]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViACZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalRegion</a>. Each instance of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj2hZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalHemisphere</a> is a hemisphere that is the surface of a planet. hemisphere GeographicalHemisphere hemispheres SouthernHemisphere-Region the Southern Hemisphere The southern half of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkL_pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PlanetEarth</a>. The <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj5j5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SouthernHemisphere_Region</a> is the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj2hZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalHemisphere</a> that includes all of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjX8ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Argentina</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViUs5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Australia</a>, in the area between the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPzQjJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EarthsEquator</a> and the #$SouthPoleOfEarth. the Eastern Hemisphere The half of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkL_pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PlanetEarth</a> from the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwRFVJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PrimeMeridian_Greenwich</a> eastward to 180 degrees east longitude. EasternHemisphere-Region the Western Hemisphere The half of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkL_pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PlanetEarth</a> from the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwRFVJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PrimeMeridian_Greenwich</a> westward to 180 degrees west longitude. WesternHemisphere-Region the Northern Hemisphere The northern half of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkL_pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PlanetEarth</a>. The <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjPjpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NorthernHemisphere_Region</a> is the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj2hZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalHemisphere</a> that includes all of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjowpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Spain</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkCopwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Japan</a>, in the area between the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPzQjJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EarthsEquator</a> and the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPzRiJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AxialNorthPoleOfEarth</a>. NorthernHemisphere-Region A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViACZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalRegion</a>. Each instance of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj2hZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalHemisphere</a> is a hemisphere that is the surface of a planet. hemisphere GeographicalHemisphere A collection of collections. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj27ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a> (q.v.). Moreover, each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a> is a collection that is temporally stuff-like (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a>) but physically-spatially object-like (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a>) -- i.e. object-like with respect to some physical-spatial part-whole predicate (e.g. some specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r8a2smPXcQdiEoJhcx65EiQ" class="cyc_term">properPhysicalDecompositions</a>). Consider the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj27ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a>. Further, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a> is temporally stuff-like: any one of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a> of a given copy <code>COPY</code> of (say) "Moby Dick" is still a copy of "Moby Dick". (Most collections of tangible objects are temporally stuff-like in this way.) But <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a> is spatially object-like: if we take a scalpel and slice <code>COPY</code> into ten pieces, each piece is not a copy of "Moby Dick". So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a>. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVir35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StuffType</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVny6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingStuffType</a>. ExistingObjectType type of object A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViACZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalRegion</a>. Each instance of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj2hZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalHemisphere</a> is a hemisphere that is the surface of a planet. hemisphere GeographicalHemisphere geographical region GeographicalRegion A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLjlAJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalThing</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkDZZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SurfaceRegion_Tangible</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViACZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalRegion</a> is a tangible spatial region that includes some piece of the surface of a planet (usually <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkL_pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PlanetEarth</a>), and may be represented on a map of the planet. This includes purely topographical regions like mountains and underwater spaces, places defined by demographics (e.g. language areas) and territory otherwise demarcated (e.g. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPvi0JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TimeZone</a>s). In "dualist" geopolitical contexts (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvnCA15wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DualistGeopoliticalMt</a>, instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjl2pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeopoliticalEntity</a> are also considered to be instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViACZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalRegion</a>. In all cases the region in question must contain some tangible component with which it is possible to make physical contact. The instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViACZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalRegion</a> contrast in this respect with the instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvc-YsJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalThing_Intangible</a>, which are wholly intangible. Examples of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViACZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalRegion</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjOO5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RockyMountainStates_USRegion</a>, the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv9tl95wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ContinentOfAustralia</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViO4pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SinaiPeninsula</a>, and -- in "dualist" geopolitical contexts -- <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViC4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">YaleUniversity</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBlpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CityOfPittsburghPA</a>. Some important types of regions are represented by the sub-collections <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj3CJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LanguageArea</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPvi0JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TimeZone</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWdbEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PostalCodeRegion</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjKJ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EcologicalRegion</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP2CrJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ConstructionSite</a>, and -- in "dualist" geopolitical contexts -- <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjl2pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeopoliticalEntity</a>. No instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViACZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalRegion</a> are wholly indoor locations. A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViACZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalRegion</a>. Each instance of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj2hZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalHemisphere</a> is a hemisphere that is the surface of a planet. hemisphere GeographicalHemisphere Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r6-wc8BKxEdeIXwCgydofLQ" class="cyc_term">CartographicFeatureType</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjTtJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Place</a> whose instances are often displayed on maps or conceptualized cartographically. CartographicFeatureType cartographic feature type A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViACZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalRegion</a>. Each instance of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj2hZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalHemisphere</a> is a hemisphere that is the surface of a planet. hemisphere GeographicalHemisphere A collection of collections and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a> (q.v.). Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a> is a collection C of spatial things (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjpUZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SpatialThing</a>), where each of the spatial things in C is spatially disjoint with the other spatial things in C. For example, the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Dog</a> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a>, since dogs do not spatially overlap. Even pregnant dogs do not spatially overlap the pups they bear; rather, pregnant dogs contain their unborn pups. Other instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwVGrQ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LatitudeLine</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvW4n1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CompactDisc_Audio</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwR7UWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PlanetaryBody</a>. An important specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a> is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjlE5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointRegionType</a> (a collection of specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViACZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalRegion</a>, such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjnZ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">City</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwT-n15wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TrueContinent</a>). spatially disjoint object type SpatiallyDisjointObjectType