]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. Stimulant stimulant Consumable substances that stimulate the fight-or-flight syndrome and speed the metabolism. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stimulant upper uppers stimulants Cocaine cocaine <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv2VFupwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cocaine</a> is a naturally occurring substance present in the leaves of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVivSJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CocaPlant</a>. Pharmacologically, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv2VFupwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cocaine</a> has two prominent actions: it is a potent <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVoehJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LocalAnesthetic</a>, and it is a powerful <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjC2pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stimulant</a>. Psychotropically, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv2VFupwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cocaine</a> inhibits the re-uptake of dopamine in the brain, causing alertness and heightened energy, a sense of euphoria, decreased anxiety and social inhibitions, and heightened sexuality. Side-effects include addiction, anxiety, depression, irritability, extreme fatigue, and possibly paranoia. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv2VFupwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cocaine</a> has been used in South America for more than 3,000 years and in the United States since the 19th century in a variety of forms: coca leaves, coca paste, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwVg8HZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cocaine_Powder</a>, and cocaine base (e.g., freebase and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwAhDipwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cocaine_Crack</a>). methylene dioxymethamphetamine: an amphetamine derivative, C11H15NO2, that reduces inhibitions and that was used in psychotherapy until it was banned in the U.S. in 1985. It is currently used typically by young adults and adolescents at clubs, raves, and rock concerts. MDMA-TheStimulant methylene dioxymethamphetamine Caffeine A popular alkaloid stimulant, found in tea, coffee, soft drinks, matte, and various other consumables. caffeine Drugs which are used to reduce the appetite while dieting and/or to treat colds or hay fever. Amphetamine amphetamine Nicotine nicotine A popular alkaloid stimulant, found in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVisYZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Tobacco</a> Didrex A CNS stimulant commonly used for the short-term treatment of obesity. DidrexProduct ManufacturedGoods product The collection of all <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkH_ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Artifact</a>s that are made or processed in large-scale industrial operations for distribution (normally sale) to agents outside the manufacturing organization. This includes manufactured stuff, e.g. Finlandia vodka; refined ore, e.g. iron; otherwise procesed natural material, e.g. cut diamonds, as well as manufactured objects. This collection excludes handicrafts; privately made stuff, e.g. moonshine; and other artifacts produced by one or a few people on a small scale. Stimulant Consumable substances that stimulate the fight-or-flight syndrome and speed the metabolism. stimulant Stimulant Consumable substances that stimulate the fight-or-flight syndrome and speed the metabolism. stimulant DrugSubstance drug A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj27ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv8FjPpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DrugSubstance</a> is something that can be introduced into an organism's body to produce certain physiological effects. This collection includes naturally-occurring substances, as well as manufactured substances (for the latter, see the specialization <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViu95wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DrugProduct</a>). TherapeuticClassType therapeutic class type Instances are classes of drugs grouped by mode of action and diseases they are commonly used to treat. Stimulant Consumable substances that stimulate the fight-or-flight syndrome and speed the metabolism. stimulant Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString Stimulant Consumable substances that stimulate the fight-or-flight syndrome and speed the metabolism. stimulant Stimulant Consumable substances that stimulate the fight-or-flight syndrome and speed the metabolism. stimulant