]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. type of language family Related groups of languages. LanguageFamilyType types of language family HamiticLanguageFamily the Hamitic language family Currently, languages spoken throughout northern and mostly eastern Africa TanoanLanguageFamily Western Amerindian languages the Aztec-Tanoan language family Macro-Chibchan language The collection of all Macro-Chibchan languages. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjzepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NaturalLanguage</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVifg5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Macro_ChibchanLanguageFamily</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LanguageFamilyType</a>. Macro-ChibchanLanguageFamily Amerindian languages mostly of the West HokanLanguageFamily the Hokan language family The collection of all Hmong-Mien languages. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj8VZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LivingLanguage</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjzepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NaturalLanguage</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvvQQyJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Hmong_MienLanguageFamily</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LanguageFamilyType</a>. Hmong-MienLanguageFamily the Hmong-Mien language family Amerindian languages, spoken in Central America and western North America the Wintun language family WintunLanguageFamily the Annamese-Muong language family Annamese-MuongLanguageFamily The collection of all the Annamese-Muong language family. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkHt5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AustroasiaticLanguageFamily</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkJjZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Annamese_MuongLanguageFamily</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LanguageFamilyType</a>. Sino-TibetanLanguageFamily Various kinds of Chinese and its relatives the Sino-Tibetan language family A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjC6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AbstractProgrammingLanguage</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGxWxhVL1EdaCtgACs0uXdw" class="cyc_term">ObjectOrientedProgrammingLanguage</a> is the collection of languages that implement the objected-oriented programming methodology. This methodology is a data-based approach (as opposed to a process-based approach) and emphasizes the principles of encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. Examples of OO programming languages include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQfjYJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">JavaProgrammingLanguage</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkGMpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CPlusPlus_ProgrammingLanguage</a>. ObjectOrientedProgrammingLanguage object oriented programming language SouthDravidianLanguageFamily Branch of major non-Indo-European languages of India the South Dravidian language family A sub-collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjxUJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CelticLanguageFamily</a>. Each instance is an of several related languages of the Celts in Ireland and Scotland. Gaelic GaelicLanguageFamily Andean-EquatorialLanguageFamily the Andean-Equatorial language family Amerindian languages spoken mainly in South America Amerindian languages of Central and/or South America the Macro-Chibchan language family ChibchanLanguageFamily YokutLanguageFamily Amerindian languages, spoken in Central America and western North America the Yokuts language family Languages of the South Caucases unrelated to Slavic, including Georgian, Laz, Svan, and others. Also called Kartvelian. the Southern Caucasian language family SouthernCaucasianLanguageFamily Romance language The collection of all Romance languages. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViyaJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ItalicLanguageFamily</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvex51pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RomanceLanguageFamily</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LanguageFamilyType</a>. RomanceLanguageFamily SemiticLanguageFamily Many languages, both ancient and modern, spoken in southwest Asia and northwest Africa the Semitic language family TlingitLanguageFamily the Tlingit language family Amerindian languages, generally of western North America Languages spoken in south Africa SouthAfricanKhoisanLanguageFamily South African Khoisan language Amerindian languages, generally of western North America EyakLanguageFamily the Eyak language family the Aztec-Tanoan language family Aztec-TanoanLanguageFamily Amerindian languages spoken in western North America and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkAiZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mexico</a> the Penutian language family PenutianLanguageFamily The collection of all the Penutian language family. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjzepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NaturalLanguage</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjGk5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PenutianLanguageFamily</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LanguageFamilyType</a>. tolkienian language family The collection of all tolkienian language families. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvndKxpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FictionalLanguage</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvxeoJpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TolkienianLanguageFamily</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LanguageFamilyType</a>. TolkienianLanguageFamily Amerindian languages, generally of Mexico and/or Central America the Mixtecan language family MixtecanLanguageFamily the Na-Dene language family NadeneLanguageFamily The collection of all the Na-Dene language family. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjzepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NaturalLanguage</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVA5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NadeneLanguageFamily</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LanguageFamilyType</a>. Languages spoken in the Sudan FurianLanguageFamily the Furian language family Indo-EuropeanLanguageFamily the Indo-European language family A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LanguageFamilyType</a> that is commonly spoken on all six populated continents. It has eleven sub-families and most languages familiar to Americans are of this language family. Languages spoken near Lake Chad and in the central Sahara the Nilo-Saharan language family SaharanLanguageFamily The collection of all the Mancu-Tungus language family. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkK75wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AltaicLanguageFamily</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwRD2m5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ManchuTungusLanguageFamily</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LanguageFamilyType</a>. ManchuTungusLanguageFamily the Mancu-Tungus language family the Austronesian language family indigenous languages of most islands of the Pacific. AustronesianLanguageFamily IranianLanguageFamily the Indo-Iranian language family the Australian language family AustralianLanguageFamily The collection of the numerous aboriginal languages of Australia, now believed to be genetically related. the Maidu language family Amerindian languages, spoken in Central America and western North America MaiduLanguageFamily the Eskimo-Aleut language family Eskimo-AleutLanguageFamily Circumpolar languages ranging from Greenland westward to Siberia The collection of all languages in the Celtic language family. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViPUpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Indo_EuropeanLanguageFamily</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjxUJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CelticLanguageFamily</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LanguageFamilyType</a>. the Celtic language family CelticLanguageFamily the Mayan language family MayanLanguageFamily Amerindian languages, spoken in Central America and western North America Uto-AztecanLanguageFamily Amerindian languages composing the Nahuatlan, Pima-Sonorran, Shoshonean sub-groups the Uto-Aztecan language family Turkic and Turkic dialects A subfamily of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkK75wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AltaicLanguageFamily</a> that includes Turkish, Uzbek, and Azerbaijani. TurkicLanguageFamily the Dravidian language family DravidianLanguageFamily languages of the probably aboriginal dark peoples of southern <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj7XJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">India</a>, unrelated to Hindi, etc. TsimshianLanguageFamily Amerindian languages, spoken in Central America and western North America the Tsimshian language family the Niger-Kordofanian language family Languages spoken in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViKUZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sudan</a>, south and central Africa, and west Africa below the Sahara Niger-KordofanianLanguageFamily the Hmongic language family HmongicLanguageFamily The collection of all the Hmongic language family. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvvQQyJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Hmong_MienLanguageFamily</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwKOT55wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HmongicLanguageFamily</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LanguageFamilyType</a>. Amerindian language group of North America the Jicaque language family JicaqueLanguageFamily CaucasianLanguageFamily Languages indigenous to southwest Asiatic <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViTwZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Russia</a> the Caucasian language family Languages spoken east of Lake Chad MabanLanguageFamily the Maban language family Amerindian languages spoken widely in North America Hokan-SiouanLanguageFamily the Hokan-Siouan language family the Cariban language family CaribanLanguageFamily Amerindian languages, spoken in the Caribbean region and/or South America AbstractProgrammingLanguage programming language A specialization of <font color="#ff0000">#$ComputerLanguage</font>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjC6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AbstractProgrammingLanguage</a> is the collection of languages invented for the purpose of composing computer programs (i.e., instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJxiRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgram_CW</a>), as opposed to merely facilitating interaction between pieces of software or indicating how to represent pieces of text. Thus, <font color="#ff0000">#$ComputerLanguages</font> such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjDr5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Lisp</a> are instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjC6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AbstractProgrammingLanguage</a>, whereas <font color="#ff0000">#$ComputerLanguages</font> such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWVukJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HypertextMarkupLanguage</a> are not. the Tibeto-Burman language family Languages of cenntral and southeast Asia Tibeto-BurmanLanguageFamily HuaveLanguageFamily Amerindian languages, spoken in Central America and western North America the Huave language family HellenicLanguageFamily The collection of all Hellenic languages. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViPUpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Indo_EuropeanLanguageFamily</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViQWJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HellenicLanguageFamily</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LanguageFamilyType</a>. the Hellenic language family ItalicLanguageFamily the Italic language family The collection of all the Italic language family. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViPUpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Indo_EuropeanLanguageFamily</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViyaJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ItalicLanguageFamily</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LanguageFamilyType</a>. the Tokharian language family TokharianLanguageFamily The collection of all Tokharian languages. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViPUpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Indo_EuropeanLanguageFamily</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViQFZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TokharianLanguageFamily</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LanguageFamilyType</a>. The collection of all the Chinese language family. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjrbJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sino_TibetanLanguageFamily</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViz_JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ChineseLanguageFamily</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LanguageFamilyType</a>. the Chinese language family ChineseLanguageFamily AfroasiaticLanguageFamily group of languages indigenous to the Near East and northeast Africa the Afro-Asiatic language family the Gean or Panoan language family GeanOrPanoanLanguageFamily Amerindian languages, spoken in the Caribbean region and/or South America the Slavic language family SlavicLanguageFamily The collection of all the Slavic language family. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViPUpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Indo_EuropeanLanguageFamily</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj8kpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SlavicLanguageFamily</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LanguageFamilyType</a>. the Uralic and Altaic language family UralicAndAltaicLanguageFamily Languages scattered across Asia from eastern Europe to the Pacific FinnoUgricLanguageFamily the Finno-Ugric language family Languages spoken near Lake Chad, central Africa, and in West Africa ChadLanguageFamily the Chad language family ZapotecanLanguageFamily the Zapotecan language family Amerindian languages, generally of Mexico and/or Central America BalticLanguageFamily the Baltic language family The collection of all the Baltic language family. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViPUpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Indo_EuropeanLanguageFamily</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViQm5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BalticLanguageFamily</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LanguageFamilyType</a>. the Altaic language family Turkic, Mongolian, and Tungusic languages AltaicLanguageFamily the Thai language family ThaiLanguageFamily The collection of all Thai languages. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjrbJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sino_TibetanLanguageFamily</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjrrpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ThaiLanguageFamily</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LanguageFamilyType</a>. KomanLanguageFamily the Koman language family Languages spoken in the Sudan and Ethiopia the Algonquian language family Amerindian languages, generally northeast and north central AlgonquianLanguageFamily the Anatolian language family Ancient dead languages of Anatolia and vicinity AnatolianLanguageFamily the Andean language family Amerindian languages composing the Araucanian, Aymara, and Quechua sub-groups AndeanLanguageFamily the Indo-Iranian language family The collection of Indo-Iranian languages. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViPUpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Indo_EuropeanLanguageFamily</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViS7ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Indo_IranianLanguageFamily</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LanguageFamilyType</a>. Indo-IranianLanguageFamily KordofanianLanguageFamily Languages spoken in the Sudan the Kordofanian language family EquatorialLanguageFamily Amerindian languages composing the Arawkan, Tupi-Guarani, and Jivaroan sub-groups the Andean-Equatorial language family EskimoLanguageFamily A sub-family of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkKu5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Eskimo_AleutLanguageFamily</a>, consisting of languages spoken in Greenland, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVimZ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Canada</a>, Alaska, and Siberia, seemingly unrelated to any other than Aleut Eskimo Languages spoken in south and central Africa, and west Africa below the Sahara the Niger-Congo language family Niger-CongoLanguageFamily Amerindian languages, generally from mid-continent northwards the Algonquian-Wakashan language family Algonquian-WakashanLanguageFamily the North Dravidian language family branch of the major non-Indo-European language family of India, with a single outlier, far from the others NorthDravidianLanguageFamily the Hokan-Siouan language family SiouanLanguageFamily Amerindian languages, generally of the central and northern plains of North America The collection of all Thraco-Illyrian languages. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViPUpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Indo_EuropeanLanguageFamily</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViPj5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Thraco_IllyrianLanguageFamily</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LanguageFamilyType</a>. Thraco-IllyrianLanguageFamily the Thraco-Illyrian language family Amerindian languages, generally northwestern U.S. SalishanLanguageFamily the Salishan language family the Indo-Aryan language family IndoAryanLanguageFamily The collection of all the Indo-Aryan language family. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViS7ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Indo_IranianLanguageFamily</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv7EDWJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IndoAryanLanguageFamily</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LanguageFamilyType</a>. Sahaptin-ChinookLanguageFamily Amerindian languages, spoken in Central America and western North America the Sahaptin-Chinook language family SonghaiLanguageFamily the Songhai language family Languages spoken in Mali WesternAustronesianLanguageFamily Western Austronesian language the Khoisan language family KhoisanLanguageFamily MuskogeanLanguageFamily Amerindian language group of southeastern North America the Muskogean language family Mon-KhmerLanguageFamily The collection of all the Mon-Khmer language family. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkHt5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AustroasiaticLanguageFamily</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjdF5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mon_KhmerLanguageFamily</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LanguageFamilyType</a>. the Mon-Khmer language family Amerindian languages, spoken in Central America and western North America TotonacanLanguageFamily the Totonacan language family Amerindian languages spoken in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkAiZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mexico</a> and Central America Macro-Otomanguean language family Macro-OtomangueanLanguageFamily the Ge-Pano-Carib language family Ge-Pano-CaribLanguageFamily The collection of all the Ge-Pano-Carib language family. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjzepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NaturalLanguage</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjpBZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Ge_Pano_CaribLanguageFamily</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LanguageFamilyType</a>. YumanLanguageFamily the Yuman language family Amerindian languages, generally of the southwest of North America An Afro-Asiatic language family of languages spoken primarily in North Africa. Berber BerberLanguageFamily Amerindian languages, spoken in the Caribbean region and/or South America BorotukeLanguageFamily the Borotuke language family Thraco-PhrygianLanguageFamily The collection of all the Thraco-Phrygian language family. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViPUpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Indo_EuropeanLanguageFamily</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViP1JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Thraco_PhrygianLanguageFamily</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LanguageFamilyType</a>. the Thraco-Phrygian language family the Northern Caucasian language family NorthernCaucasianLanguageFamily Languages of southeastern Russia, including that of the fabled Circassian maidens the Iroquoian language family IroquoianLanguageFamily Amerindian languages of the eastern Great Lakes and southern Appalachian area the Chari-Nile language family Chari-NileLanguageFamily Languages spoken in the Sudan and Ethiopia and many other countries the Munda language family MundaLanguageFamily Language of southeast Asia The collection of all languages in the Germanic language family. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViPUpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Indo_EuropeanLanguageFamily</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjPEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GermanicLanguageFamily</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LanguageFamilyType</a>. the Germanic language family GermanicLanguageFamily Amerindian languages, generally of Mexico and/or Central America the Otomian language family OtomianLanguageFamily Branch of major non-Indo-European languages of India CentralDravidianLanguageFamily the Central Dravidian language family Amerindian languages mostly of the West the Caddoan language family CaddoanLanguageFamily the Uralic language family Finno-Ugric and Samoyedic languages UralicLanguageFamily HaidaLanguageFamily the Haida language family Amerindian languages, generally of western North America InuitLanguageFamily Inuit A sub-family of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj_kpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EskimoLanguageFamily</a>, consisting of languages primarily spoken in Alaska, Canada, and Greenland. Mixe-ZoqueLanguageFamily Amerindian languages, spoken in Central America and western North America Mixe-Zoque language CoahuiltecanLanguageFamily the Coahuiltecan language family Amerindian languages mostly of the West AthabascanLanguageFamily the Athabaskan language family Amerindian languages, generally of western North America WakashanLanguageFamily the Wakashan language family Amerindian languages, generally northwestern U.S. DaicLanguageFamily the Daic language family The collection of all the Daic language family. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj8VZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LivingLanguage</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwKGn4pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DaicLanguageFamily</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LanguageFamilyType</a>. The collection of all the Nilo-Saharan language family. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjzepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NaturalLanguage</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjWCJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Nilo_SaharanLanguageFamily</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LanguageFamilyType</a>. the Nilo-Saharan language family Nilo-SaharanLanguageFamily the Eastern Austronesian language family EasternAustronesianLanguageFamily Languages of Indo-China the Austro-Asiatic language family AustroasiaticLanguageFamily The collection of all specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>, that is, of all collections of (first-order) collections, and an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHUFI8h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">ThirdOrderCollection</a>. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> are collections of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>s. Any instance of any instance of any instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Individual</a>. SecondOrderCollection second-order Cyc collection type of language family Related groups of languages. LanguageFamilyType A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rtGXkHpNaEdqAAAACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">KBDependentCollection</a> of collections of collections (and thus an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rviPYH5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CollectionTypeType</a> and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvtppU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CollectionType</a>). A sibling-disjoint collection type is such that its known (i.e. KB-represented) instances are collections that -- save for any that are related to each other by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">genls</a> and any that are explicitly asserted to be exceptions (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQtVmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">siblingDisjointExceptions</a>) -- are disjoint from each other. <p/> More precisely, each instance <code><b>SIB</b></code> of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA4pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SiblingDisjointCollectionType</a> is a collection of collections that has the following KB-dependent property: <p/> For any two known instances <code><b>COL1</b></code> and <code><b>COL2</b></code> of <code><b>SIB</b></code>, at least one of the following is known to hold: <pre> (a) (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">genls</a> <b>COL1</b> <b>COL2</b>) (b) (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">genls</a> <b>COL2</b> <b>COL1</b>) (c) (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQtVmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">siblingDisjointExceptions</a> <b>COL1</b> <b>COL2</b>) (d) (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA45wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">disjointWith</a> <b>COL1</b> <b>COL2</b>) </pre> Moreover, note that if <code><b>MT</b></code> is a context (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA1ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Microtheory</a>) in which (i) both <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> <b>COL1</b> <b>SIB</b>)</code> and <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> <b>COL2</b> <b>SIB</b>)</code> hold and (ii) neither <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">genls</a> <b>COL1</b> <b>COL2</b>)</code> nor <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">genls</a> <b>COL2</b> <b>COL1</b>)</code> nor <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQtVmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">siblingDisjointExceptions</a> <b>COL1</b> <b>COL2</b>)</code> is known to hold (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP-JvpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">knownSentence</a>), then <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA45wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">disjointWith</a> <b>COL1</b> <b>COL2</b>)</code> holds by default in <code><b>MT</b></code>. <p/> For example, in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjakJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologyMt</a> both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Dog</a> are instances of the sibling-disjoint collection type <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjK65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologicalSpecies</a>, while neither (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">genls</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Dog</a>) nor (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">genls</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Dog</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a>) nor (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQtVmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">siblingDisjointExceptions</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Dog</a>) is known to hold in that context; consequently, (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA45wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">disjointWith</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Dog</a>) holds by default in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjakJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologyMt</a>. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA4pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SiblingDisjointCollectionType</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVji6JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologicalTaxon</a> (and its specializations), <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwKTnSJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OrganismPartType</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwE01SZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RelationshipTypeByArity</a>. <p/> See the generalization <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rk8dxOFcGEdaLwgACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">SiblingDisjointSetOrCollectionType</a>. Also cf. the stronger notion of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWPoRpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DisjointCollectionType</a>. sibling disjoint collection type SiblingDisjointCollectionType ObjectType The collection of all collections that are &quot;object-like&quot; in at least one respect. A collection <code><b>COL</b></code> is object-like just in case there is some sense of 'part' according to which any (or nearly any) given proper part of an instance of <code><b>COL</b></code> is <i>not</i> itself an instance of <code><b>COL</b></code>; when this happens <code><b>COL</b></code> is said to be object-like with respect to that sense of 'part'. <p/> More precisely, for a collection <code><b>COL</b></code> to be an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a> it is sufficient that there be some specialization <code><b>PARTPRED</b></code> of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwgfukKs8QdePzLB9nLNpTw" class="cyc_term">properParts</a> such that, for any <code><b>OBJ1</b></code> and <code><b>OBJ2</b></code>, if <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> <b>OBJ1</b> <b>COL</b>)</code> and <code>(<b>PARTPRED</b> <b>OBJ1</b> <b>OBJ2</b>)</code> both hold, then <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> <b>OBJ2</b> <b>COL</b>)</code> does <i>not</i> hold. (Also sufficient for <code><b>COL</b></code>'s being an object-type is that there be some specialization <code><b>INVPARTPRED</b></code> of the <i>inverse</i> of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwgfukKs8QdePzLB9nLNpTw" class="cyc_term">properParts</a> (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWHsNJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">genlInverse</a>) such that <code>(<b>INVPARTPRED</b> <b>OBJ2</b> <b>OBJ1</b>)</code>, with everything else remaining the same as above.) Note that neither of the above sufficient conditions for <code><b>COL</b></code>'s being an object-type is strictly necessary: some exceptions are allowed. Thus as long as either one of the above conditionals holds in <i>nearly</i> all cases, <code><b>COL</b></code> should be considered an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a>. <p/> Here are two examples. Consider <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVwZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Automobile</a>. Take an instance of that, say my car. Now consider one of the proper <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj5FpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">physicalParts</a> of my car, say the steering wheel. The steering wheel is <i>not</i> an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVwZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Automobile</a>. And the same would be true for any proper physical part of any car. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVwZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Automobile</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a>. Consider <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjyV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalendarYear</a>. No proper <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a> of a year is itself a year. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjyV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalendarYear</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a>. <p/> See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVir35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StuffType</a> for the contrasting (though not disjoint) notion of being stuff-like. type of object AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType A collection of collections. Each instance <code><b>COL</b></code> of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rqEYnNVMqEdaSKAACs0x8nw" class="cyc_term">AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType</a> (<i>ANECT</i>) is a collection satisfying three conditions: (1) <code><b>COL</b></code> is disjoint with (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA45wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">disjointWith</a>) <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalThing</a>, (2) every instance <code><b>INST</b></code> of <code><b>COL</b></code> is an instance of <code><b>COL</b></code> essentially (i.e. <code><b>INST</b></code> is an instance of <code><b>COL</b></code>, and could not exist without being an instance of <code><b>COL</b></code>), and (3) condition (2) is a necessary truth about <code><b>COL</b></code>. <p/> Positive examples of ANECTs include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAzJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Collection</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVieEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Integer</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAzZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Relation</a> (each of which is a collection of atemporals and is such that, necessarily, all of its instances are in it essentially). Negative examples include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjpUZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SpatialThing</a> (though arguably it is necessary that all of its instances are essentially instances of it, it is not disjoint with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalThing</a>) and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP4FM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">UniqueAnatomicalPartType</a> (which, though disjoint with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalThing</a>, has instances, such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjvDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Heart</a>, that could exist even if they weren't instances of it; e.g. it might have been the case that every creature with a heart had at least two hearts). There are no known examples of Cyc-reified collections satisfying conditions (1) and (2) but not (3), but one can be contrived. Suppose that all of today's winning lottery numbers were primes. Now consider the collection: <p/> (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvrhK-JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CollectionUnionFn</a> (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjkdpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TheSet</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjrdZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PrimeNumber</a> <i>TodaysWinningLotteryNumbers</i>)) <p/> This collection is clearly disjoint with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalThing</a> and, by hypothesis, all of its instances are in it essentially (as each prime number is essentially a prime number). But this last fact is not <i>necessarily</i> true of this collection: the collection might have had instances that belonged to it only contingently (i.e. not essentially), as it might have been the case that one of today's winning lottery numbers was non-prime, and no number is such that it is essentially one of today's winning lottery numbers. <p/> When asserting that something is an instance or specialization of a given instance of ANECT, it is appropriate to do so in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r3_SgQU2iEdaCwAACs0x8nw" class="cyc_term">UniversalVocabularyMt</a> (q.v.). Indeed, ANECT was specially defined to facilitate the movement of appropriate assertions to that microtheory. <p/> Cf. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGeylLJTfEdqAAAACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">PragmaticallyDecontextualizedCollection</a>. type of atemporal collection in which membership is necessarily essential Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString type of language family Related groups of languages. LanguageFamilyType A collection of collections. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvubaMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ConventionalClassificationType</a> is a collection that corresponds to a category in some agreed-upon or conventional classification system (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwNgIyZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ClassificationSystem</a>) used by people. In such systems, a change or reclassification is possible by a decision of an authority, or by a changed social agreement or custom, without changing the intrinsic natures of the actual objects in the category. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvubaMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ConventionalClassificationType</a>s include categories in biological taxonomy, standard classifications in data dictionaries and thesauri, cultural taboo classes, military doctrinal classes, and named calendar intervals. ConventionalClassificationType conventional classification type A collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvtppU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CollectionType</a>s. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvprlOZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FacetingCollectionType</a> is a collection-type that &quot;facets&quot; -- i.e. stands in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvjldVJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">facets_Generic</a> (q.v.) relation to -- another collection. Examples include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVibOJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AutomobileTypeByBrand</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rANFO8Ec-EdaEKABQ2sS97g" class="cyc_term">MusicTypeByGenre</a>, which facet <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVwZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Automobile</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjOJpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Music</a>, respectively. faceting collection type FacetingCollectionType FacetInstanceCollection facet collection A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvtppU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CollectionType</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv1fLiZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FacetInstanceCollection</a> is a collection that is an instance of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvprlOZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FacetingCollectionType</a> (q.v.). For example, the facet-instance-collection (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rBVDJsPLMQdiZD5jLVkyKUw" class="cyc_term">WineOfVintageFn</a> (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjympwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">YearFn</a> 1926)) is an instance of the faceting-collection-type <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rWdpZhPLLQdiKEtsuZMndzQ" class="cyc_term">WineTypeByVintage</a>.