]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. News news A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAqJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PropositionalInformationThing</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjb0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">News</a> consists of some factual information about recent events in the world (or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNiZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">geographicalSubRegions</a> thereof). News is commonly embodied in newspapers and communicated through radio and television news broadcasts. Note that <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjb0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">News</a> does not include as instances any instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwEdlDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NewsArticle</a> (q.v.). Rather, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjb0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">News</a> might be the content of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwEdlDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NewsArticle</a>, and could be the content of distinct <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwEdlDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NewsArticle</a>s http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/News news about weather (NewsFn WeatherEvent) (NewsFn SportsEvent) sports news A collection of abstract (intangible) informational items; a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjb0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">News</a>. A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwUVRv5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WeatherNews</a> consists of information about recent, current or future <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi2eZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WeatherEvent</a>s. Typically disseminated via TV or radio broadcasts, the internet, or newspapers. weather news WeatherNews headline The collection of all headlines. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjb0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">News</a>. Headline news about the NBA (NewsFn NationalBasketballAssociation) A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvf9sZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AspatialInformationStore</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvrXnQpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Information_Content</a> is an abstract object that can be the content, or meaning, of some token in some language. A pair of tokens of linguistic objects mean the same thing just in case each has the same content as the other. Instance of this collection can be used to represent the content of an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwClAZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ConceptualWork</a>. information content Information-Content A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAqJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PropositionalInformationThing</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjb0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">News</a> consists of some factual information about recent events in the world (or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNiZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">geographicalSubRegions</a> thereof). News is commonly embodied in newspapers and communicated through radio and television news broadcasts. Note that <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjb0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">News</a> does not include as instances any instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwEdlDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NewsArticle</a> (q.v.). Rather, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjb0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">News</a> might be the content of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwEdlDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NewsArticle</a>, and could be the content of distinct <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwEdlDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NewsArticle</a>s news News A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAqJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PropositionalInformationThing</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjb0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">News</a> consists of some factual information about recent events in the world (or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNiZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">geographicalSubRegions</a> thereof). News is commonly embodied in newspapers and communicated through radio and television news broadcasts. Note that <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjb0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">News</a> does not include as instances any instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwEdlDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NewsArticle</a> (q.v.). Rather, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjb0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">News</a> might be the content of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwEdlDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NewsArticle</a>, and could be the content of distinct <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwEdlDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NewsArticle</a>s news News ObjectType The collection of all collections that are "object-like" in at least one respect. A collection <code>COL</code> is object-like just in case there is some sense of 'part' according to which any (or nearly any) given proper part of an instance of <code>COL</code> is not itself an instance of <code>COL</code>; when this happens <code>COL</code> is said to be object-like with respect to that sense of 'part'. More precisely, for a collection <code>COL</code> to be an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a> it is sufficient that there be some specialization <code>PARTPRED</code> of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwgfukKs8QdePzLB9nLNpTw" class="cyc_term">properParts</a> such that, for any <code>OBJ1</code> and <code>OBJ2</code>, if <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> OBJ1 COL)</code> and <code>(PARTPRED OBJ1 OBJ2)</code> both hold, then <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> OBJ2 COL)</code> does not hold. (Also sufficient for <code>COL</code>'s being an object-type is that there be some specialization <code>INVPARTPRED</code> of the inverse of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwgfukKs8QdePzLB9nLNpTw" class="cyc_term">properParts</a> (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWHsNJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">genlInverse</a>) such that <code>(INVPARTPRED OBJ2 OBJ1)</code>, with everything else remaining the same as above.) Note that neither of the above sufficient conditions for <code>COL</code>'s being an object-type is strictly necessary: some exceptions are allowed. Thus as long as either one of the above conditionals holds in nearly all cases, <code>COL</code> should be considered an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a>. Here are two examples. Consider <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVwZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Automobile</a>. Take an instance of that, say my car. Now consider one of the proper <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj5FpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">physicalParts</a> of my car, say the steering wheel. The steering wheel is not an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVwZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Automobile</a>. And the same would be true for any proper physical part of any car. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVwZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Automobile</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a>. Consider <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjyV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalendarYear</a>. No proper <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a> of a year is itself a year. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjyV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalendarYear</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a>. See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVir35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StuffType</a> for the contrasting (though not disjoint) notion of being stuff-like. type of object InformationAndCWs-Topic information and CWs topic A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAqJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PropositionalInformationThing</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjb0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">News</a> consists of some factual information about recent events in the world (or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNiZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">geographicalSubRegions</a> thereof). News is commonly embodied in newspapers and communicated through radio and television news broadcasts. Note that <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjb0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">News</a> does not include as instances any instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwEdlDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NewsArticle</a> (q.v.). Rather, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjb0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">News</a> might be the content of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwEdlDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NewsArticle</a>, and could be the content of distinct <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwEdlDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NewsArticle</a>s news News A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAqJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PropositionalInformationThing</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjb0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">News</a> consists of some factual information about recent events in the world (or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNiZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">geographicalSubRegions</a> thereof). News is commonly embodied in newspapers and communicated through radio and television news broadcasts. Note that <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjb0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">News</a> does not include as instances any instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwEdlDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NewsArticle</a> (q.v.). Rather, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjb0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">News</a> might be the content of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwEdlDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NewsArticle</a>, and could be the content of distinct <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwEdlDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NewsArticle</a>s news News A collection of collections. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwIE23ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TimeDependentCollection</a> is a collection whose membership changes over time. For example, (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPzX35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LiquidFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjAHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Water</a>) is a time dependent collection. A given portion of water might be an instance of (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPzX35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LiquidFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjAHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Water</a>) in the summer, and an instance of the disjoint collection (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPzX0JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SolidFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjAHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Water</a>) in the winter. In contrast, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVieEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Integer</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvzndCZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TimeIndependentCollection</a> (q.v.) because the collection of integers does not change its membership over time. time dependent collection TimeDependentCollection A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAqJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PropositionalInformationThing</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjb0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">News</a> consists of some factual information about recent events in the world (or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNiZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">geographicalSubRegions</a> thereof). News is commonly embodied in newspapers and communicated through radio and television news broadcasts. Note that <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjb0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">News</a> does not include as instances any instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwEdlDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NewsArticle</a> (q.v.). Rather, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjb0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">News</a> might be the content of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwEdlDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NewsArticle</a>, and could be the content of distinct <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwEdlDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NewsArticle</a>s news News