]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. The collection of all actions wherein a phone call is made by inputting a multi-digit telephone number to a phone system. It includes both cases where the phone call is 'successful' in the sense that the person whom the caller is trying to contact is contacted, and cases where the call is 'unsuccessful', insofar as the call does not succeed in reaching its intended recipient for any one of a variety of reasons. The call must, however, actually be 'placed'--dialing must be successfully completed. Cases where the full number is not dialed do not count as instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjD4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a>. The collection includes instances where the call is placed manually, by a human agent picking up a receiver and hitting buttons or dialing a rotary dial, and cases where the call is placed electronically, e.g., via a modem. In cases where an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjD4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a> is successful for the agent placing the call, the instance will figure as the initiating subevent in an instance of (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwUz5JZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CommunicatingByMeansOfFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjTBZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Telephone</a>). As a rule, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjD4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a> will consist of a complete 'dialing' and an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rviBwRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EstablishingAPhoneLink</a>. If the placer of the call is human, the instance will usually include an initial act of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv1wrDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PickingUpATelephoneReceiver</a>. MakingAPhoneCall calling http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_phone had rung will have called phoned ring will have phoned will call had telephoned have phoned phone calls phones phoning ringing telephoned had called has telephoned rung telephones have rung will have telephoned has phoned rings have called will telephone will phone has called has rung telephone called will ring will have rung rang call have telephoned had phoned telephoning making A cellular call MakingACellularCall The collection of events in which a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjj6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CellularTelephone</a> is used to make a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjD4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a>. A collection of events. In each instance of MakingALocalCall, the caller uses a Telephone to call a number for which no long-distance charges apply. MakingALocalCall making a local call Trying to sell something over the telephone. MakingASalesPhoneCall making a sales call communicating by telephone (CommunicatingByMeansOfFn Telephone) A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a> (q.v.) whose instances are all and only those collections that are temporally object-like. A collection <code><b>COL</b></code> is temporally object-like just in case it generally holds that any proper purely temporal parts (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a>) of an instance of <code><b>COL</b></code> is not itself an instance of <code><b>COL</b></code>. More precisely, a collection <code><b>COL</b></code> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViq35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a> just in case it satisfies the following: For any distinct <code><b>OBJ1</b></code> and <code><b>OBJ2</b></code>, if <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> <b>OBJ1</b> <b>COL</b>)</code> and <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a> <b>OBJ1</b> <b>OBJ2</b>)</code>, then <i>not</i> <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> <b>OBJ2</b> <b>COL</b>)</code>. <p/> For example, none of the proper time-slices of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjyV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalendarYear</a> is itself a calendar year. Likewise for <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViYBpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TakingAStep</a>. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjyV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalendarYear</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViYBpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TakingAStep</a> are both instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViq35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a>. Conversely, a proper time-slice of a given <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVisWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Date</a> might itself be a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVisWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Date</a> (e.g. an hour has minutes and seconds as time-slices); so <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVisWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Date</a> is <i>not</i> a temporal-object-type. <p/> See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a> for the disjoint notion of being temporally stuff-like. TemporalObjectType temporal object type The collection of all actions wherein a phone call is made by inputting a multi-digit telephone number to a phone system. It includes both cases where the phone call is 'successful' in the sense that the person whom the caller is trying to contact is contacted, and cases where the call is 'unsuccessful', insofar as the call does not succeed in reaching its intended recipient for any one of a variety of reasons. The call must, however, actually be 'placed'--dialing must be successfully completed. Cases where the full number is not dialed do not count as instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjD4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a>. The collection includes instances where the call is placed manually, by a human agent picking up a receiver and hitting buttons or dialing a rotary dial, and cases where the call is placed electronically, e.g., via a modem. In cases where an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjD4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a> is successful for the agent placing the call, the instance will figure as the initiating subevent in an instance of (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwUz5JZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CommunicatingByMeansOfFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjTBZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Telephone</a>). As a rule, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjD4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a> will consist of a complete 'dialing' and an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rviBwRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EstablishingAPhoneLink</a>. If the placer of the call is human, the instance will usually include an initial act of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv1wrDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PickingUpATelephoneReceiver</a>. MakingAPhoneCall calling <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rZOAVeiYGEdqAAAACs2IMmw" class="cyc_term">broaderTerm</a> <b>TERM1</b> <b>TERM2</b>)</code> means that <code><b>TERM2</b></code> is <i>broader</i> than <code><b>TERM1</b></code>, in an extremely general sense of &quot;broader&quot;. For example, <code><b>TERM2</b></code> is, in the relevant sense, broader than <code><b>TERM1</b></code> if any of the following hold:<br><br> <code><b>TERM2</b></code> is a collection that subsumes <code><b>TERM1</b></code>; <br> <code><b>TERM2</b></code> is a collection that has <code><b>TERM1</b></code> as an instance; <br> <code><b>TERM2</b></code> is a collection, instances of which have instances of the collection <code><b>TERM1</b></code> as parts; <br> <code><b>TERM2</b></code> has <code><b>TERM1</b></code> as a part; <br><br> This list of reasons for why <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rZOAVeiYGEdqAAAACs2IMmw" class="cyc_term">broaderTerm</a> <b>TERM1</b> <b>TERM2</b>)</code> could hold is not exhaustive, but it should give a good indication of how general the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rZOAVeiYGEdqAAAACs2IMmw" class="cyc_term">broaderTerm</a> relation actually is. BT broaderTerm The collection of all actions wherein a phone call is made by inputting a multi-digit telephone number to a phone system. It includes both cases where the phone call is 'successful' in the sense that the person whom the caller is trying to contact is contacted, and cases where the call is 'unsuccessful', insofar as the call does not succeed in reaching its intended recipient for any one of a variety of reasons. The call must, however, actually be 'placed'--dialing must be successfully completed. Cases where the full number is not dialed do not count as instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjD4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a>. The collection includes instances where the call is placed manually, by a human agent picking up a receiver and hitting buttons or dialing a rotary dial, and cases where the call is placed electronically, e.g., via a modem. In cases where an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjD4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a> is successful for the agent placing the call, the instance will figure as the initiating subevent in an instance of (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwUz5JZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CommunicatingByMeansOfFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjTBZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Telephone</a>). As a rule, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjD4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a> will consist of a complete 'dialing' and an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rviBwRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EstablishingAPhoneLink</a>. If the placer of the call is human, the instance will usually include an initial act of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv1wrDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PickingUpATelephoneReceiver</a>. MakingAPhoneCall calling The collection of all actions wherein a phone call is made by inputting a multi-digit telephone number to a phone system. It includes both cases where the phone call is 'successful' in the sense that the person whom the caller is trying to contact is contacted, and cases where the call is 'unsuccessful', insofar as the call does not succeed in reaching its intended recipient for any one of a variety of reasons. The call must, however, actually be 'placed'--dialing must be successfully completed. Cases where the full number is not dialed do not count as instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjD4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a>. The collection includes instances where the call is placed manually, by a human agent picking up a receiver and hitting buttons or dialing a rotary dial, and cases where the call is placed electronically, e.g., via a modem. In cases where an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjD4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a> is successful for the agent placing the call, the instance will figure as the initiating subevent in an instance of (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwUz5JZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CommunicatingByMeansOfFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjTBZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Telephone</a>). As a rule, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjD4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a> will consist of a complete 'dialing' and an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rviBwRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EstablishingAPhoneLink</a>. If the placer of the call is human, the instance will usually include an initial act of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv1wrDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PickingUpATelephoneReceiver</a>. MakingAPhoneCall calling The collection of all actions wherein a phone call is made by inputting a multi-digit telephone number to a phone system. It includes both cases where the phone call is 'successful' in the sense that the person whom the caller is trying to contact is contacted, and cases where the call is 'unsuccessful', insofar as the call does not succeed in reaching its intended recipient for any one of a variety of reasons. The call must, however, actually be 'placed'--dialing must be successfully completed. Cases where the full number is not dialed do not count as instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjD4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a>. The collection includes instances where the call is placed manually, by a human agent picking up a receiver and hitting buttons or dialing a rotary dial, and cases where the call is placed electronically, e.g., via a modem. In cases where an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjD4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a> is successful for the agent placing the call, the instance will figure as the initiating subevent in an instance of (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwUz5JZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CommunicatingByMeansOfFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjTBZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Telephone</a>). As a rule, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjD4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a> will consist of a complete 'dialing' and an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rviBwRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EstablishingAPhoneLink</a>. If the placer of the call is human, the instance will usually include an initial act of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv1wrDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PickingUpATelephoneReceiver</a>. MakingAPhoneCall calling Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString telephone use (UsingAFn Telephone) The collection of all actions wherein a phone call is made by inputting a multi-digit telephone number to a phone system. It includes both cases where the phone call is 'successful' in the sense that the person whom the caller is trying to contact is contacted, and cases where the call is 'unsuccessful', insofar as the call does not succeed in reaching its intended recipient for any one of a variety of reasons. The call must, however, actually be 'placed'--dialing must be successfully completed. Cases where the full number is not dialed do not count as instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjD4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a>. The collection includes instances where the call is placed manually, by a human agent picking up a receiver and hitting buttons or dialing a rotary dial, and cases where the call is placed electronically, e.g., via a modem. In cases where an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjD4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a> is successful for the agent placing the call, the instance will figure as the initiating subevent in an instance of (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwUz5JZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CommunicatingByMeansOfFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjTBZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Telephone</a>). As a rule, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjD4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a> will consist of a complete 'dialing' and an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rviBwRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EstablishingAPhoneLink</a>. If the placer of the call is human, the instance will usually include an initial act of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv1wrDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PickingUpATelephoneReceiver</a>. MakingAPhoneCall calling The collection of all actions wherein a phone call is made by inputting a multi-digit telephone number to a phone system. It includes both cases where the phone call is 'successful' in the sense that the person whom the caller is trying to contact is contacted, and cases where the call is 'unsuccessful', insofar as the call does not succeed in reaching its intended recipient for any one of a variety of reasons. The call must, however, actually be 'placed'--dialing must be successfully completed. Cases where the full number is not dialed do not count as instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjD4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a>. The collection includes instances where the call is placed manually, by a human agent picking up a receiver and hitting buttons or dialing a rotary dial, and cases where the call is placed electronically, e.g., via a modem. In cases where an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjD4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a> is successful for the agent placing the call, the instance will figure as the initiating subevent in an instance of (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwUz5JZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CommunicatingByMeansOfFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjTBZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Telephone</a>). As a rule, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjD4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a> will consist of a complete 'dialing' and an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rviBwRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EstablishingAPhoneLink</a>. If the placer of the call is human, the instance will usually include an initial act of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv1wrDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PickingUpATelephoneReceiver</a>. MakingAPhoneCall calling SingleDoerAction action with only one performer A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVioQZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Action</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP1IRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SingleDoerAction</a> is an action which can have only one &quot;doer&quot; (see the predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP1HmJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a>). Such actions may be intentional, but they need not be. Most bodily functions (e.g., the instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViYhJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Heartbeating</a> or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjPypwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Bleeding_TheAction</a>) belong to specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP1IRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SingleDoerAction</a>, because the only doer of a normal bodily function is the body of a single agent. In order for a type of action (i.e., a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVioQZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Action</a>) to be a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP1IRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SingleDoerAction</a>, it must be inconsistent to assert, for any instance <code><b>ACT</b></code> of that type of action, both <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP1HmJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a> <b>ACT</b> <b>X</b>)</code> and <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP1HmJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a> <b>ACT</b> <b>Y</b>)</code>, where <code><b>X</b></code> and <code><b>Y</b></code> are different. Notable specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP1IRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SingleDoerAction</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjSm5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sleeping</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkJU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Dying</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjXfZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalWalkingProcess</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViMp5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WritingByHand</a>. learned activity LearnedActivityType This is the collection of activities which must first be learned before they can be performed--i.e., before any role which is a specPred of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP1HmJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a> can be played.