]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAHJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalBodyPart</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvzBHPJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExternalAnatomicalPart</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi5GZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FaceOfAnimal</a> is the bodily region of an animal where the eyes of that animal are located. In most terrestrial animals, this is the front region of an animal's head, and it also turns out to be where the nose and mouth are located. FaceOfAnimal face http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Face faces countenances countenance mammal face (OrganismPartTypeFn Mammal FaceOfAnimal) the face (The FaceOfAnimal) ExternalAnimalBodyRegionType A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvxc48pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OrganismConstituentType</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rFRCrfjQ4QdmLuKByH71oGQ" class="cyc_term">ExternalAnimalBodyRegionType</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVraoZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalBodyRegion</a> whose instances are, under normal circumstances, at least partially on the outside surface of animal. Instances include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi6YJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Head_AnimalBodyPart</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkBpJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Wing_AnimalBodyPart</a>,and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4reD9GUO1TQdiOaOGRBoFR1w" class="cyc_term">UpperBody_Human</a>. Non-instances include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjvDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Heart</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjT65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Brain</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkCG5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Bone_BodyPart</a>. Borderline cases include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjUEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Tooth</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjMX5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Eardrum</a>. external animal body region type FaceOfAnimal A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAHJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalBodyPart</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvzBHPJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExternalAnatomicalPart</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi5GZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FaceOfAnimal</a> is the bodily region of an animal where the eyes of that animal are located. In most terrestrial animals, this is the front region of an animal's head, and it also turns out to be where the nose and mouth are located. face <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvzBHPJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExternalAnatomicalPart</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQBXZpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OrganismPart</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvzBHPJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExternalAnatomicalPart</a> is a part of the external anatomy of an organism. Example subcollections include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjghpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Earlobe</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjvNZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Leaf</a>. external anatomical part ExternalAnatomicalPart Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString FaceOfAnimal A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAHJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalBodyPart</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvzBHPJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExternalAnatomicalPart</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi5GZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FaceOfAnimal</a> is the bodily region of an animal where the eyes of that animal are located. In most terrestrial animals, this is the front region of an animal's head, and it also turns out to be where the nose and mouth are located. face mammal head (OrganismPartTypeFn Mammal Head-AnimalBodyPart) <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rZOAVeiYGEdqAAAACs2IMmw" class="cyc_term">broaderTerm</a> <b>TERM1</b> <b>TERM2</b>)</code> means that <code><b>TERM2</b></code> is <i>broader</i> than <code><b>TERM1</b></code>, in an extremely general sense of &quot;broader&quot;. For example, <code><b>TERM2</b></code> is, in the relevant sense, broader than <code><b>TERM1</b></code> if any of the following hold:<br><br> <code><b>TERM2</b></code> is a collection that subsumes <code><b>TERM1</b></code>; <br> <code><b>TERM2</b></code> is a collection that has <code><b>TERM1</b></code> as an instance; <br> <code><b>TERM2</b></code> is a collection, instances of which have instances of the collection <code><b>TERM1</b></code> as parts; <br> <code><b>TERM2</b></code> has <code><b>TERM1</b></code> as a part; <br><br> This list of reasons for why <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rZOAVeiYGEdqAAAACs2IMmw" class="cyc_term">broaderTerm</a> <b>TERM1</b> <b>TERM2</b>)</code> could hold is not exhaustive, but it should give a good indication of how general the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rZOAVeiYGEdqAAAACs2IMmw" class="cyc_term">broaderTerm</a> relation actually is. BT broaderTerm FaceOfAnimal A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAHJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalBodyPart</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvzBHPJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExternalAnatomicalPart</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi5GZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FaceOfAnimal</a> is the bodily region of an animal where the eyes of that animal are located. In most terrestrial animals, this is the front region of an animal's head, and it also turns out to be where the nose and mouth are located. face A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rAmoSCGJbQdiSXZJvYiNhkQ" class="cyc_term">CycVocabularyTopic</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rtGXkHpNaEdqAAAACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">KBDependentCollection</a>. SpecificAnimalBodyParts-Physiology-Topic specific animal body parts physiology topic SolidTangibleThing solid object An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVny6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingStuffType</a>, and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj27ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjElJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SolidTangibleThing</a> is a piece of stuff possessing many of the properties that matter in a solid state (see the constant <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjZVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Solid_StateOfMatter</a>) exhibits (although not all instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjElJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SolidTangibleThing</a> are formally in a solid state). Instances have a shape independent from their container, and, when deformed with sufficient force (which may be small for weak, brittle materials or high for materials that deform easily), they break. Examples of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjElJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SolidTangibleThing</a>s include: pieces of substances in a solid state of matter, such as ice cubes; solid mixtures like a quarter-dollar coin or a paper bag; and complex mixtures of biological origin that behave like solids, e.g., bone. Note that some pieces of matter that are formally in a solid state (for example, pieces of clay) are not instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjElJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SolidTangibleThing</a>, since they do not readily break when deformed; for this reason, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjZVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Solid_StateOfMatter</a> is <i>not</i> a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjElJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SolidTangibleThing</a>. Collections of the solid form of any type of stuff can be created using <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPzX0JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SolidFn</a> (q.v.). FaceOfAnimal A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAHJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalBodyPart</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvzBHPJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExternalAnatomicalPart</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi5GZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FaceOfAnimal</a> is the bodily region of an animal where the eyes of that animal are located. In most terrestrial animals, this is the front region of an animal's head, and it also turns out to be where the nose and mouth are located. face body part A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVraoZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalBodyRegion</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAHJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalBodyPart</a> is an anatomical part of some living animal, and thus is itself an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVim7ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologicalLivingObject</a> (q.v). <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAHJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalBodyPart</a> includes both highly localized organs (for example, hearts) and physical systems composed of parts distributed throughout an animal's body (such as an animal's circulatory system and nervous system). Note that severed limbs and removed organs are _not_ instances of this collection, since they are not _parts_ of some living animal. AnimalBodyPart Head-Vertebrate The collection of all heads of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVil5pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Vertebrate</a>s (animals with backbones). Vertebrate heads all have faces (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi5GZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FaceOfAnimal</a>) and connect to the animal's torso via a neck; these things are not generally true for most non-vertebrates. vertebrate head type of unique anatomical part UniqueAnatomicalPartType A default pairwise disjoint collection of collections (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA4pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SiblingDisjointCollectionType</a>) and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjn2pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalBodyPartType</a>. Instances are types of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVraoZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalBodyRegion</a> that occur uniquely in the organisms (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjE1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Organism_Whole</a>) that have them. For example, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi6YJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Head_AnimalBodyPart</a> is an instance of this collection. Contrast with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP3ohZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SymmetricAnatomicalPartType</a>.