]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. stealing A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rLDgW8nm4QdefYcWqNwYIMA" class="cyc_term">GainingControl</a> and #$ActsCommonlyConsideredCriminal. In each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViMd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stealing</a>, an agent (see the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a>) takes something belonging to another agent without that agent's permission (and possibly without that agent's knowledge). Note that there may be some cases in which an agent takes something belonging to another agent without that agent's explicit permission that would nevertheless not be categorized as instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViMd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stealing</a>. For instance, a pair of agents may have an informal agreement or "understanding" that would cover casual "borrowing" from one another (and thus excuse it from being stealing). Stealing http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theft had pilfered purloins have stolen has appropriated stole filches thievery steal appropriated had appropriated pilfer filched will cop have swiped will have purloined has swiped swipe will have copped steals has stolen had swiped have filched will swipe will have stolen will have lifted appropriate pilfered had stolen have thieved lift have purloined will purloin thieve has thieved will pilfer will thieve had purloined purloined swiping copped theft purloin appropriating has pilfered purloining has purloined have copped filch filching have appropriated thieved has copped copping will have swiped will have appropriated thefts have pilfered had filched will steal will have filched had copped had lifted lifting cop pilfers swipes has filched cops have lifted had thieved will lift will filch lifts swiped pilfering has lifted stolen will have thieved thieving appropriates will have pilfered thieves lifted will appropriate The collection of thefts in which a person closely associated with the victim is either the thief or an accessory to the theft. Stealing-InsideJob stealing inside job stealing that is not stealing inside job (CollectionDifferenceFn Stealing Stealing-InsideJob) A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViMd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stealing</a>. In an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWKkr5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stealing_Physical</a>, the perpetrator is physically at the location with the stolen goods when committing the crime. The perpetrator physically removes the goods. The owner of the goods may or may not be present. Thus, this collection includes all burglaries and stealing of cars from parking lots, as well as robberies and carjackings. In contrast, instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWarQZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stealing_Embezzlement</a> need not be instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWKkr5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stealing_Physical</a>. Stealing-Physical robbing hostile seizure HostileSeizure The sub-collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rTA-RjiDNEdaAAACQJ5pZBw" class="cyc_term">TransferOfControl</a> whose instances are also instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViD4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HostileSocialAction</a>. As with all instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rTA-RjiDNEdaAAACQJ5pZBw" class="cyc_term">TransferOfControl</a>, the instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rQDbZUGxuQdiE_a0da91vrw" class="cyc_term">HostileSeizure</a> require the roles <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rq3HvWiDNEdaAAACQJ5pZBw" class="cyc_term">losesControl</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rpXHk_CDNEdaAAACQJ5pZBw" class="cyc_term">takesControl</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rklF5ZCDNEdaAAACQJ5pZBw" class="cyc_term">objectOfControlTransfer</a>. However, the instances of this collection are events where the transfer is against the will of the agent who fills the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rq3HvWiDNEdaAAACQJ5pZBw" class="cyc_term">losesControl</a>. It is important to note that these events are not all instances of #$ActsCommonlyConsideredCriminal, though several sub-collections of #$ActsCommonlyConsideredCriminal are sub-collections of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rQDbZUGxuQdiE_a0da91vrw" class="cyc_term">HostileSeizure</a>. A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a> (q.v.) whose instances are all and only those collections that are temporally object-like. A collection <code>COL</code> is temporally object-like just in case it generally holds that any proper purely temporal parts (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a>) of an instance of <code>COL</code> is not itself an instance of <code>COL</code>. More precisely, a collection <code>COL</code> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViq35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a> just in case it satisfies the following: For any distinct <code>OBJ1</code> and <code>OBJ2</code>, if <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> OBJ1 COL)</code> and <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a> OBJ1 OBJ2)</code>, then not <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> OBJ2 COL)</code>. For example, none of the proper time-slices of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjyV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalendarYear</a> is itself a calendar year. Likewise for <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViYBpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TakingAStep</a>. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjyV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalendarYear</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViYBpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TakingAStep</a> are both instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViq35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a>. Conversely, a proper time-slice of a given <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVisWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Date</a> might itself be a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVisWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Date</a> (e.g. an hour has minutes and seconds as time-slices); so <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVisWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Date</a> is not a temporal-object-type. See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a> for the disjoint notion of being temporally stuff-like. TemporalObjectType temporal object type <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rZOAVeiYGEdqAAAACs2IMmw" class="cyc_term">broaderTerm</a> TERM1 TERM2)</code> means that <code>TERM2</code> is broader than <code>TERM1</code>, in an extremely general sense of "broader". For example, <code>TERM2</code> is, in the relevant sense, broader than <code>TERM1</code> if any of the following hold: <code>TERM2</code> is a collection that subsumes <code>TERM1</code>; <code>TERM2</code> is a collection that has <code>TERM1</code> as an instance; <code>TERM2</code> is a collection, instances of which have instances of the collection <code>TERM1</code> as parts; <code>TERM2</code> has <code>TERM1</code> as a part; This list of reasons for why <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rZOAVeiYGEdqAAAACs2IMmw" class="cyc_term">broaderTerm</a> TERM1 TERM2)</code> could hold is not exhaustive, but it should give a good indication of how general the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rZOAVeiYGEdqAAAACs2IMmw" class="cyc_term">broaderTerm</a> relation actually is. BT broaderTerm HumanActivity human activity A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViNqpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalActivity</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViN65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HumanActivity</a> is a spatially-localized action each of whose "doers" (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP1HmJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a>) is either a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rIcwFloGUQdeMlsOWYLFB2w" class="cyc_term">HomoSapiens</a> or a group of humans (i.e. a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjmoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Group</a> all of whose members are <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rIcwFloGUQdeMlsOWYLFB2w" class="cyc_term">HomoSapiens</a> or groups of humans). A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r90rQppPdQdiazLMy6-4kSw" class="cyc_term">ViolatingAnObligation</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVioQZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Action</a> in which some <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi_0JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Obligation</a> (moral, legal, etc.) is violated. Two important specializations are <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwCCSN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ImmoralAct</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvnndOZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IllegalAction</a>. violating an obligation ViolatingAnObligation stealing A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rLDgW8nm4QdefYcWqNwYIMA" class="cyc_term">GainingControl</a> and #$ActsCommonlyConsideredCriminal. In each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViMd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stealing</a>, an agent (see the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a>) takes something belonging to another agent without that agent's permission (and possibly without that agent's knowledge). Note that there may be some cases in which an agent takes something belonging to another agent without that agent's explicit permission that would nevertheless not be categorized as instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViMd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stealing</a>. For instance, a pair of agents may have an informal agreement or "understanding" that would cover casual "borrowing" from one another (and thus excuse it from being stealing). Stealing stealing A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rLDgW8nm4QdefYcWqNwYIMA" class="cyc_term">GainingControl</a> and #$ActsCommonlyConsideredCriminal. In each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViMd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stealing</a>, an agent (see the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a>) takes something belonging to another agent without that agent's permission (and possibly without that agent's knowledge). Note that there may be some cases in which an agent takes something belonging to another agent without that agent's explicit permission that would nevertheless not be categorized as instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViMd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stealing</a>. For instance, a pair of agents may have an informal agreement or "understanding" that would cover casual "borrowing" from one another (and thus excuse it from being stealing). Stealing taking something away poss transfer topic TakingSomethingAway-PossTransfer-Topic unnatural thing The collection of non-natural individuals. This collection is hard to precisely define but, roughly, something is an instance of this collection just in case it is one of the following: 1) <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Individual</a> acts that are intentionally performed by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVinb5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IntelligentAgent</a>s, or 2) <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Individual</a>s that in some significant sense "could only have been the result" of the intentional activities of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVinb5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IntelligentAgent</a>s (or groups thereof). Positive examples in the first category include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP1F75wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CesareanBirth</a>s, negative examples include eating. Positive examples in the second category include instances of industrial pollution and tire tracks. Negative examples include human vomit and human (bare) footprints. NonNaturalThing act commonly considered criminal ActTypeCommonlyConsideredCriminal A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4ryIOUhqKeQdiRffIfC9Y1mA" class="cyc_term">ActTypeCommonlyConsideredCriminal</a> is an action type (i.e. a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVioQZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Action</a>) that many legal systems regard as a type of criminal act. Notable instances of this collection include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQrtcJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Murder</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViMd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stealing</a>. mass stealing (MassEventOfTypeFn Stealing) Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString stealing A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rLDgW8nm4QdefYcWqNwYIMA" class="cyc_term">GainingControl</a> and #$ActsCommonlyConsideredCriminal. In each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViMd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stealing</a>, an agent (see the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a>) takes something belonging to another agent without that agent's permission (and possibly without that agent's knowledge). Note that there may be some cases in which an agent takes something belonging to another agent without that agent's explicit permission that would nevertheless not be categorized as instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViMd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stealing</a>. For instance, a pair of agents may have an informal agreement or "understanding" that would cover casual "borrowing" from one another (and thus excuse it from being stealing). Stealing stealing A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rLDgW8nm4QdefYcWqNwYIMA" class="cyc_term">GainingControl</a> and #$ActsCommonlyConsideredCriminal. In each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViMd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stealing</a>, an agent (see the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a>) takes something belonging to another agent without that agent's permission (and possibly without that agent's knowledge). Note that there may be some cases in which an agent takes something belonging to another agent without that agent's explicit permission that would nevertheless not be categorized as instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViMd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stealing</a>. For instance, a pair of agents may have an informal agreement or "understanding" that would cover casual "borrowing" from one another (and thus excuse it from being stealing). Stealing stealing A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rLDgW8nm4QdefYcWqNwYIMA" class="cyc_term">GainingControl</a> and #$ActsCommonlyConsideredCriminal. In each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViMd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stealing</a>, an agent (see the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a>) takes something belonging to another agent without that agent's permission (and possibly without that agent's knowledge). Note that there may be some cases in which an agent takes something belonging to another agent without that agent's explicit permission that would nevertheless not be categorized as instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViMd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stealing</a>. For instance, a pair of agents may have an informal agreement or "understanding" that would cover casual "borrowing" from one another (and thus excuse it from being stealing). Stealing