]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJxiRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgram_CW</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViws5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystem</a> is a program that provides an environment in which a user can execute instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvyBIVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ApplicationProgram</a> (q.v.) on the hardware of a computer. That is, running copies of instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViws5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystem</a> serve as systems that look for and understand user commands, regulate how system resources are used by application programs, handle the internal operations of computers, and so on. Note that <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViws5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystem</a> is disjoint with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvyBIVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ApplicationProgram</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQ499ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystemKernel</a> (q.v.), and that together these three collections partition <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJxiRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgram_CW</a>. OperatingSystem operating system http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system operating systems A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViws5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystem</a>. It is the collection of all <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjegpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MicrosoftInc</a> operating systems. More general than <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvlngMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MSWindowsOperatingSystem</a> it includes all Windows and Dos operating systems. MSOperatingSystem Microsoft operating system UNIX operating system A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViws5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystem</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvwJcVZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">UnixOS</a> is an operating system derived from the original <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViHlJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Unix</a> operating system developed at Bell Labs in the 1960's. An important specialization of this collection is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwUCtxpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LinuxOS</a>. UnixOS Caldera OpenLinux Desktop A self-hosted Linux-based desktop operating system environment for developers who wish to create commercial, open source, or corporate applications that execute on platforms from clients to the data center. CalderaOpenLinuxDesktop CalderaEServer-TheProgram Caldera eServer A program published by Caldera and packaged with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv_SfEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Linux_Caldera</a>. System 7 System7 Cisco CatOS CiscoCatOS-OperatingSystem Lucent ComOS Published by Lucent. ComOS-OperatingSystem SequentDynix-OperatingSystem Sequent Dynix Domain-OperatingSystem Domain/OS <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv4xZcpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Domain_OperatingSystem</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViws5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystem</a> for use on instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwB6f6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ApolloComputer</a>. Microsoft Windows 2000 Workstation MicrosoftWindows2000 <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwSfFAJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RISCOS</a> is an operating system program developed by Acorn Software. RISCOS RISCOS System 7.6 System7-6 Version 7.6 of the Apple operating system. MacHTTP Server MacHTTPServer MicrosoftWindows95 Microsoft Windows 95 Digital VMS DigitalVMS-OperatingSystem Skunkware-OperatingSystem Skunkware 2.0 is a variant of the UNIX Operating System distributed by Santa Cruz Operations. SCO Skunkware MULTICS-OperatingSystem MULTICS <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv0cqMJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NovellNetWare_OperatingSystem</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViws5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystem</a> famous for the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVoM6JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FileServerProgram</a>s it supports. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv0cqMJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NovellNetWare_OperatingSystem</a> supports MS-DOS, Microsoft Windows, OS/2, Macintosh and Unix clients. NetWare for Unix lets users access Unix hosts. NetWare 2.2 is a 16-bit operating system, versions 4.x and 3.x are 32-bit operating systems. NovellNetWare-OperatingSystem Novell NetWare MSWindows2000Server Microsoft Windows 2000 Server OS/2 IBMOS2-OperatingSystem HPBasicOS HP BasicOS MS-DOS Operating system of IBM Personal Computers and clones. MS-DOS Tigris operating system software. Ericsson AXC Tigris MultiService Access Platform EricssonAXCTigris-OperatingSystem GuardianDigitalEngardeSecureLinux Guardian Digital Engarde Secure Linux System7-5 System 7.5 This unit represents the Symbolics operating system, Genera. Symbolics Genera SymbolicsGenera Lucent Portmaster LucentPortmaster-TheProgram System7-5-2 System 7.52 Version 7.5.2 of the Apple operating system. AtheOS AtheOS-TheProgram Mac OS 9 MacOS9 CompaqTru64 Compaq Tru64 QNX RTOS QNX-RTOS MSWindowsNTServerEnterpriseEdition Microsoft Windows NT Enterprise Server A high-end version of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPUSapwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MSWindowsNTServer</a>, with increased performance capabilities but essentially the same design, and therefore highly similar security-related issues. HP Secure OS software for Linux HPSecureOSsoftwareforLinux OpenVMS-TheProgram Compaq TCP/IP Services For OpenVMS MacOS Mac OS The family of operating system and user interface software produced by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjfjpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AppleInc</a> to run on <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViqupwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MacintoshComputer</a>s (and, briefly, mac clones). Xandros Corel Linux OS XandrosCorelLinuxOS Microsoft Windows XP 64-bit Edition MSWindowsXP-64bitEdition ReliantUNIX-TheProgram Reliant UNIX Cobalt Qube CobaltQube-OperatingSystem the GNU Operating System An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViws5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystem</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvuvDT5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GNU_OperatingSystem</a> is a complete free <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViHlJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Unix</a> -like <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViws5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystem</a> developed (and still under development) by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rveWD0pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GNUProject</a>. GNU-OperatingSystem IBMOS-400 IBM OS/400 CobaltLinux Cobalt Linux SVR-OperatingSystem AT&T's System V operating system. AT&T SVR4 CalderaOpenLinuxWorkstation Caldera OpenLinux Workstation ClumpOS-TheSoftwarePackage Mosix Project ClumpOS MacOSX Mac OS X PalmOS-OperatingSystem Palm OS Cisco iCDN CiscoiCDN Trolltechftpd Trolltech ftpd Version 7.5.1 of the Apple operating system. System 7.51 System7-5-1 GentooLinux Gentoo Linux ProgenyDebian Progeny Debian IBM OS/2 Warp Server IBMOS2WarpServer Cisco IOS CiscoIOS-OperatingSystem Fujitsu UXP/V FujitsuUXPV-OperatingSystem AppleOpenTransport-OperatingSystem Apple Open Transport TOPS-20 TOPS-20 DEC-20 operating system. MicrosoftWindows98 Microsoft Windows 98 An OS published by Hewlett Packard. HP MPE/iX MPE-iX-OperatingSystem Cisco CBOS CiscoCBOS-TheProgram RedHatPowertools RedHat Powertools IBMOS-390 IBM OS/390 MS-DOS-2-1 MS-DOS 2.1 HPApollo-OperatingSystem HP/Apollo The HP/Apollo operating system. Standard & Poors ComStock Standard & Poors operating system. It is based on RedHat 5.1. The ComStock MultiCSP machine is intended to provide a realtime stock quote stream. It runs a proprietary service called 'mcsp' to provide this service. These machines acquire their data via a leased line, or other dedicated data connection. SPComStock-OperatingSystem BeOS-OperatingSystem Not a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvwJcVZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">UnixOS</a>. Something like a Mac OS. A strange animal. BeOS CacheOS CacheOS HP-UX for VirtualVault HP-UX-VVOS MacOS8 Mac OS 8 A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwUCtxpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LinuxOS</a> derived by security-hardening <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvuGfGZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Linux_RedHat</a>. Immunix Linux-Immunix MicrosoftInterix Microsoft Interix MandrakeSoft Single Network Firewall MandrakeSoftSingleNetworkFirewall Unix-based operating system. Helios Helios W3CAmaya W3C Amaya CalderaOpenLinuxServer Caldera OpenLinux Server OS/360 OS360-OperatingSystem <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvvqNwpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OS360_OperatingSystem</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViws5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystem</a> developed by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjfTJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IBMInc</a> for use on its 360 mainframe computers. See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvYAOE5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IBM360Mainframe</a>. A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJxiRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgram_CW</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViws5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystem</a> is a program that provides an environment in which a user can execute instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvyBIVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ApplicationProgram</a> (q.v.) on the hardware of a computer. That is, running copies of instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViws5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystem</a> serve as systems that look for and understand user commands, regulate how system resources are used by application programs, handle the internal operations of computers, and so on. Note that <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViws5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystem</a> is disjoint with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvyBIVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ApplicationProgram</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQ499ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystemKernel</a> (q.v.), and that together these three collections partition <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJxiRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgram_CW</a>. OperatingSystem operating system A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJxiRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgram_CW</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViws5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystem</a> is a program that provides an environment in which a user can execute instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvyBIVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ApplicationProgram</a> (q.v.) on the hardware of a computer. That is, running copies of instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViws5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystem</a> serve as systems that look for and understand user commands, regulate how system resources are used by application programs, handle the internal operations of computers, and so on. Note that <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViws5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystem</a> is disjoint with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvyBIVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ApplicationProgram</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQ499ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystemKernel</a> (q.v.), and that together these three collections partition <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJxiRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgram_CW</a>. OperatingSystem operating system ComputerProgram-CW computer program A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv5L5vZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PropositionalConceptualWork</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQC9Y5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerFile_CW</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvcUMxZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SoftwareObject_Individual</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJxiRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgram_CW</a> is a deliberately created abstract object composed of propositions that together constitute a list of instructions for computers to execute. <p/> Example instances include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjYUZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Emacs_TheProgram</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rviFn3pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LinuxKernel_TheProgram</a>. <p/> Instances of this collection are distinct from computer code and from both running and installed programs. The instructions that comprise an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJxiRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgram_CW</a> can be expressed as abstract computer code (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwIZO5pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerCode</a>), but no list of instructions expressed in code constitutes an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJxiRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgram_CW</a>. Rather, the code in which an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJxiRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgram_CW</a> is expressed constitutes an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQGTzJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AbstractInformationStructure</a> that can be related to the program it expresses using the predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvu7HHpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">programCode</a>. More than one instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwIZO5pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerCode</a> can express the same instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJxiRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgram_CW</a>; for example, a single instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJxiRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgram_CW</a> can be written in source code (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rva7pXZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerCode_Source</a>) in several different computer languages, or it can be complied as a binary executable (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPrXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerCode_Binary</a>). A physical instantiation of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJxiRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgram_CW</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvwE_DpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgramCopy</a> which is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvkNufpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingThing</a> and is related to its <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJxiRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgram_CW</a> by the predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwSiusZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">programCopies</a>. An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJxiRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgram_CW</a> that is being executed is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj8AZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProcessRunning</a>, related to its <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJxiRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgram_CW</a> by the predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvu_4wZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">programOfProcess</a>. A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJxiRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgram_CW</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViws5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystem</a> is a program that provides an environment in which a user can execute instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvyBIVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ApplicationProgram</a> (q.v.) on the hardware of a computer. That is, running copies of instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViws5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystem</a> serve as systems that look for and understand user commands, regulate how system resources are used by application programs, handle the internal operations of computers, and so on. Note that <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViws5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystem</a> is disjoint with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvyBIVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ApplicationProgram</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQ499ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystemKernel</a> (q.v.), and that together these three collections partition <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJxiRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgram_CW</a>. OperatingSystem operating system type of computer program by function A collection of types of computer programs. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvrxE_ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgramTypeByFunction</a> is a collection of programs (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJxiRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgram_CW</a>) whose instances all serve a similar function and can be used for a similar purpose. This purpose might be very specific (see e.g. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rveW_XZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AutoLoanCalculatorProgram</a>) or more general (see e.g. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwGM3oZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FinancialProgram</a>). ComputerProgramTypeByFunction Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJxiRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgram_CW</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViws5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystem</a> is a program that provides an environment in which a user can execute instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvyBIVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ApplicationProgram</a> (q.v.) on the hardware of a computer. That is, running copies of instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViws5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystem</a> serve as systems that look for and understand user commands, regulate how system resources are used by application programs, handle the internal operations of computers, and so on. Note that <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViws5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystem</a> is disjoint with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvyBIVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ApplicationProgram</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQ499ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystemKernel</a> (q.v.), and that together these three collections partition <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJxiRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgram_CW</a>. OperatingSystem operating system A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJxiRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgram_CW</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViws5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystem</a> is a program that provides an environment in which a user can execute instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvyBIVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ApplicationProgram</a> (q.v.) on the hardware of a computer. That is, running copies of instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViws5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystem</a> serve as systems that look for and understand user commands, regulate how system resources are used by application programs, handle the internal operations of computers, and so on. Note that <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViws5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystem</a> is disjoint with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvyBIVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ApplicationProgram</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQ499ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystemKernel</a> (q.v.), and that together these three collections partition <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJxiRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgram_CW</a>. OperatingSystem operating system SoftwarePackage <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi8QJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SoftwarePackage</a> is the collection of programs composed of loosely coupled component programs, possibly including an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViws5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystem</a>, libraries, tool sets, or &quot;system software&quot;. software package