]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. Atom atom A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViRapwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ChemicalObject</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViR75wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Atom</a> is a microscopic-scale object with exactly one atomic nucleus (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVij2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AtomicNucleus</a>) and some number of electrons (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViB05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Electron</a>). A typical instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViR75wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Atom</a> has no net charge, i.e., it has as many instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViB05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Electron</a> as it does of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBTZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Proton</a>. For the collection of atoms that do have non-zero charges, see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rcZxrqookEdaAAAACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">MonoatomicIon</a>. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atom atoms nitrogen atom (AtomFn Nitrogen) tin atom (AtomFn Tin) chromium atom (AtomFn Chromium) strontium atom (AtomFn Strontium) iodine atom (AtomFn Iodine) silver atom (AtomFn Silver) selenium atom (AtomFn Selenium) mercury atom (AtomFn Mercury) iron atom (AtomFn Iron) (AtomFn Cesium) cesium atom fluorine atom (AtomFn Fluorine) bromine atom (AtomFn Bromine) lead atom (AtomFn Lead) (AtomFn Sulfur) sulfur atom (AtomFn Manganese) manganese atom barium atom (AtomFn Barium) cadmium atom (AtomFn Cadmium) (AtomFn Radium) radium atom Radionuclide radionuclides The collection of radioactive nuclides. (AtomFn Nickel) nickel atom gold atom (AtomFn Gold) potassium atom (AtomFn Potassium) (AtomFn Carbon) carbon atom beryllium atom (AtomFn Beryllium) (AtomFn Calcium) calcium atom chlorine atom (AtomFn Chlorine) (AtomFn Lithium) lithium atom atomic ion MonoatomicIon A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViR75wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Atom</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPuuOZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Ion</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rcZxrqookEdaAAAACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">MonoatomicIon</a> is an atom with a net positive or negative electrical charge, as a consequense of having an imbalance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBTZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Proton</a>s and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViB05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Electron</a>s. (AtomFn Sodium) sodium atom (AtomFn Bismuth) bismuth atom zinc atom (AtomFn Zinc) (AtomFn Phosphorus) phosphorus atom (AtomFn Magnesium) magnesium atom hydrogen atom (AtomFn Hydrogen) (AtomFn Francium) francium atom (AtomFn Copper) copper atom oxygen atom (AtomFn Oxygen) aluminum atom (AtomFn Aluminum) cobalt atom (AtomFn Cobalt) thallium atom (AtomFn Thallium) (AtomFn Cerium) cerium atom (AtomFn Rubidium) rubidium atom Atom atom A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViRapwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ChemicalObject</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViR75wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Atom</a> is a microscopic-scale object with exactly one atomic nucleus (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVij2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AtomicNucleus</a>) and some number of electrons (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViB05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Electron</a>). A typical instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViR75wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Atom</a> has no net charge, i.e., it has as many instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViB05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Electron</a> as it does of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBTZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Proton</a>. For the collection of atoms that do have non-zero charges, see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rcZxrqookEdaAAAACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">MonoatomicIon</a>. A collection of collections. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj27ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a> (q.v.). Moreover, each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a> is a collection that is temporally stuff-like (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a>) but physically-spatially object-like (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a>) -- i.e. object-like with respect to some physical-spatial part-whole predicate (e.g. some specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r8a2smPXcQdiEoJhcx65EiQ" class="cyc_term">properPhysicalDecompositions</a>). <p/> Consider the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj27ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a>. Further, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a> is temporally stuff-like: any one of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a> of a given copy <code><b>COPY</b></code> of (say) &quot;Moby Dick&quot; is still a copy of &quot;Moby Dick&quot;. (Most collections of tangible objects are temporally stuff-like in this way.) But <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a> is spatially <i>object-like</i>: if we take a scalpel and slice <code><b>COPY</b></code> into ten pieces, each piece is not a copy of &quot;Moby Dick&quot;. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a>. <p/> See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVir35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StuffType</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVny6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingStuffType</a>. ExistingObjectType type of object A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rAmoSCGJbQdiSXZJvYiNhkQ" class="cyc_term">CycVocabularyTopic</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rtGXkHpNaEdqAAAACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">KBDependentCollection</a>. ElementsAndAtoms-Chemistry-Topic elements and atoms chemistry topic Atom atom A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViRapwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ChemicalObject</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViR75wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Atom</a> is a microscopic-scale object with exactly one atomic nucleus (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVij2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AtomicNucleus</a>) and some number of electrons (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViB05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Electron</a>). A typical instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViR75wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Atom</a> has no net charge, i.e., it has as many instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViB05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Electron</a> as it does of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBTZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Proton</a>. For the collection of atoms that do have non-zero charges, see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rcZxrqookEdaAAAACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">MonoatomicIon</a>. candidate KB completeness node CandidateKBCompletenessNode Atom atom A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViRapwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ChemicalObject</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViR75wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Atom</a> is a microscopic-scale object with exactly one atomic nucleus (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVij2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AtomicNucleus</a>) and some number of electrons (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViB05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Electron</a>). A typical instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViR75wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Atom</a> has no net charge, i.e., it has as many instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViB05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Electron</a> as it does of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBTZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Proton</a>. For the collection of atoms that do have non-zero charges, see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rcZxrqookEdaAAAACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">MonoatomicIon</a>. Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString ChemicalObject A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViRrJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MicroscopicScaleObject</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViRapwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ChemicalObject</a> is an object whose behavior is typically described in terms of its outer cloud of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViB05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Electron</a>s. Specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViRapwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ChemicalObject</a> include the collections <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViR75wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Atom</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwspwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Molecule</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPuuOZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Ion</a>. chemical object Atom atom A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViRapwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ChemicalObject</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViR75wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Atom</a> is a microscopic-scale object with exactly one atomic nucleus (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVij2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AtomicNucleus</a>) and some number of electrons (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViB05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Electron</a>). A typical instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViR75wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Atom</a> has no net charge, i.e., it has as many instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViB05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Electron</a> as it does of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBTZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Proton</a>. For the collection of atoms that do have non-zero charges, see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rcZxrqookEdaAAAACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">MonoatomicIon</a>. Atom atom A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViRapwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ChemicalObject</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViR75wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Atom</a> is a microscopic-scale object with exactly one atomic nucleus (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVij2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AtomicNucleus</a>) and some number of electrons (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViB05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Electron</a>). A typical instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViR75wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Atom</a> has no net charge, i.e., it has as many instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViB05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Electron</a> as it does of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBTZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Proton</a>. For the collection of atoms that do have non-zero charges, see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rcZxrqookEdaAAAACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">MonoatomicIon</a>.