]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. WritingSystem A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj0P5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CommunicationConvention</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WritingSystem</a> is a system of physical markings used to record pieces of a language. Writing systems are typically associated with particular languages, although some may be common to many languages. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WritingSystem</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">JapaneseKatakanaWriting</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjyEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WesternEuropeanWriting</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkG0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MusicalWriting</a>. writing system http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Writing_system systems of writing writing systems orthography scripts orthographies script system of writing Quasi-AlphabeticWriting so very nearly an alphabet quasi alphabetic writing writing with characters primarily representing syllables syllabic script SyllabicWriting pictorial characters used in writing primarily represent concepts/things ideographic writing IdeographicWriting writing with, ideally, a one-to-one correspondence between each significantly different speech-sound (phoneme) of a language and a specific letter -- or, letters, where form variations such as upper and lower case are involved--, an ideal but rarely achieved AlphabeticWriting alphabetic writing originally pictorial characters, primarily representing whole words LogographicWriting logographic writing point system A sub-collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WritingSystem</a>. Each instance is a system of writing or printing using patterns of raised dots that can be read by touch. PointSystem-WritingSystem writing with, primarily, a one-to-one correspondence between each significantly different CONSONANT of a language and a specific letter -- or, letters, where form variations such as upper and lower case or internal vs. final letters are involved. consonantal alphabetic writing ConsonantalAlphabeticWriting A sub-collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WritingSystem</a>. Each instance is an ancient wedge-shaped script used in Mesopotamia and Persia. Cuneiform cuneiform An angular script formerly used for ecclesiastical purposes Georgian Ecclesiastical Writing GeorgianEcclesiasticalWriting Early Khalka script early script of Mongol-speakers EarlyKhalkaWriting the simpler of the Japanese syllabic writing, used for scientific lit, public documents, children's books JapaneseKatakanaWriting Japanese Katakana script HittiteWriting Ancient Middle Eastern cuneiform script from the vicinity of Bogazkoy Hittite script OldAkkadianWriting Old Akkadian script The 'Daddy' of a good many Middle Eastern scripts Tamachek script TamachekWriting developed out of early Libyan/Numidian MusicalWriting Musical writing: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WritingSystem</a>. musical writing Coptic script strongly influenced by Hellenic writing CopticWriting ChurchSlavonicWriting Church Slavonic script Greek-based alphabet created by Sts. Cyril & Methodius for Slavs AssameseWriting non-Devanagari Indic writing Assamese script The most probable source for Roman writing, yet undeciphered Etruscan script EtruscanWriting LaoWriting Lao orthography in Laos ThaiWriting world's most beautiful orthography... looks like birds flying over a field of flowers Thai writing an offshoot of Brahmi script, script referred to as Kavi JavaneseWriting Javanese script OldPersianWriting Old Persian script orthography which practically reached the stage of alphabetic, official script of the Achaemenid dynasty KashmiriWriting Kashmiri script non-Devanagari Indic writing HurrianWriting Hurrian script Ancient Middle Eastern cuneiform script from the vicinity of Lake Van Cherokee script CherokeeWriting a [near-]natively devised system for writing an Amerindian language Bihari script BihariWriting non-Devanagari Indic writing MoabiteWriting of the Canaanite branch of early Semitic Moabite script the old-fashioned fancy German letters sometimes called 'Gothic' German Fraktur script GermanFrakturWriting OriyaWriting Oriya script non-Devanagari Indic writing Nabataean script NabataeanWriting writing ancestral to Arabic Japanese Hiragana script JapaneseHiraganaWriting the more complex of the Japanese syllabaries, used for newspapers, belles-lettres, and general daily life An abbreviated version of the pictorial writing originated by the Mayas AztecWriting Aztec script writing of contemporary Arabic ModernArabicWriting Modern Arabic Writing PunjabiWriting Punjabi script non-Devanagari Indic writing CambodianWriting orthography of Cambodian language Cambodian AvestanWriting writing used for the pre-Islamic sacred writings of ancient Persia Avestan Writing Amharic script AmharicWriting orthography of Ethiopic peoples, only remaining users of South Semitic writing PalaicWriting Ancient Middle Eastern cuneiform script of Anatolia Palaic script Square Hebrew script SquareHebrewWriting The familiar orthography BabylonianWriting Influential cuneiform script Babylonian script Oghamic script OghamicWriting angular, scratched or carved early Celtic writing ManchuWriting orthography of Manchu Manchu Writing TagalogWriting Tagalog script an offshoot of Brahmi script Palmyrene script PalmyreneWriting writing used in ancient Palmyra non-Devanagari Indic writing Tamil script TamilWriting Sumerian script The Great Grandaddy of Middle Eastern scripts SumerianWriting Assyrian script AssyrianWriting Influential cuneiform script AdaptedCyrillicWriting alphabet created for Slavs adjusted to apply to other languages in the Soviet Union Adapted Cyrillic script EarlyHebrewWriting of the Canaanite branch of early Semitic Early Hebrew script Mayan script That fancy pictorial writing used by the Mayas MayanWriting directly derived from Hellenic writing LycianWriting Lycian script BugiWriting an offshoot of Old Javanese orthography Bugi script Brahmi script The 'granddaddy' of the Indic scripts BrahmiWriting Proto-SemiticWriting Proto-Semitic writing The 'Great Grand-Daddy' of a good many Middle Eastern scripts, also called West Semitic TokharianBWriting Tokharian B script an offshoot of Gupta version of Brahmi script Minaean script MinaeanWriting orthography of South Arabian peoples south of the Fertile Crescent Saka script an Iranian language using an Indic script with Semitic influences SakaWriting developed by South Arabian peoples south of the Fertile Crescent SouthSemiticWriting South Semitic Writing Landa script non-Devanagari Indic writing LandaWriting Telugu script non-Devanagari Indic writing TeluguWriting Linear B LinearBWritingSystem Tigre script orthography of Ethiopic peoples, only remaining users of South Semitic writing TigreWriting Hieroglyphic Hittite script HieroglyphicHittiteWriting The commoner way Hittite was written MonWriting Mon script an offshoot of Brahmi script AncientEgyptianWriting Ancient Egyptian script That fancy pictorial writing in the Land of the Pyramids and the Pharoahs non-Devanagari Indic writing Kanarese script KanareseWriting non-Devanagari Indic writing GujaratiWriting Gujarati script A particularly aesthetically pleasing script, attributed-- like Cyrillic-- to a pair of saints. In the Eastern Church, graphemicization beats canonization. Armenian script ArmenianWriting Georgian writing originally 'the script of the warriors' as opposed to priests GeorgianWriting form of early Greek orthography used on Cyprus Cypriot CyprioteWriting MongolianWriting Mongolian orthography in Mongolia Khalkha Writing orthography of adapted early Uigur with Tibetan influence, adopted as the writing of the Mongol Empire KhalkhaWriting SamaritanWriting Samaritan script of the Canaanite branch of early Semitic Umbrian script UmbrianWriting neighbors to the Romans The Roman alphabet: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WritingSystem</a>. RomanAlphabet alphabet AdaptedWesternEuropeanWriting Adapted Western European script Western European orthography applied to 'outland' languages Faliscan script neighbors to the Romans FaliscanWriting the orthography, based on Greek, devised by the missionary Wulfila for the Gothic language Gothic script GothicWriting Cham script an offshoot of Brahmi script ChamWriting the earlier inscriptions used this, later ones were in Greek script Phrygian script PhrygianWriting non-Devanagari Indic writing MalayalamWriting Malayalam script LuwianWriting Luwian script Ancient Middle Eastern cuneiform script of Anatolia TigrinyaWriting Tigrinya script orthography of Ethiopic peoples, only remaining users of South Semitic writing GaelicWriting Gaelic script a special writing system-- actually, just a restricted version of the Roman alphabet-- used for Irish used in the formerly British and Chinese Shan States of S.E. Asia ShanWriting Shan script Burmese script orthography for Burmese language BurmeseWriting cousins and neighbors to the Romans OscanWriting Oscan script Early Uigur script EarlyUigurWriting orthography of Turkic-speaking people of Mongolia and eastern Turkestan in early 13th century Phoenician script PhoenicianWriting The 'grandaddy' of alphabetic writing, of the Canaanite branch of early Semitic writing NepaliWriting non-Devanagari Indic writing Nepali Arabic ClassicalArabicWriting writing directly ancestral to contemporary Arabic Sogdian script SogdianWriting a script [and language] that was the lingua franca of Central Asia in the 2nd half of the 1st millennium A.D. non-Devanagari Indic writing Takri script TakriWriting an offshoot of Gupta version of Brahmi script TokharianAWriting Tokharian A script The 'Daddy' of the western European alphabets LatinWriting Latin script The 'Daddy' of the rest of the European alphabets Hellenic script HellenicWriting orthography of South Arabian peoples south of the Fertile Crescent South Arabic script SouthArabicWriting JapaneseKanamajiriWriting the mixture of Chinese and Japanese characters, most commonly used in writing Japanese Japanese Kanamajiri script SinghaleseWriting Singhalese script non-Devanagari Indic writing some horizontal R-L, some vertical L-R LoloWriting Lolo Writing CyrillicWriting Cyrillic script Greek-based alphabet created by Sts. Cyril & Methodius for Slavs Runic script angular, scratched or carved early Germanic writing RunicWriting Batak an offshoot of Old Javanese orthography BatakWriting the squarish Korean syllabic writing Korean script KoreanWriting ModernGreekWriting The contemporary form of the 'Daddy' of the rest of the European alphabets Greek alphabet DevanagariWriting Devanagari script The best known of the Indic scripts early script of Mongol-speakers Early Kalmuck script EarlyKalmuckWriting developed out of 'colonial' Phoenician PunicWriting Punic script Sabaean script orthography the Queen of Sheba might have used SabaeanWriting Aramaic script AramaicWriting A real great-grandaddy of writing systems Pali script PaliWriting an offshoot of Brahmi script Western European script WesternEuropeanWriting The general writing system common to contemporary Western European languages. writing for to-it foreign languages in Arabic orthography AdaptedArabicWriting Adapted Arabic script Elamite script ElamiteWriting Ancient Middle Eastern cuneiform script TibetanWriting Tibetan script orthography for Tibetan ChineseWriting Chinese the writing system common to all the Chinese languages Geez script GeezWriting orthography of Ethiopic peoples Early Manchu script early script of Tungusic speakers EarlyManchuWriting Meroitic script looks like Egyptian, but symbols are purely phonetic, coming right to the threshold of alphabetic MeroiticWriting Buryat script early script of Mongol-speakers now located in Siberia BuryatWriting non-Devanagari Indic writing Bengali script BengaliWriting UgariticWriting unusual for consonantal-alphabetic use of cuneiform Ugaritic script strongly influenced by Hellenic writing Lydian script LydianWriting related to Nestorian writing SyriacWriting Syriac KarenWriting Karen script orthography for Karen Pahlavi script PahlaviWriting writing used for the pre-Islamic but not ancient Persia WritingSystem A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj0P5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CommunicationConvention</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WritingSystem</a> is a system of physical markings used to record pieces of a language. Writing systems are typically associated with particular languages, although some may be common to many languages. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WritingSystem</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">JapaneseKatakanaWriting</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjyEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WesternEuropeanWriting</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkG0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MusicalWriting</a>. writing system CommunicationConvention The collection of conventions used to encode and interpret things which bear information; a syntax together with a semantic mapping. Instances include natural languages like French or English, database data formats, and computer languages or idiosyncratic systems of gestures or symbols known only by a small group of people. coding system WritingSystem A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj0P5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CommunicationConvention</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WritingSystem</a> is a system of physical markings used to record pieces of a language. Writing systems are typically associated with particular languages, although some may be common to many languages. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WritingSystem</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">JapaneseKatakanaWriting</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjyEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WesternEuropeanWriting</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkG0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MusicalWriting</a>. writing system WritingSystem A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj0P5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CommunicationConvention</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WritingSystem</a> is a system of physical markings used to record pieces of a language. Writing systems are typically associated with particular languages, although some may be common to many languages. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WritingSystem</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">JapaneseKatakanaWriting</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjyEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WesternEuropeanWriting</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkG0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MusicalWriting</a>. writing system WritingSystem A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj0P5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CommunicationConvention</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WritingSystem</a> is a system of physical markings used to record pieces of a language. Writing systems are typically associated with particular languages, although some may be common to many languages. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WritingSystem</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">JapaneseKatakanaWriting</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjyEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WesternEuropeanWriting</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkG0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MusicalWriting</a>. writing system candidate KB completeness node CandidateKBCompletenessNode WritingSystem A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj0P5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CommunicationConvention</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WritingSystem</a> is a system of physical markings used to record pieces of a language. Writing systems are typically associated with particular languages, although some may be common to many languages. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WritingSystem</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">JapaneseKatakanaWriting</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjyEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WesternEuropeanWriting</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkG0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MusicalWriting</a>. writing system Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString The collection of all instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r_4bScKNtQdiVw7XtX-HN0Q" class="cyc_term">ClarifyingCollectionType</a> that are used by the <font color="#ff0000">#$KRAKEN</font> application to resolve natural language ambiguities. KE clarifying collection type KEClarifyingCollectionType type of temporally stuff-like thing A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVir35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StuffType</a> (q.v.) whose instances are all and only those collections that are temporally stuff-like. A collection <code><b>COL</b></code> is temporally stuff-like just in case every purely temporal part (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a>) of an instance of <code><b>COL</b></code> is itself an instance of <code><b>COL</b></code>, unless it is a temporal part of a temporal granule of <code><b>COL</b></code> (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">granuleOfTemporalStuff</a>). <p/> More precisely, for a collection <code><b>COL</b></code> to be an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a> it is both a necessary and sufficient condition that for any <code><b>OBJ1</b></code> and <code><b>OBJ2</b></code> (with <code><b>OBJ2</b></code> at or above <code><b>COL</b></code>'s temporal granularity level), if <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> <b>OBJ1</b> <b>COL</b>)</code> and <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a> <b>OBJ1</b> <b>OBJ2</b>)</code>, then <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> <b>OBJ2</b> <b>COL</b>)</code>. <p/> Consider <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a>. Take an arbitrary instance <code><b>WALK</b></code> of this collection (say Miss America 2000's victory walk down the runway and back); and then take an arbitrary time-slice <code><b>SUBWALK</b></code> of <code><b>WALK</b></code> that subsumes at least one instance of (the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">granuleOfTemporalStuff</a> for <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a>) <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViYBpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TakingAStep</a> (say her trip back from the end of the runway). <code><b>SUBWALK</b></code> is itself an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a>. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a>. See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViq35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a> for the disjoint notion of being temporally object-like. TemporalStuffType WritingSystem A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj0P5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CommunicationConvention</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WritingSystem</a> is a system of physical markings used to record pieces of a language. Writing systems are typically associated with particular languages, although some may be common to many languages. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WritingSystem</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">JapaneseKatakanaWriting</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjyEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WesternEuropeanWriting</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkG0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MusicalWriting</a>. writing system A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjj45wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IntangibleIndividual</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvjSBSZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Artifact_Generic</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvtisp5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Artifact_Intangible</a> is an intangible thing intentionally created by an agent or agents. Important specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvtisp5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Artifact_Intangible</a> include <font color="#ff0000">#$ComputerLanguage</font>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwClAZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ConceptualWork</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVivo5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agreement</a>. intangible artifact Artifact-Intangible