]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. Singer A sub-collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjqXpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MusicalPerformer</a>. Each instance is a person who sings. singer http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singer vocalists singers vocalist ActorInMusicals The collection of people whose job it is to sing, act, and dance in Broadway-type musicals. musical actor Alto-Singer Each <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJ0c5ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Alto_Singer</a> is a singer having an adult female voice which performs well singing lower notes. Altos usually aren't required to sing much higher than E at the top space of the treble cleff, and are comfortable singing down to F or G below the treble cleff. The alto voice is usually richer and deeper than the soprano voice. alto Soprano-Singer Each <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvXmO05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Soprano_Singer</a> is a singer having an adult female voice which performs well in the upper registers. Every decent soprano can sing comfortably up to the G above the treble cleff, and often higher. soprano Baritone-Singer baritone Each <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvzoMspwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Baritone_Singer</a> is a singer having an adult male voice which performs well in the middle registers. Baritones can't sing as high as tenors or as low as basses. opera singer <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwDAgt5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperaSinger</a> is the collection of persons who make a living as opera singers. OperaSinger bass Each <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvw-fT5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Bass_Singer</a> is a singer having an adult male voice which performs well in the lower registers. Of all the male voices, a bass can sing the lowest. Bass-Singer Each <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvq3c4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Tenor_Singer</a> is a singer having an adult male voice which performs well in the upper registers. Tenors can sing comfortably in full voice (as opposed to falsetto) up to F or G above the bass clef. Tenor-Singer tenor Beck-MusicalPerformer Beck RupertGraves Rupert Graves Robbie Williams RobbieWilliams Jermaine Jackson JermaineJackson Randy Jackson RandyJackson Pete Seeger PeteSeeger Billie Holiday BillieHoliday BustaRhymes-MusicalPerformer Busta Rhymes Kurt Cobain KurtCobain Christina Aguilera ChristinaAguilera TinyTim-Musician Tiny Tim Brian Littrell BrianLittrell-BackstreetBoy RobinGibb Robin Gibb Foxy Brown FoxyBrown Kid Rock KidRock-MusicalPerformer Jackie Jackson JackieJackson Ice Cube IceCube-Musician Shania Twain ShaniaTwain Billy Corgan (InstanceNamedFn-Ternary "Billy Corgan" Person "8124cd6e-60be-11da-8000-0002b35f9320") Bryan Adams BryanAdams Janet Jackson JanetJackson MarlonJackson Marlon Jackson Phoebe Snow PhoebeSnow Faith Hill FaithHill TatjanaSimic Tatjana Simic MichaelJackson Michael Jackson JustinTimberlake Justin Timberlake Robert Smith RobertSmith Lou Bega LouBega Martina McBride MartinaMcBride-MusicalPerformer BarbraStreisand Barbra Streisand Sarah Mclachlan SarahMclachlan (InstanceNamedFn-Ternary "Jakob Dylan" Person "13060f52-61fc-11da-8000-0002b35f9320") Jakob Dylan Matt Johnson MattJohnson Puff Daddy PuffDaddy Nick Carter NickCarter-BackstreetBoy Eminem-MusicalPerformer Eminem Sean Carter Jay-Z (InstanceNamedFn-Ternary "Glenn Danzig" Person "68bffb48-61fb-11da-8000-0002b35f9320") Glenn Danzig NatKingCole Nat Cole Donald Fagen DonaldFagen FrankSinatra Frank Sinatra Andy Garcia AndyGarcia JimMorrison Jim Morrison Billie Billie Sting-TheMusician Sting JohnDenver-Musician John Denver Marvin Aday MeatLoaf-MusicalPerformer Jakob (InstanceNamedFn-Ternary "Jakob" Person "ed7d1550-61fb-11da-8000-0002b35f9320") Buddy Holly BuddyHolly RebbieJackson Rebbie Jackson Percy Miller MasterP Madonna Madonna Elvis Costello ElvisCostello-MusicalPerformer <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvbEPB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sisqo</a> used to be in the musical group 'Dru Hill' but now has a solo career. He's orginally from Baltimore. Sisqo Sisqo StevieRayVaughan Stevie Ray Vaughan Heino Heino Everlast Everlast-Musician BarryGibb Barry Gibb KariWuhrer Kari Wuhrer Bjork Bjork Paula Cole PaulaCole-MusicalPerformer SarahBrightman Sarah Brightman AlanJackson-MusicalPerformer Alan Jackson JewelKilcher Jewel Kilcher Aaron Carter AaronCarter CrystalGayle-Singer Crystal Gayle JenniferLopez Jennifer Lopez Willie Nelson WillieNelson Howie Dorough HowieDorough-BackstreetBoy BruceDickinson-Musician Bruce Dickinson ShirleyManson Shirley Manson MelissaEtheridge Melissa Etheridge Maurice Gibb MauriceGibb Kevin Richardson KevinRichardson-BackstreetBoy (InstanceNamedFn-Ternary "Roger Walters" Person "41b99920-60be-11da-8000-0002b35f9320") Roger Walters JeniferLoveHewitt Jenifer Love Hewitt TomWaits Tom Waits FatboySlim Albums include 'You've Come a Long Way Baby' and 'Better Living Through Chemistry'. Fatboy Slim Lil Kim LilKim HelenReddy Helen Reddy GloriaTrevi Gloria Trevi Tito Jackson TitoJackson RobertPlant Robert Plant Ray Charles RayCharles LeAnn Rimes LeAnnRimes Shakira Shakira HenryRollins-MusicalPerformer Henry Rollins Glen Danzig (InstanceNamedFn-Ternary "Glen Danzig" Person "770cc6cc-61fb-11da-8000-0002b35f9320") A.J. McLean AJMcLean-BackstreetBoy ShaquilleONeal Shaquille O'Neal MariahCarey Mariah Carey person A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViknpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SocialBeing</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVilYpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IndividualAgent</a>: the collection of all persons. Personhood is a vague, emotionally loaded yet extremely salient concept with respect to common-sense reasoning. Something is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a> if it is an individual <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVinb5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IntelligentAgent</a> with perceptual sensibility, capable of complex social relationships, and possessing a certain moral sophistication and an intrinsic moral value, or -- if it lacks certain of these characteristics -- is a member of a distinct type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViknpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SocialBeing</a> (usually a species) which generally possesses such characteristics and is therefore acknowledged by other members of that type as a person within their social systems. Most currently known instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a> are instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rIcwFloGUQdeMlsOWYLFB2w" class="cyc_term">HomoSapiens</a> but there is no reason why all need be (consider <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvdRsSZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Hobbit</a>s in the fictional world of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi8lZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LordOfTheRings_Trilogy</a>). They need not even be instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVim7ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologicalLivingObject</a> (consider the possibility of a person-like AI). Also note that <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a> excludes non-human "legal persons", who are, however, included in the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVinsZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LegalAgent</a>. Person <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rZOAVeiYGEdqAAAACs2IMmw" class="cyc_term">broaderTerm</a> TERM1 TERM2)</code> means that <code>TERM2</code> is broader than <code>TERM1</code>, in an extremely general sense of "broader". For example, <code>TERM2</code> is, in the relevant sense, broader than <code>TERM1</code> if any of the following hold: <code>TERM2</code> is a collection that subsumes <code>TERM1</code>; <code>TERM2</code> is a collection that has <code>TERM1</code> as an instance; <code>TERM2</code> is a collection, instances of which have instances of the collection <code>TERM1</code> as parts; <code>TERM2</code> has <code>TERM1</code> as a part; This list of reasons for why <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rZOAVeiYGEdqAAAACs2IMmw" class="cyc_term">broaderTerm</a> TERM1 TERM2)</code> could hold is not exhaustive, but it should give a good indication of how general the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rZOAVeiYGEdqAAAACs2IMmw" class="cyc_term">broaderTerm</a> relation actually is. BT broaderTerm <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv1SXhZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByFacetedActivityType</a> is a collection of collections. Each element is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWgxLZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByActivity</a> that itself has been faceted in at least one way. This collection, which facets <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a>,can be used to generate English questions to aid classification in a clarification dialogue. To make the interface user-friendly, the range of answers to these questions should be small. Since this collection currently (01/00) has fewer than 20 elements, it will be more useful than the faceting of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a> by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWgxLZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByActivity</a>, which has over 800 instances. See #$NoteAboutHowFacetAssertionsAreUsed. PersonTypeByFacetedActivityType person type by faceted activity type artist performer type by performance type A collection of collections. Each instance is a spec of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjjEJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Artist_Performer</a> whose instances are all of the same performance type. Artist-PerformerTypeByPerformanceType Singer A sub-collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjqXpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MusicalPerformer</a>. Each instance is a person who sings. singer Singer A sub-collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjqXpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MusicalPerformer</a>. Each instance is a person who sings. singer A collection of collections and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWgxLZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByActivity</a> (q.v.). Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVii2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByOccupation</a> is a collection of workers (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjnN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonWithOccupation</a>) and is defined in terms of the kind of work done. The various instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVii2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByOccupation</a> correspond to jobs of all kinds, and not just to those colloquially called "professions". Examples include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjONJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgrammerProfessional</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjkWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FoodServiceEmployee</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQwxbpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MedicalCareProfessional</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQwl6JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SalesRepresentative</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjilJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Brewer</a>, and many others. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQr5OpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByPositionInOrg</a>. type of profession PersonTypeByOccupation Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjjEJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Artist_Performer</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVisB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Musician</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwDSivJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MusicPerformanceAgent</a>. Each instance of this collection is a an individual person performing music for an audience. For groups or bands, see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwDSivJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MusicPerformanceAgent</a>. MusicalPerformer musical performer Singer A sub-collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjqXpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MusicalPerformer</a>. Each instance is a person who sings. singer Singer A sub-collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjqXpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MusicalPerformer</a>. Each instance is a person who sings. singer Singer A sub-collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjqXpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MusicalPerformer</a>. Each instance is a person who sings. singer