]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. milk Milk The collection of all volumes of mammalian milk. Each instance of this collection is fluid secreted from the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv7Z0sZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Teat</a> of a female <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVimKJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mammal</a>, or a mixture of such fluid from several teats. Cow's milk which is pasturized is described by the more specific collection, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3fpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CowsMilk_Product</a>. mammalian milk mammal milk http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milk (MilkFn Cow) milk of female bovines milk Milk The collection of all volumes of mammalian milk. Each instance of this collection is fluid secreted from the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv7Z0sZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Teat</a> of a female <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVimKJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mammal</a>, or a mixture of such fluid from several teats. Cow's milk which is pasturized is described by the more specific collection, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3fpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CowsMilk_Product</a>. <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rZOAVeiYGEdqAAAACs2IMmw" class="cyc_term">broaderTerm</a> TERM1 TERM2)</code> means that <code>TERM2</code> is broader than <code>TERM1</code>, in an extremely general sense of "broader". For example, <code>TERM2</code> is, in the relevant sense, broader than <code>TERM1</code> if any of the following hold: <code>TERM2</code> is a collection that subsumes <code>TERM1</code>; <code>TERM2</code> is a collection that has <code>TERM1</code> as an instance; <code>TERM2</code> is a collection, instances of which have instances of the collection <code>TERM1</code> as parts; <code>TERM2</code> has <code>TERM1</code> as a part; This list of reasons for why <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rZOAVeiYGEdqAAAACs2IMmw" class="cyc_term">broaderTerm</a> TERM1 TERM2)</code> could hold is not exhaustive, but it should give a good indication of how general the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rZOAVeiYGEdqAAAACs2IMmw" class="cyc_term">broaderTerm</a> relation actually is. BT broaderTerm A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkEXpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Coffee_Beverage</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rEhsGXEIxQdiWoJEmZytFrQ" class="cyc_term">Mocha_CoffeeDrink</a> is a coffee drink made with espresso, chocolate, and steamed (but not frothed) milk. Mocha-CoffeeDrink mocha cappuccino Cappuccino A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkEXpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Coffee_Beverage</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rVUVxmiqlQdiJD-zYDxzdBw" class="cyc_term">Cappuccino</a> is a coffee beverage made from espresso and frothed milk. An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvgDEAJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TangibleStuffStateType</a> and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjR45wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FluidTangibleThing</a>; the collection of all portions of liquid. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjSoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LiquidTangibleThing</a> is a tangible thing that has similar properties to those exhibited by things in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkJSJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Liquid_StateOfMatter</a>. Specifically, its volume is relatively constant at varying pressures, and it freely changes shape (e.g. to conform to the shape of its container). Liquids can never be said to break. Note that not all <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjSoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LiquidTangibleThing</a>s are in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkJSJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Liquid_StateOfMatter</a> : state-of-matter attributes (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViRCJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MatterTypeByPhysicalState</a>) apply only to quantities consisting of a single type of substance, whereas liquids can be mixtures of different substances. Examples of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjSoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LiquidTangibleThing</a>s include all substances in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkJSJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Liquid_StateOfMatter</a>, such as the water in a room-temperature glass of beer; liquid/liquid mixtures like the beer itself; solutions of solids in liquids, such as sea water; emulsions, such as milk; and suspensions of solids in liquids, like blood. Compare <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjR45wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FluidTangibleThing</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjFK5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GaseousTangibleThing</a>. liquid LiquidTangibleThing milk Milk The collection of all volumes of mammalian milk. Each instance of this collection is fluid secreted from the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv7Z0sZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Teat</a> of a female <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVimKJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mammal</a>, or a mixture of such fluid from several teats. Cow's milk which is pasturized is described by the more specific collection, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3fpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CowsMilk_Product</a>. milk Milk The collection of all volumes of mammalian milk. Each instance of this collection is fluid secreted from the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv7Z0sZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Teat</a> of a female <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVimKJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mammal</a>, or a mixture of such fluid from several teats. Cow's milk which is pasturized is described by the more specific collection, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3fpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CowsMilk_Product</a>. milk Milk The collection of all volumes of mammalian milk. Each instance of this collection is fluid secreted from the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv7Z0sZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Teat</a> of a female <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVimKJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mammal</a>, or a mixture of such fluid from several teats. Cow's milk which is pasturized is described by the more specific collection, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3fpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CowsMilk_Product</a>. milk Milk The collection of all volumes of mammalian milk. Each instance of this collection is fluid secreted from the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv7Z0sZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Teat</a> of a female <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVimKJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mammal</a>, or a mixture of such fluid from several teats. Cow's milk which is pasturized is described by the more specific collection, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3fpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CowsMilk_Product</a>. tangible stuff type TangibleStuffCompositionType A collection of collections and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVny6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingStuffType</a>. Instances are subcollections of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj27ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a> whose membership is based only on the physical and/or chemical composition of their instances. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViGSpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TangibleStuffCompositionType</a> does not have as instances collections whose instances are determined _solely_ by the physical state they are in -- for that, see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvgDEAJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TangibleStuffStateType</a>. However, many substances that chemically break down before melting (e.g. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjc_ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FattyTissue</a>) _are_ included in this collection, even though they exist solely in one physical state. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjAHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Water</a> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViGSpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TangibleStuffCompositionType</a>, as instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjAHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Water</a> are all pieces of substance with the chemical composition H20. On the other hand , the collection of all pieces of ice (i.e. (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPzX0JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SolidFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjAHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Water</a>)) is not a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViGSpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TangibleStuffCompositionType</a>, because membership in that collection depends on the substance's composition _and_ on its physical state. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVikqZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TalcumPowder</a> is not an instance of this collection because a fused mass of the substance would no longer be powder, but would still be of the same <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViGSpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TangibleStuffCompositionType</a>. Further instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViGSpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TangibleStuffCompositionType</a> are <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi30pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Nylon</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjxdpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GasolineFuel</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjc_ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FattyTissue</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj8apwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Nitrogen</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViG-5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Glass</a>. An important specialization of this collection is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ChemicalSubstanceType</a> -- those substance types defined solely by their chemical formulae. latte A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkEXpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Coffee_Beverage</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv_U59kIwQdicvOJdINmooQ" class="cyc_term">Latte</a> is a coffee drink made with espresso and steamed (but not frothed) milk. Cf. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rVUVxmiqlQdiJD-zYDxzdBw" class="cyc_term">Cappuccino</a>. Latte Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString bodily secretion The collection of all <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjVWpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NaturalTangibleStuff</a> secreted by an organism's body. There are a wide variety of bodily secretions, including <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi9AZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Hormone</a>s, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjHq5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mucus</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjEypwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InsulinTheSecretion</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvgC-zpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Semen</a>. Secretions may be deposited either within the body (e.g., <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjGI5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BileTheSecretion</a>) or outside of it (e.g., <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjJtZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sweat</a>). Note: Secretions are different from <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjLQpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExcretionSubstance</a> in that secretions are not necessarily waste products. E.g., they may be a release of pheromones to attract a mate, a layer of sweat to cool off the organism, a layer of nectar to attract bees, etc. Some subsets of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjHaZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Secretion_Bodily</a>, such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjJtZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sweat</a>, are also subsets of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjLQpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExcretionSubstance</a> (i.e., wastes). Secretion-Bodily