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Competition</a> is a conflict event that typically involves one or more agents who are each striving to attain a certain goal uniquely or to outdo the other competitors with respect to some game or task. Examples include arm wrestling contests, football games, fighting for prey, competitive courting, racing events, and spelling bees. Note that it is possible for the competitors in a competition to be unaware that a competition has been going on until after it is over (e.g. the first year a &quot;Best Restaurant in Town&quot; award is given out in a particular city). See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3D5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">competingAgents</a>. sweepstakes A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvaBSgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sweepstakes_Event</a> has specs whose <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViQmZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">subEvents</a> include a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv1jl05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Drawing_RandomSelection</a>; however, not all <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViADZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Event</a>s which have a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv1jl05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Drawing_RandomSelection</a> are <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvzXFNpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">specs</a> of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvaBSgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sweepstakes_Event</a>. For example, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwKLFE5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Lottery</a> is not a spec of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvaBSgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sweepstakes_Event</a>, but <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwRAL1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PublishersClearingHouse_SweepstakesEvent</a> is. A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvaBSgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sweepstakes_Event</a> does not require a purchase or a bet. Sweepstakes-Event drawing An element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv1jl05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Drawing_RandomSelection</a> is an event in which some agent randomly selects an agent from a pool of agents. A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwKLFE5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Lottery</a> is an example. ''Drawing lots`` to see who has to endure the hardship of taking out the garbage tonight is another example. Drawing-RandomSelection drawing An element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv1jl05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Drawing_RandomSelection</a> is an event in which some agent randomly selects an agent from a pool of agents. A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwKLFE5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Lottery</a> is an example. ''Drawing lots`` to see who has to endure the hardship of taking out the garbage tonight is another example. Drawing-RandomSelection SelectingBetween selecting from a set of alternatives A collection of events. Each element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwVEc1JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SelectingBetween</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViG3JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SelectingSomething</a> event in which the selection is made from a set of alternatives. The thing that is finally selected is the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQrrTJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">chosenItem</a>.