]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. FieldOfStudy field of study A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvf9sZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AspatialInformationStore</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a> is a particular area of study, with its own distinctive set of theories, hypotheses, and problems. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a> are typically the subject of teaching and/or research within instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViWRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AcademicDepartment</a> (q.v.), although one <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViWRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AcademicDepartment</a> may cover several instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB9LpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtHistory</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViOapwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Physics</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi4wJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtificialIntelligence</a>. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_academic_disciplines fields area subject subject area study studies areas field discipline specialty disciplines specialties subjects fields of study subject areas EthnicStudies ethnic studies These are fields of study rather similar to those in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv6KsE5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AreaStudies</a>, except that it is people grouped by ethnicity rather than by region that are studied. focused technology field FocusedTechnologyField A collection of instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwNS11ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FocusedTechnologyField</a> is a focused area of technology, understood here as applied science. Instances include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj3_JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerAidedDesign</a> and DigitalImaging. Broader fields of study such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVimNZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EngineeringField</a> should not be included in this collection. liberal arts field A collection of microtheories; a subset of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Each element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB8IZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LiberalArtsFieldOfStudy</a> is one of those fields of study affiliated with the liberal arts, which includes fields expected to be known to some degree by all educated people, but excluding most specialized knowledge taught in professional schools. Examples: <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB9KpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">History_FieldOfStudy</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB9LpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtHistory</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViyZ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PhilosophyModern</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjHd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mathematics</a>. LiberalArtsFieldOfStudy AreaStudies This is the collection of fields of study, now offered by most colleges and universities, which deal with the culture, politics, and history of a particular region of the world. Examples include Asian Studies, Latin American Studies, and so on. area studies scientific discipline A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3_JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ScientificFieldOfStudy</a> is a specialized body of knowledge, theory, hypotheses, observations, and problems, which together constitute the informational content of a systematic endeavor to explain (some part of) the natural world by rational (and frequently, quantifiable) methods, including, but not limited to, induction, falsifiable hypotheses tested by repeatable physical experiments, and deductive proof. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3_JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ScientificFieldOfStudy</a> include the traditional hard sciences (e.g., <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViOapwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Physics</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVixcJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Chemistry</a>), the life sciences (e.g., <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVili5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Biology</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViFU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Genetics</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi1ipwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Toxicology</a>), and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjHd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mathematics</a>. ScientificFieldOfStudy AppliedDesignFieldOfStudy applied design A collection of fields of study. Each element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB8KZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AppliedDesignFieldOfStudy</a> is a specialized body of knowledge about the design of useful objects or structures. Examples: <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB8OJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArchitecturalDesign</a>, commercial art studies, industrial design. Medical science: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. medical science Medicine-FieldOfStudy (FieldAppliedToFn NumberTheory AlgebraicNumber) algebraic number theory (FieldAppliedToFn Genetics Mouse-Rodent) Mouse genetics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. mouse genetics mining history Mining history: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FieldAppliedToFn History-FieldOfStudy Mining) Food microbiology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FieldAppliedToFn Microbiology Food) food microbiology LibraryScience This is a field of study in which for which graduate degrees are granted and which is generally taught in schools within universities. The subject matter deals with all aspects of operating libraries. library science Rheumatology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. rheumatology (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Rheumatologist) ___PhilosophyFn__ScotchWhisky__ (PhilosophyFn ScotchWhisky) Obstetrics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. obstetrics (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Obstetrician) Bioethics This is a subfield of normative or substantive ethics which is restricted to issues that arise in the life sciences, particularly in medicine. Some of the main topics are abortion, euthanasia, informed consent, and the distribution of medical treatment. bioethics etymology The subfield of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj2cJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Linguistics</a> that investigates the history, development, and origin of words. Etymology (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Gynecologist) Gynecology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. gynecology Fungal genetics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FieldAppliedToFn Genetics Fungus) fungal genetics The <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a> concerned with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViQupwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Flag</a>s. vexillology Vexillology (FieldAppliedToFn (FieldConcerningFn Islam) Law) Islamic law: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Islamic law bacterial genetics (FieldAppliedToFn Genetics Bacterium) Bacterial genetics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FieldAppliedToFn Genetics Tree-ThePlant) tree genetics Tree genetics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. dialectology Dialectology The subfield of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj2cJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Linguistics</a> that deals with dialects AgriculturalEconomics Agricultural economics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. agricultural economics demography of Asia (FieldAppliedToFn Demography ContinentOfAsia) Aesthetics Aesthetics The subfield of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv7a4G5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Philosophy</a> concerned with the nature of aesthetic judgment. Endocrinology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. endocrinology (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Endocrinologist) The subfield of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv7a4G5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Philosophy</a> that is concerned with the philosophical character of logical systems. PhilosophyOfLogic philosophy of logic Etiology Etiology (FieldAppliedToFn Psychology SportsAction) sports action psychology (FieldAppliedToFn Psychology HumanChild) Child psychology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. child psychology Geriatric medicine: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FocalFieldOfStudyFn GeriatricDoctor) geriatric medicine (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Surgeon) surgery Human anatomy: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. human anatomy (FieldAppliedToFn Anatomy-FieldOfStudy HumanBody) Epidemiology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. epidemiology (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Epidemiologist) epigraphy Epigraphy: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Epigraphy Comparative politics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. ComparativePolitics comparative politics (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Periodontist) Periodontics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. periodontics (FieldAppliedToFn Demography ContinentOfNorthAmerica) demography of North America Canadian resident genealogy (FieldAppliedToFn Genealogy (ResidentFn Canada)) microeconomics Microeconomics Microeconomics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FieldAppliedToFn Genetics Insect) insect genetics Insect genetics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FieldConcerningFn Religion) field concerning religion Philosophy The queen of the sciences. philosophy urology Urology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Urologist) Philosophy-Ancient The ancient study of philosophy done in the Mediterranean basin. ancient philosophy (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Oncologist) Oncology Oncology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. lexicography Lexicography The subfield of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj2cJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Linguistics</a> that deals with the writing and compiling of dictionaries InternationalAffairs A field of study. People who study <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv9gnjGsxQdmPcNuNOBV0VQ" class="cyc_term">InternationalAffairs</a> study the relationships between international agents (e.g countries and advisory bodies like the U.N.). An important subfield of this is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvo9rapwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InternationalEconomics</a>. An example of an organization that teaches this field of study is The Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs: John F. Kennedy School of Government Harvard University. International Affairs dentistry Dentistry: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Dentistry history of chemistry (FieldAppliedToFn History-FieldOfStudy Chemistry) parapsychology Parapsychology <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwHAURpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Parapsychology</a> is the study of paranormal mental phenomena such as clairvoyance and telekinesis. It may be carried out in a scientific manner, in which case it could be considered a subfield of psychology. Most writing on the subject is not scientific. media semiotics Media semiotics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. MediaSemiotics immunopathology (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Immunopathologist) Immunopathology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Physics history: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FieldAppliedToFn History-FieldOfStudy Physics) physics history Neuro radiology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. neuro radiology (FocalFieldOfStudyFn NeuroRadiologist) The <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a> of psychology. Psychology psychology (FieldAppliedToFn StructuralEngineering ControllingSomething) controlling event structural engineering Pediatric medicine: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FocalFieldOfStudyFn PediatricMedicineSpecialist) pediatric medicine Education psychology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. education psychology (FieldAppliedToFn Psychology Education) Superluminal physics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. superluminal physics SuperluminalPhysics (FieldAppliedToFn Biology CoralPolyp) biology of coral SemioticsOfAdvertising semiotics of advertising Semiotics of advertising: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. environmental planning (FieldAppliedToFn Ecology Plan-ExpectedSituationType) Aeronautics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. aeronautics Aeronautics (FieldAppliedToFn ArtificialIntelligence Teaching) artificial intelligence for education This is a study which includes various scientific fields of study in their application to the problem of how to increase human life expectancy and quality of life in old age. It also includes fields of study which are probably not appropriately characterized as scientific. Largely due to the latter, this is not simply a subfield of medicine. life extension LifeExtension-FieldOfStudy SocialWork social work Social work: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. soil microbiology Soil microbiology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FieldAppliedToFn Microbiology Ground) This is typically described as the study of as-yet-unverified animals. It is somewhat unclear in what sense as-yet-unverified animals can be studied. Perhaps this field is more charitably characterized as research into whether various animals reported anecdotally or in myth and legend actually exist. cryptozoology Cryptozoology critical care medicine (FocalFieldOfStudyFn CriticalCareMedicineSpecialist) Critical care medicine: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. laryngology Laryngology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Laryngologist) persuading psychology (FieldAppliedToFn Psychology PersuadingToAct) (FieldAppliedToFn Psychology Creativity) creativity psychology Organic physics: organic physics (FieldAppliedToFn Physics OrganicMaterial) Education-related field: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. education-related field (FieldConcerningFn Education) mineralogy The study of minerals. Mineralogy (FieldAppliedToFn Economics SportsCompetition) sports competition economics EpistemicLogic The subfield of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvhsFz5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Logic</a> that is concerned with representing arguments involving statements about knowing and believing. epistemic logic BusinessAdministration business administration Business administration: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. nuclear medicine Nuclear medicine: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FocalFieldOfStudyFn NuclearMedicineSpecialist) (FieldAppliedToFn ArtificialIntelligence (ResearchInFn Meteorology)) artificial intelligence for meteorology Aviation aviation The study of the design, development, production, operation, and use of aircraft, esp. heavier than air aircraft. clinical pharmacology (FocalFieldOfStudyFn ClinicalPharmacologist) Clinical pharmacology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. morphology The subfield of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj2cJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Linguistics</a> dealing with minimal units of meaning in language Morphology (FieldAppliedToFn Genetics ArabidopsisThaliana) arabidopsis thaliana genetics (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Pathologist) pathology (PhilosophyFn Physics) philosophy of physics pharmacology chemical engineering (FieldAppliedToFn ChemicalEngineering Pharmacology) sabermetrics Sabermetrics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Sabermetrics-FieldOfStudy (FieldAppliedToFn Archaeology ClassicalMayanCivilization) The classical Mayan civilization archeology advertising history Advertising history: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FieldAppliedToFn History-FieldOfStudy Advertising) symbolic systems SymbolicSystems The <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a> of Symbolic Systems. Those who study Symbolic Systems typically study a combination of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViowJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerScience</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvZLWaJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Psychology</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv7a4G5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Philosophy</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj2cJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Linguistics</a>. They may concentrate in areas such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi4wJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtificialIntelligence</a> or Human-Computer Interaction. genealogy Genealogy is the study of family descent. Genealogy medical microbiology (FieldAppliedToFn Microbiology Medicine-FieldOfStudy) Medical microbiology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Emergency sports medicine: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FocalFieldOfStudyFn EmergencySportsMedicineSpecialist) emergency sports medicine ElectricalEngineeringField The Field of Electrical Engineering, a subField of Engineering electrical engineering (FieldAppliedToFn Electrochemistry MetalPlating) metal plating electrochemistry Metal plating electrochemistry: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. political economics A branch of the social sciences that takes as its principal subject of study the interrelationships between political and economic institutions and processes. That is, political economists are interested in analyzing and explaining the ways in which various sorts of government affect the allocation of scarce resources in society through their laws and policies as well as the ways in which the nature of the economic system and the behavior of people acting on their economic interests affects the form of government and the kinds of laws and policies that get made. PoliticalEconomics Historical linguistics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. historical linguistics HistoricalLinguistics (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Astronomer) astronomy (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Hepatologist) hepatology Hepatology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Pragmatics pragmatics The subfield of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj2cJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Linguistics</a> dealing with non-truth-conditional aspects of meaning. This includes but is not limited to deixis, implicature, and conversational conventions. Logistics A field of study concerned with the flow of material and information between suppliers and consumers, usually for the purpose of creating some product or carrying out some task. Important applications include military logistics and transportation logistics. logistics (FieldAppliedToFn Philosophy GeopoliticalEntityBySystemOfGovernment) political philosophy drosophila genetics (FieldAppliedToFn Genetics Drosophila) Drosophila genetics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. hematology Hematology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Hematologist) Educational organization psychology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. educational organisation psychology (FieldAppliedToFn Psychology EducationalOrganization) Agricultural engineering: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. agricultural engineering AgriculturalEngineering ParaconsistentLogic The subfield of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvhsFz5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Logic</a> which is concerned with drawing inferences from inconsistent bodies of information in a sensible way. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rKZuv0vjrQdeJhOqB3cQKHA" class="cyc_term">ParaconsistentLogic</a> was first developed by Stanislaw Jaskowski of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjKypwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Poland</a> and Newton da Costa of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViPAZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Brazil</a>. paraconsistent logic dicot genetics (FieldAppliedToFn Genetics DicotSubclass) An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Mereotopology combines Mereology (<font color="#ff0000">#$Mereology</font>, q.v.) and Topology (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvbTGhJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Topology_FieldOfStudy</a>, q.v.) to study the topological relations among parts and wholes, and the boundaries that exist among parts of a whole. Mereotopology mereotopology (FieldAppliedToFn StructuralEngineering Bridge) Bridge structural engineering: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. bridge structural engineering jurisprudence Law-FieldOfStudy The <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a> that is concerned with the science and philosophy of law. Psychology history: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. psychology history (FieldAppliedToFn History-FieldOfStudy Psychology) dermatopathology Dermatopathology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FocalFieldOfStudyFn DermatoPathologist) library and information science Library and information science: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. LibraryAndInformationScience Music history: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FieldAppliedToFn History-FieldOfStudy Music) music history ethology Ethology Ethology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. DNA forensic science (FieldAppliedToFn ForensicScience DNAStuff) DNA forensic science: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FocalFieldOfStudyFn ClinicalCytoGeneticist) clinical cytogenetics Clinical cytogenetics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. industrial archeology Industrial archeology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. IndustrialArchaeology Dream psychology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FieldAppliedToFn Psychology Dreaming) dream psychology syntax The subfield of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj2cJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Linguistics</a> dealing with the way words are combined to form phrases and sentences Syntax cytopathology (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Cytopathologist) Cytopathology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. legal medicine (FocalFieldOfStudyFn LegalMedicineSpecialist) Nephrology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Nephrologist) nephrology theology Theology Theology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FieldAppliedToFn Semiotics AudibleSound) semiotics of sound modal logic The subfield of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvhsFz5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Logic</a> that is concerned with representing arguments that involve necessity and possibility. ModalLogic phonology The subfield of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj2cJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Linguistics</a> dealing with the patterning of sound segments in a language Phonology standard logic StandardLogic philosophy of language The subfield of Philosophy that is concerned with the philosophical character of natural language. PhilosophyOfLanguage optometry (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Optometrist) Optometry: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. The modern (post industrial revolution) study of philosophy; usually performed in the context of university philosophy departments. modern philosophy PhilosophyModern (FieldAppliedToFn Semiotics VisualImage) visual semiotics Human genetics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FieldAppliedToFn Genetics Person) human genetics osteopathic medicine (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Doctor-Osteopathic) Osteopathic medicine: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. MilesianSchool The school of philosophy that flourished in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwtZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CityOfMiletus</a> in the 6th century B.C. Milesian school Monocot genetics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FieldAppliedToFn Genetics MonocotSubclass) monocot genetics engineering The Field of Engineering, which embraces many subfields EngineeringField helicopter history (FieldAppliedToFn History-FieldOfStudy Helicopter) Helicopter history: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. clinical genetics Clinical genetics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FocalFieldOfStudyFn ClinicalGeneticist) Emergency medicine: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FocalFieldOfStudyFn EmergencyMedicineSpecialist) emergency medicine bovine genetics (FieldAppliedToFn Genetics Cattle-Domestic) Bovine genetics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Saccharomyces cerevisiae genetics (FieldAppliedToFn Genetics SaccharomycesCerevisiae) (FieldAppliedToFn Demography PlanetEarth) demography of Earth hand-written document psychology (FieldAppliedToFn Psychology HandwrittenDocument) DeonticLogic The subfield of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvhsFz5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Logic</a> that is concerned with representing arguments involving obligation and permission. deontic logic The subfield of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj2cJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Linguistics</a> dealing with social aspects of language use Sociolinguistics sociolinguistics (FocalFieldOfStudyFn ClinicalNeuropsychologist) clinical neuropsychology Clinical neuropsychology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. cryogenic storage Cryogenic storage: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FieldAppliedToFn Cryogenics StorageOfSomething) Occupational therapy: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FocalFieldOfStudyFn OccupationalMedicineSpecialist) occupational therapy InternationalEconomics international economics proctology Proctology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Proctologist) (FieldAppliedToFn History-FieldOfStudy EconomicSystem) Economic system history: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. economic system history (FieldAppliedToFn Demography ContinentOfAfrica) demography of Africa Metaphysics metaphysics The subfield of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv7a4G5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Philosophy</a> concerned with the ultimate nature of existence. Epistemology epistemology The subfield of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv7a4G5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Philosophy</a> concerned with the nature of knowledge. Aeronautics history: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. aeronautics history (FieldAppliedToFn History-FieldOfStudy Aeronautics) Epicurean schooling: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. epicurean schooling EpicureanSchool neurosurgery (FocalFieldOfStudyFn NeuroSurgeon) Neurosurgery: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Islamic studies: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Islamic studies (FieldConcerningFn Islam) Horse genetics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. horse genetics (FieldAppliedToFn Genetics Horse) addiction medicine (FocalFieldOfStudyFn AddictionMedicineSpecialist) Addiction medicine: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Gastroenterologist) Gastroenterology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. gastroenterology (FocalFieldOfStudyFn PsychosomaticMedicineSpecialist) Psychosomatic medicine: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. psychosomatic medicine relevance logic RelevanceLogic The subfield of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rKZuv0vjrQdeJhOqB3cQKHA" class="cyc_term">ParaconsistentLogic</a> which is concerned with capturing the idea that if a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv5ddsJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sentence</a> S1 entails a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv5ddsJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sentence</a> S2, S1 ought to be _relevant_ (in some sense) to S2. (In practice, this usually amounts to the notion that S1 and S2 ought to share at least one non-logical constant.) <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rozLDIPmvQdeSefw55Nx5pA" class="cyc_term">RelevanceLogic</a> was initially developed by Alan Ross Anderson and Nuel Belnap of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVt4R5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">UniversityOfPittsburgh</a>. In <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rre1-AnMgEdaAAAACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">Australasia_Region</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rozLDIPmvQdeSefw55Nx5pA" class="cyc_term">RelevanceLogic</a> is usually known as &quot;relevant logic&quot;. The logic of 'See To It That' or 'STIT', a subfield of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvhsFz5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Logic</a> that is concerned with representing arguments involving agency and the obligation and ability to cause (see to it that) some condition becomes true. STIT logic STITLogic environmental economics EnvironmentalEconomics Environmental economics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Child development: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. DevelopmentalResearch child development logic Logic: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Logic scatology Scatology The biologically oriented study of excrement. Semantics The subfield of linguistics dealing with meaning of language forms semantics military artificial intelligence (FieldAppliedToFn ArtificialIntelligence Military-Action) veterinary medicine The field of study which deals with the treatment of non-human animals and diseases that affect them. VeterinaryMedicine (FocalFieldOfStudyFn GeneralPreventativeMedicalDoctor) general preventative medicine General preventative medicine: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Ontology Field Of Study Ontology-FieldOfStudy colour psychology (FieldAppliedToFn Psychology Color) Color psychology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. the Twentieth Century A.D. history (FieldAppliedToFn History-FieldOfStudy TheTwentiethCenturyCE) Dog genetics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FieldAppliedToFn Genetics Dog) dog genetics (FocalFieldOfStudyFn AnatomicPathologist) anatomic pathology mental health studies A very broad field of study which concerns itself with improving the psychological health of humans broadly construed. Such a broad construal should be interpreted to include social and occupational functioning as it relates to mental health as well. Thus it includes <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj3NJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Psychiatry</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj2s5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CounselingPsychology</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj29JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SocialWork</a> as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi87JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">subFields</a>. It is not so broad so as to include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwMJp25wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Psychology_Behavioral</a>. Although many of the findings of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwMJp25wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Psychology_Behavioral</a> are applicable to areas of concern within <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwNuELpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MentalHealth_FieldOfStudy</a>, the chief aim of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwMJp25wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Psychology_Behavioral</a> is to empirically uncover the 'laws of behavior'. MentalHealth-FieldOfStudy (FieldAppliedToFn FoodScience (FruitFn CerealPlant)) Cereal food science: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. cereal food science history of evolutionary theory (FieldAppliedToFn History-FieldOfStudy Evolution) History of evolutionary theory: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. pouched mammal genetics (FieldAppliedToFn Genetics Marsupial) Palliative medicine: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FocalFieldOfStudyFn PalliativeMedicineSpecialist) palliative medicine military tactics MilitaryTactics-FieldOfStudy A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rb0oU1Gv4QdmRev4-VM3Kmw" class="cyc_term">MilitaryTactics_FieldOfStudy</a> is the branch of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r3I2HZmv3QdmcleCJIICQjQ" class="cyc_term">MilitaryScience</a> that is concerned with detailed maneuvers to achieve objectives set by strategy. (FieldAppliedToFn Statistics EconomicSystem) Economic system statistics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. economic system statistics (FieldAppliedToFn Genetics BeanPlant) bean plant genetics Radiology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. radiology (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Radiologist) (FieldAppliedToFn Genetics Sheep) Sheep genetics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. sheep genetics BiomedicalEngineering biomedical engineering Biomedical engineering: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. VocationalStudies vocational studies An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r82TNygEfQdmam-bgeQAJpg" class="cyc_term">VocationalStudies</a> covers a broad range of areas of study for vocational degees: <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViqypwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Welding</a>, (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVinZ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">VocationalDegreeForFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViWIpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AircraftMechanic</a>), and so forth. Clinical biochemical genetics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. clinical biochemical genetics (FocalFieldOfStudyFn ClinicalBiochemicalGeneticist) creative artificial intelligence (FieldAppliedToFn ArtificialIntelligence Creativity) orthopaedics Orthopaedics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Orthopaedist) structural engineering Structural engineering: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. StructuralEngineering Semiotics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Semiotics semiotics rhinology (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Rhinologist) Rhinology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Pharmacy-FieldOfStudy Pharmacy: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. pharmacy artificial intelligence for medicine (FieldAppliedToFn ArtificialIntelligence (ResearchInFn Medicine-FieldOfStudy)) (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Internist) internal medicine Internal medicine: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FocalFieldOfStudyFn SportsMedicineSpecialist) sports medicine Sports medicine: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. History of the social sciences: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. history of the social sciences (FieldAppliedToFn History-FieldOfStudy SocialScienceType) Macroeconomic theory is the study of an economy's aggregate behavior. Specific topics include the effect of monetary and fiscal policy on output, employment, and price level in both the long and short run; business cycles; the role of different monetary arrangements; determination of the money stock, bank credit, and interest rates; the nature of the interaction between budget and monetary expansion; the relation between inflation, unemployment, and the role of expectations; and the interaction between asset markets and the output market. Macroeconomics macroeconomics sociobiology Sociobiology is a study which attempts to apply biological theories, particularly evolutionary theory, to explain phenomena at the social level. Sociobiology transcendental number theory (FieldAppliedToFn NumberTheory TranscendentalNumber) Transcendental number theory: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FocalFieldOfStudyFn ForensicSpecialist) forensic medicine Forensic medicine: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FieldAppliedToFn Genetics ProkaryoticCell) prokaryote genetics Prokaryote genetics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Dermatology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Dermatologist) dermatology PredicateLogic The subfield of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwFBvQpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StandardLogic</a> that is concerned with arguments involving quantification. predicate logic Egyptology Egyptology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Egyptology LaborEconomics labor economics Labor economics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. E. coli genetics (FieldAppliedToFn Genetics EscherichiaColi) (FieldAppliedToFn Nutrition Geriatrics-Field) Geriatric nutrition: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. geriatric nutrition Medical hypnosis: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FocalFieldOfStudyFn MedicalHypnosisSpecialist) medical hypnosis preventive medicine (FocalFieldOfStudyFn PreventiveMedicineSpecialist) Preventive medicine: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Nursing-FieldOfStudy Nursing: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. nursing chemistry Chemistry: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Chemist) HistoricalArchaeology Historical archeology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. historical archeology alchemy Alchemy <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvap8MpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Alchemy</a> is a quasi-scientific practice originating in the Dark Ages whose objective was to understand the nature of matter. It is best known for its history of attempts to turn various substances into gold. For some, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvap8MpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Alchemy</a> may have amounted to a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi9R5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BeliefSystem</a>. (FieldAppliedToFn Philosophy CognitiveScience) philosophy of cognitive science cognitive science CognitiveScience Cognitive science: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Ethics-PhilosophySubField ethics The branch of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv7a4G5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Philosophy</a> that deals with the study of morals, obligations, and rules. HerbalMedicine <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvnvsIJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HerbalMedicine</a> is a branch of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvkOeKZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AlternativeMedicine</a> that uses natural plant substances to treat illnesses. The practice has existed since prehistoric times and is used today by up to 80% of the world's population as a primary form of medicine. Herbs may be used directly as teas (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwVAaWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InfusionDrink</a>) or extracts, or they may be used in the production of drugs. herbal medicine Otology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. otology (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Otologist) A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a> which is a subfield [<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi87JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">subFields</a>] of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvhsFz5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Logic</a> in which numbers on a scale from 0 to 1 [<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVidU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Real0_1</a>] are used instead of the values &quot;true&quot; and &quot;false&quot;, to represent the truth value statements that do not have a simple yes or no answer. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvzQKAJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FuzzyLogic</a> was developed by Lofti Zadeh of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvxnbx5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">UniversityOfCalifornia_Berkeley</a>. fuzzy logic FuzzyLogic Cosmology relativity theory: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. cosmology relativity theory (FieldAppliedToFn RelativityTheory Cosmology) alternative health AlternativeMedicine <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvkOeKZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AlternativeMedicine</a> is one of the ways of treating and preventing illnesses which involves techniques that are regarded by modern Western medicine as scientifically unproven or unorthodox (cf. Medicine-FieldOfStudy). The term ``alternative medicine'' can encompass a wide range of therapies, including chiropractic, homeopathy, acupuncture, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvnvsIJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HerbalMedicine</a>, meditation, biofeedback, massage therapy, and various new-age therapies such as guided imagery and naturopathy. Orthodontics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. orthodontics (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Orthodontist) The field of study concerned with the calculation, manipulation and interpretation of numerical data. Statistics statistics neurology (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Neurologist) (FocalFieldOfStudyFn PhysicalMedicineSpecialist) physical medicine semiotics of the web (FieldAppliedToFn Semiotics WorldWideWeb-DynamicIndexedInfoSource) The subfield of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj2cJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Linguistics</a> that deals with the relationship between language and the cognitive or behavioral characteristics of those who use it psycholinguistics Psycholinguistics (FieldAppliedToFn Theology ShiiteIslam) Shiite Islam theology Shiite Islam theology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Shiite Islam ethics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FieldAppliedToFn Ethics-PhilosophySubField ShiiteIslam) Shiite Islam ethics The subfield of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwFBvQpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StandardLogic</a> that is concerned with representing propositional arguments. propositional logic PropositionalLogic (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Midwife) midwifery Midwifery: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Cardiologist) Cardiology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. cardiology (FieldAppliedToFn Genetics Zebrafish) zebra fish genetics Nervous system biology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FieldAppliedToFn Biology NervousSystem) nervous system biology Oriental medicine <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvloLkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OrientalMedicine</a> is a branch of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvkOeKZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AlternativeMedicine</a> indigenous to the traditions of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVijQZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">China_PeoplesRepublic</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkCopwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Japan</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvphLrJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">KoreanPeninsula</a>, <font color="#ff0000">#$SouthEastAsia</font>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwRbQbpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Tibet</a>. Many of its healing modalities are based on the philosophy of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjN25wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Taoism</a>, a Chinese philosophy concerned with the passive and active aspects of reality, called 'yin' and 'yang'. The study of the energy pathways in the body, called 'meridians' is central to <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvloLkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OrientalMedicine</a>. OrientalMedicine astrophysics history (FieldAppliedToFn History-FieldOfStudy Astrophysics) Astrophysics history: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. archaeoastronomy <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVzBz5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Archaeoastronomy</a> is the study of ancient astronomical theory and practice. There are both academic/scientific and non-scientific versions of this study. The former is essentially a subfield of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwGGgVJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Archaeology</a>. Archaeoastronomy (FieldAppliedToFn History-FieldOfStudy MensSoccer-CW) Men's Soccer history: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Men's Soccer history (FieldAppliedToFn Demography ContinentOfEurope) demography of Europe (FieldAppliedToFn Chemistry SurfaceRegion-Tangible) Surface science: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. surface science (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Otorhinolaryngologist) otolaryngology Otolaryngology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Anesthesiology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Anesthesiologist) anesthesiology clinical molecular genetics (FocalFieldOfStudyFn ClinicalMolecularGeneticist) Clinical molecular genetics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. The specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvZLWaJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Psychology</a> that focuses on the analysis of behavioral patterns and their reinforcement or decay. Psychology-Behavioral behavioral psychology Environmental microbiology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FieldAppliedToFn Microbiology Ecosystem) environmental microbiology (FocalFieldOfStudyFn SleepMedicineSpecialist) Sleep medicine: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. sleep medicine Philosophy of science: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (PhilosophyFn Science) philosophy of science Counseling psychology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. CounselingPsychology counseling psychology The study of the neurological processes underlying the development and use of language Neurolinguistics neurolinguistics Podiatry: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. podiatry (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Podiatrist) (FieldAppliedToFn Psychology PersonTypeByGender) Gender psychology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. gender psychology Ethnology ethnology Ethnology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. MilitaryScience A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r3I2HZmv3QdmcleCJIICQjQ" class="cyc_term">MilitaryScience</a> is the discipline that is concerned with the principles of warfare (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjfq5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">War</a>). military science the World Wide Web psychology (FieldAppliedToFn Psychology WorldWideWeb-DynamicIndexedInfoSource) (FieldAppliedToFn Parapsychology Cell) cell parapsychology Cell parapsychology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Financial economics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. FinancialEconomics financial economics This is a field which studies the role of astronomical thought in ancient cultures. It is similar to <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVzBz5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Archaeoastronomy</a> but appears to be less scientific and its practioners more methodologically diverse. astroarchaeology Astroarchaeology demography of South America (FieldAppliedToFn Demography ContinentOfSouthAmerica) (FieldConcerningFn NewtonianPhysicsMt) field concerning Newtonian physics (FieldAppliedToFn Genetics Agrobacterium) agrobacterium genetics urban economics UrbanEconomics Urban economics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Parasite genetics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FieldAppliedToFn Genetics ParasiticOrganism) parasite genetics (FieldAppliedToFn Genetics Saccharomyces) saccharomyces genetics Nematode genetics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. nematode genetics (FieldAppliedToFn Genetics Nematode) internal sports medicine (FocalFieldOfStudyFn InternalSportsMedicineSpecialist) Internal sports medicine: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Psychiatry: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. psychiatry Psychiatry cardiovascular medicine Cardiovascular medicine: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FocalFieldOfStudyFn CardiovascularSpecialist) Pain medicine: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FocalFieldOfStudyFn PainMedicineSpecialist) pain medicine Rat genetics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FieldAppliedToFn Genetics Rat) rat genetics phonetics Phonetics The subfield of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj2cJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Linguistics</a> focusing on the production, transmission, and perception of speech sounds ecology of estuaries (FieldAppliedToFn AquaticEcology Estuary) Ecology of estuaries: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Journalism: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. journalism (FieldConcerningFn JournalismSystem) soccer history (FieldAppliedToFn History-FieldOfStudy Soccer) The <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a> concerned with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv-AL2pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HeraldicDevice</a>s. heraldry Heraldry Classics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. classics Classics-FieldOfStudy perinatology Perinatology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Perinatologist) tense logic TenseLogic The subfield of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvhsFz5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Logic</a> that is concerned with representing arguments that involve tensed statements. feminist philosophy The subfield of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv7a4G5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Philosophy</a> that is informed by questions surrounding women's experiences, their position in society, their treatment under the laws of various countries, and related issues. Feminism-PhilosophySubField (FocalFieldOfStudyFn Immunologist) Immunology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. immunology plant biochemistry (FieldAppliedToFn Biochemistry Plant) Plant biochemistry: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. eugenics The study of improving the human race by encouraging the propagation of desirable genetic traits and discouraging the propagation of undesirable ones. Eugenics (FieldConcerningFn Law) law-related field wildlife ecology Wildlife ecology: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. (FieldAppliedToFn Ecology WildAnimal) (FocalFieldOfStudyFn MedicalGeneticist) Medical genetics: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. medical genetics FieldOfStudy A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvf9sZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AspatialInformationStore</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a> is a particular area of study, with its own distinctive set of theories, hypotheses, and problems. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a> are typically the subject of teaching and/or research within instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViWRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AcademicDepartment</a> (q.v.), although one <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViWRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AcademicDepartment</a> may cover several instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB9LpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtHistory</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViOapwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Physics</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi4wJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtificialIntelligence</a>. field of study A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rAmoSCGJbQdiSXZJvYiNhkQ" class="cyc_term">CycVocabularyTopic</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rtGXkHpNaEdqAAAACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">KBDependentCollection</a>. Education-Social-Topic education-social-topic Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString FieldOfStudy A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvf9sZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AspatialInformationStore</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a> is a particular area of study, with its own distinctive set of theories, hypotheses, and problems. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a> are typically the subject of teaching and/or research within instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViWRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AcademicDepartment</a> (q.v.), although one <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViWRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AcademicDepartment</a> may cover several instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB9LpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtHistory</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViOapwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Physics</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi4wJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtificialIntelligence</a>. field of study The collection of all instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r_4bScKNtQdiVw7XtX-HN0Q" class="cyc_term">ClarifyingCollectionType</a> that are used by the <font color="#ff0000">#$KRAKEN</font> application to resolve natural language ambiguities. KE clarifying collection type KEClarifyingCollectionType FieldOfStudy A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvf9sZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AspatialInformationStore</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a> is a particular area of study, with its own distinctive set of theories, hypotheses, and problems. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a> are typically the subject of teaching and/or research within instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViWRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AcademicDepartment</a> (q.v.), although one <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViWRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AcademicDepartment</a> may cover several instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB9LpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtHistory</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViOapwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Physics</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi4wJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtificialIntelligence</a>. field of study FieldOfStudy A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvf9sZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AspatialInformationStore</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a> is a particular area of study, with its own distinctive set of theories, hypotheses, and problems. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a> are typically the subject of teaching and/or research within instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViWRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AcademicDepartment</a> (q.v.), although one <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViWRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AcademicDepartment</a> may cover several instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB9LpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtHistory</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViOapwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Physics</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi4wJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtificialIntelligence</a>. field of study FieldOfStudy A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvf9sZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AspatialInformationStore</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a> is a particular area of study, with its own distinctive set of theories, hypotheses, and problems. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a> are typically the subject of teaching and/or research within instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViWRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AcademicDepartment</a> (q.v.), although one <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViWRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AcademicDepartment</a> may cover several instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB9LpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtHistory</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViOapwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Physics</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi4wJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtificialIntelligence</a>. field of study AspatialInformationStore information A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r6-GNDEkIQdeTPvxS8JnCLA" class="cyc_term">AspatialThing</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjj45wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IntangibleIndividual</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvu__KJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InformationStore</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvf9sZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AspatialInformationStore</a> is the collection of all information stores that have no spatial location. Specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvf9sZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AspatialInformationStore</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwClAZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ConceptualWork</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA1ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Microtheory</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQGTzJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AbstractInformationStructure</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Although no instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvf9sZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AspatialInformationStore</a> has a spatial location, some instances can have multiple spatio-temporal &quot;embodiments&quot;. For example, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAqJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PropositionalInformationThing</a> may be the content of several concrete documents, such as several instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a> (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvtEvQZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">containsInfoPropositional_IBT</a>); and several distinct events, such as spoken utterances, may have a certain unique <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA7JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Proposition</a> as their content (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjCQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">containsInformation</a>). FieldOfStudy A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvf9sZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AspatialInformationStore</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a> is a particular area of study, with its own distinctive set of theories, hypotheses, and problems. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a> are typically the subject of teaching and/or research within instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViWRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AcademicDepartment</a> (q.v.), although one <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViWRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AcademicDepartment</a> may cover several instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB9LpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtHistory</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViOapwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Physics</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi4wJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtificialIntelligence</a>. field of study AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType A collection of collections. Each instance <code><b>COL</b></code> of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rqEYnNVMqEdaSKAACs0x8nw" class="cyc_term">AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType</a> (<i>ANECT</i>) is a collection satisfying three conditions: (1) <code><b>COL</b></code> is disjoint with (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA45wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">disjointWith</a>) <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalThing</a>, (2) every instance <code><b>INST</b></code> of <code><b>COL</b></code> is an instance of <code><b>COL</b></code> essentially (i.e. <code><b>INST</b></code> is an instance of <code><b>COL</b></code>, and could not exist without being an instance of <code><b>COL</b></code>), and (3) condition (2) is a necessary truth about <code><b>COL</b></code>. <p/> Positive examples of ANECTs include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAzJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Collection</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVieEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Integer</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAzZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Relation</a> (each of which is a collection of atemporals and is such that, necessarily, all of its instances are in it essentially). Negative examples include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjpUZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SpatialThing</a> (though arguably it is necessary that all of its instances are essentially instances of it, it is not disjoint with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalThing</a>) and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP4FM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">UniqueAnatomicalPartType</a> (which, though disjoint with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalThing</a>, has instances, such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjvDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Heart</a>, that could exist even if they weren't instances of it; e.g. it might have been the case that every creature with a heart had at least two hearts). There are no known examples of Cyc-reified collections satisfying conditions (1) and (2) but not (3), but one can be contrived. Suppose that all of today's winning lottery numbers were primes. Now consider the collection: <p/> (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvrhK-JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CollectionUnionFn</a> (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjkdpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TheSet</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjrdZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PrimeNumber</a> <i>TodaysWinningLotteryNumbers</i>)) <p/> This collection is clearly disjoint with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalThing</a> and, by hypothesis, all of its instances are in it essentially (as each prime number is essentially a prime number). But this last fact is not <i>necessarily</i> true of this collection: the collection might have had instances that belonged to it only contingently (i.e. not essentially), as it might have been the case that one of today's winning lottery numbers was non-prime, and no number is such that it is essentially one of today's winning lottery numbers. <p/> When asserting that something is an instance or specialization of a given instance of ANECT, it is appropriate to do so in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r3_SgQU2iEdaCwAACs0x8nw" class="cyc_term">UniversalVocabularyMt</a> (q.v.). Indeed, ANECT was specially defined to facilitate the movement of appropriate assertions to that microtheory. <p/> Cf. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGeylLJTfEdqAAAACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">PragmaticallyDecontextualizedCollection</a>. type of atemporal collection in which membership is necessarily essential candidate KB completeness node CandidateKBCompletenessNode An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4ret7qgOKgEdmAAAACs6hfSg" class="cyc_term">ConceptTypeByDomain</a>. Generally speaking, instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r46fYpnaNEduAAAACs6hbjw" class="cyc_term">Analyst_PertinentConcept</a> are concepts and relations such as are used by intelligence analysts reasoning about threat situations. Specifically, all core concepts in this domain (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rgycE6OKgEdmAAAACs6hfSg" class="cyc_term">coreConceptOfDomain</a>) are either 1) <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BinaryPredicate</a>s referenced in AKB Fact Entry Templates, 2) <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBAZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TernaryPredicate</a>s referenced in AKB Fact Entry Templates, 3:)<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>s that are asserted to be <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvuItPZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">argIsa</a>s of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BinaryPredicate</a>s referenced in AKB Fact Entry Templates, 4) <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>s that are asserted to be <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvuItPZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">argIsa</a>s of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBAZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TernaryPredicate</a>s referenced in AKB Fact Entry Templates, 5) <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>s that are asserted to be <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvyTLHJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">argGenl</a>s of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBAZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TernaryPredicate</a>s referenced in AKB Fact Entry Templates, or 6) concepts or relations that are instances of instances of <font color="#ff0000">#$TKBInterfaceCollection</font>. Analyst-PertinentConcept the intelligence analyst reasoning domain InformationAndCWs-Topic information and CWs topic first-order collection An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvtppU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CollectionType</a>, and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rNooX_CChEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FixedOrderCollection</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a> is the collection of all specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Individual</a> (q.v.) Notable specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViq35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVny6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingStuffType</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a>. FirstOrderCollection