]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. punishing Punishing Elements of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViZKJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Punishing</a> are events which one agent does to another agent in return for some offense. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punishment will have penalized punished had penalized penalized had punished punish will have punished will punish penalizes have penalized penalizing has punished penalize will penalize punishes reprisals has penalized reprisal have punished A collection of events; a subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViZKJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Punishing</a>. In each <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4ry_UcWLjHEdmAAAACs6hRjg" class="cyc_term">AmercingSomeone</a>, someone punishes someone else with an arbitrary penalty. AmercingSomeone amercing A collection of events; a subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4ry9BP9ryZEdmAAAACs6hRjg" class="cyc_term">BanishingSomeone</a>. In each <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rKbNFPLybEdmAAAACs6hRjg" class="cyc_term">BanishingSomeoneFromAPlaceOfResidence</a>, someone bans someone else from a place of residence, as for punishment. BanishingSomeoneFromAPlaceOfResidence banishing DiscipliningSomeone A collection of events; a subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViZKJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Punishing</a>. In each <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rf4ANFLctEdmFRAACs6hRjg" class="cyc_term">DiscipliningSomeone</a>, someone punishes someone else in order to gain control or enforce obedience. disciplining Execution-Judicial execution A specialization of (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVibrpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">KillingFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rIcwFloGUQdeMlsOWYLFB2w" class="cyc_term">HomoSapiens</a>) and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViZKJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Punishing</a>. Each element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvlgftZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Execution_Judicial</a> is a judicially sanctioned action of putting a person to death as a punishment for some crime. Thus, it excludes Mafia 'hits' and euthanasia, even if the euthanasia is sanctioned by some part of the judicial system. castigating CastigatingSomeone A collection of events; a subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViZKJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Punishing</a>. In each <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwXeO-rjHEdmAAAACs6hRjg" class="cyc_term">CastigatingSomeone</a>, someone inflicts severe punishment on someone. Boycott-Economic boycott A collection of actions, a subset of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv7B1XJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EconomicAction</a>. In each instance, a group refuses to buy products or some type of product, e.g., grapes, or products originating from some area, e.g., <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkJaJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RepublicOfSouthAfrica</a>, or some agent, e.g., Nike, or some combination of the these, e.g., grapes from <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj295wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SouthernCalifornia</a>. A collection of events; a subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViZKJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Punishing</a>. In each <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r6STfKrjHEdmAAAACs6hRjg" class="cyc_term">ScourgingSomeone</a>, someone punishes severely; excoriates. ScourgingSomeone scourging The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvzQgo5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Caning</a>s, which involve the hitting of a person with a cane, stick, or similar object. Caning caning imposing sanctions The collection of all impositions of sanctions, each imposition being performed by an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a> upon another <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a> that has some formal relationship to the imposer. In events of this type, the main <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViADZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Event</a> is an official enactment by the imposer, calculated to lead to events that the recipient is presumed to dislike. For example, an organization imposes a fine on one of its members, a judge imposes sanctions on an errant lawyer before the court, the Roman Catholic Church excommunicates a miscreant parishioner, or the United Nations declares an oil embargo against a member-state. The purpose is either to punish the recipient for past disapproved behavior (as in criminal contempt of court, punishing rudeness or dishonesty) or to create an incentive for the recipient to improve future behavior (as in imprisonment for civil contempt of court, designed to force cooperation by a witness). The imposing <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a> may or may not have any legitimate legal authority to impose the sanction, and may or may not have any power of enforcing the sanction. An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJkj85wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ImposingSanctions</a> is the formal enactment rather than any later acts of enforcement. This concept is more specific than <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViZKJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Punishing</a> which includes spanking a baby, pistol-whipping a crime suspect, or retaliation bombing. ImposingSanctions PilloryingSomeone pillorying A collection of events; a subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViZKJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Punishing</a>. In each <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGLMaNrjDEdmAAAACs6hRjg" class="cyc_term">PilloryingSomeone</a>, someone punishes someone else by putting them in a pillory. VictimizingSomeone-Punishing A collection of events; a subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViZKJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Punishing</a>. In each <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r3ktw5rjHEdmAAAACs6hRjg" class="cyc_term">VictimizingSomeone_Punishing</a>, someone punishes someone else unjustly. victimizing DischargeWithPrejudice The collection of events in which employees are fired as a result of perceived incompetence or having a defective personality. firing Censuring-CommunicationAct censuring To harshly criticize, rebuke, or otherwise punish verbally or in writing.--BillJ, Feb. 5, 1998 A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a> (q.v.) whose instances are all and only those collections that are temporally object-like. A collection <code><b>COL</b></code> is temporally object-like just in case it generally holds that any proper purely temporal parts (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a>) of an instance of <code><b>COL</b></code> is not itself an instance of <code><b>COL</b></code>. More precisely, a collection <code><b>COL</b></code> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViq35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a> just in case it satisfies the following: For any distinct <code><b>OBJ1</b></code> and <code><b>OBJ2</b></code>, if <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> <b>OBJ1</b> <b>COL</b>)</code> and <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a> <b>OBJ1</b> <b>OBJ2</b>)</code>, then <i>not</i> <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> <b>OBJ2</b> <b>COL</b>)</code>. <p/> For example, none of the proper time-slices of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjyV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalendarYear</a> is itself a calendar year. Likewise for <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViYBpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TakingAStep</a>. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjyV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalendarYear</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViYBpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TakingAStep</a> are both instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViq35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a>. Conversely, a proper time-slice of a given <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVisWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Date</a> might itself be a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVisWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Date</a> (e.g. an hour has minutes and seconds as time-slices); so <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVisWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Date</a> is <i>not</i> a temporal-object-type. <p/> See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a> for the disjoint notion of being temporally stuff-like. TemporalObjectType temporal object type typical human activity type at least once TypicalHumanActivityType-AtLeastOnce The collection of specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViN65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HumanActivity</a> such that persons typically are involved in (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjFpZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">actors</a>) at least one instance of the activity type in their lifetime. A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVioQZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Action</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViGFZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AtLeastPartiallyMentalEvent</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVieP5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PurposefulAction</a> is an action consciously, volitionally, and purposefully done by (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVipYpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">performedBy</a>) at least one actor. intentional action PurposefulAction Punishing punishing Elements of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViZKJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Punishing</a> are events which one agent does to another agent in return for some offense. Punishing punishing Elements of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViZKJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Punishing</a> are events which one agent does to another agent in return for some offense. social event A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVieP5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PurposefulAction</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViNJ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CompositePhysicalAndMentalEvent</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViPO5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SocialOccurrence</a> is an action in which two or more agents take part. In many cases, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViPO5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SocialOccurrence</a>s involve communication among the participating agents. Some instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViPO5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SocialOccurrence</a> have very elaborate role structures (e.g. a typical lawsuit), while others have fairly simple role structures (e.g. greeting a colleague at work). SocialOccurrence Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString Punishing punishing Elements of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViZKJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Punishing</a> are events which one agent does to another agent in return for some offense. Punishing punishing Elements of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViZKJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Punishing</a> are events which one agent does to another agent in return for some offense.