]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. computer hardware An element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi84ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ProductTypeByMarketCategory</a>. Each element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjYD5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerHardwareMarketCategory</a> is a computer hardware item, either a computer, computer component, or peripheral device for computers. ComputerHardwareMarketCategory http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_hardware (CollectionIntersection2Fn ComputerHardwareMarketCategory (GroupFn SystemOfDevices)) computer hardware The collection of all computer hardware. A type of group of system of devices and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjYD5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerHardwareMarketCategory</a>. A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rAmoSCGJbQdiSXZJvYiNhkQ" class="cyc_term">CycVocabularyTopic</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rtGXkHpNaEdqAAAACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">KBDependentCollection</a>. products and marketing financial topic ProductsAndMarketing-Financial-Topic A collection of collections. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj27ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a> (q.v.). Moreover, each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a> is a collection that is temporally stuff-like (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a>) but physically-spatially object-like (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a>) -- i.e. object-like with respect to some physical-spatial part-whole predicate (e.g. some specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r8a2smPXcQdiEoJhcx65EiQ" class="cyc_term">properPhysicalDecompositions</a>). <p/> Consider the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj27ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a>. Further, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a> is temporally stuff-like: any one of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a> of a given copy <code><b>COPY</b></code> of (say) &quot;Moby Dick&quot; is still a copy of &quot;Moby Dick&quot;. (Most collections of tangible objects are temporally stuff-like in this way.) But <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a> is spatially <i>object-like</i>: if we take a scalpel and slice <code><b>COPY</b></code> into ten pieces, each piece is not a copy of &quot;Moby Dick&quot;. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a>. <p/> See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVir35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StuffType</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVny6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingStuffType</a>. ExistingObjectType type of object computer hardware ComputerHardwareMarketCategory An element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi84ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ProductTypeByMarketCategory</a>. Each element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjYD5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerHardwareMarketCategory</a> is a computer hardware item, either a computer, computer component, or peripheral device for computers. PhysicalDevice device A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjPmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SolidTangibleArtifact</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvmfXlJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectWithUse</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjHL5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PhysicalDevice</a> is an artifact with a relatively rigid, set shape, designed for a specific use or to perform a specific function. Specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjHL5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PhysicalDevice</a> thus include (among others) <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjT95wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RoadVehicle</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjXLZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Motorboat</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVig-pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HandTool</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj1epwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PlumbingFixture</a>. Note that artifacts which are only to be viewed or can only be &quot;used&quot; in a very loose or metaphorical sense, such as instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvgD3u5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Buoy</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVis2pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sculpture</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVicQZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FlowerBed</a>, or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViflJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Billboard</a>, are <i>not</i> instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjHL5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PhysicalDevice</a>. Moreover, artifacts which have a specific use or function, but which do not have a relatively rigid, set shape are <i>not</i> instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjHL5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PhysicalDevice</a>; for this reason, neither <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjxdpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GasolineFuel</a> nor <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVifm5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AntiFreeze</a> are specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjHL5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PhysicalDevice</a>. A collection of collections. Each element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi84ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ProductTypeByMarketCategory</a> is a collection of items that are commonly offered for sale in the same (type of) store, (type of) section of a store, or (type of) catalog. A specialty store might be devoted to a single element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi84ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ProductTypeByMarketCategory</a>. The basis for a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi84ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ProductTypeByMarketCategory</a> includes both (1) different brands or variations of a certain kind of product (e.g., hosiery or hammers); and (2) products that are often used together (e.g., kitchen pans and cooking utensils). Thus, members of a single market category collection need not have any intrinsic similarity; they may simply be things that are often used or purchased together. For example, work gloves, a soft clothing item, are usually found with hardware or gardening tools. Commonly, a single element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi84ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ProductTypeByMarketCategory</a> will include elements of several instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjKkZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ProductType</a> as members; e.g., many brief cases, suit cases, garment bags, trunks, etc., will all be marketed as instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViTL5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LuggageMarketCategory</a> Elements of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjKkZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ProductType</a> are related to their <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi84ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ProductTypeByMarketCategory</a> by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj24ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">insMarketedAs</a>. <p/> Note that <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViPwJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Briefcase</a> et al. are not specs of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViTL5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LuggageMarketCategory</a>; instances of them are merely marketed as such. <p/> Examples of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi84ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ProductTypeByMarketCategory</a>: <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQr0i5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BuildingMaterial</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkF7JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HealthAndBeautyMarketCategory</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjuuJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BooksAndMagazinesMarketCategory</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjmkZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ElectricalSupplyMarketCategory</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjlxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AutoSoundMarketCategory</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi9Y5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HouseholdFurnishingsMC</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj8VpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OfficeProductMarketCategory</a>. market category ProductTypeByMarketCategory A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkFYpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Product</a>. Each instance of this collection is a product somehow associated with computers. The collection includes computer hardware and software as well as supplies that are used with computers such as magnetic media, printer paper, cables, etc. Important specializations of this collection are <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViQ2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerHardwareItem</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjnhJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerSoftwareMarketCategory</a>. ComputerMarketCategory computer product computer hardware ComputerHardwareMarketCategory An element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi84ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ProductTypeByMarketCategory</a>. Each element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjYD5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerHardwareMarketCategory</a> is a computer hardware item, either a computer, computer component, or peripheral device for computers. DurableGood A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjElJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SolidTangibleThing</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjPV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DurableGood</a> is a solid thing that an agent can, and under normal conditions will, use (for some purpose or other) for a number of years. Notable specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjPV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DurableGood</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvk3sS5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Clothing_Generic</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirIJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Ship</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvyNjbZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Roadway</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj7KJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Building</a>. consumer durable A collection of collections and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a> (q.v.). Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a> is a collection C of spatial things (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjpUZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SpatialThing</a>), where each of the spatial things in C is spatially disjoint with the other spatial things in C. <p/> For example, the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Dog</a> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a>, since dogs do not spatially overlap. Even pregnant dogs do not spatially overlap the pups they bear; rather, pregnant dogs contain their unborn pups. Other instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwVGrQ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LatitudeLine</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvW4n1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CompactDisc_Audio</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwR7UWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PlanetaryBody</a>. An important specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a> is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjlE5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointRegionType</a> (a collection of specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViACZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalRegion</a>, such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjnZ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">City</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwT-n15wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TrueContinent</a>). spatially disjoint object type SpatiallyDisjointObjectType computer hardware ComputerHardwareMarketCategory An element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi84ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ProductTypeByMarketCategory</a>. Each element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjYD5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerHardwareMarketCategory</a> is a computer hardware item, either a computer, computer component, or peripheral device for computers. computer hardware ComputerHardwareMarketCategory An element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi84ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ProductTypeByMarketCategory</a>. Each element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjYD5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerHardwareMarketCategory</a> is a computer hardware item, either a computer, computer component, or peripheral device for computers.