]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. asphalt The collection of all asphalt. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rPCwOrBENEduAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">ObjectSturdyWRTHumanActivity</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjPmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SolidTangibleArtifact</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkCIpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtificialMaterial</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjon5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mixture</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkC3JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Asphalt</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwMc3h5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NaturalResourceType</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViGSpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TangibleStuffCompositionType</a>. Asphalt blacktop http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphalt natural resource NaturalResourceType The collection of collections of things that are useful in nature. asphalt The collection of all asphalt. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rPCwOrBENEduAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">ObjectSturdyWRTHumanActivity</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjPmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SolidTangibleArtifact</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkCIpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtificialMaterial</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjon5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mixture</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkC3JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Asphalt</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwMc3h5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NaturalResourceType</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViGSpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TangibleStuffCompositionType</a>. Asphalt asphalt The collection of all asphalt. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rPCwOrBENEduAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">ObjectSturdyWRTHumanActivity</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjPmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SolidTangibleArtifact</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkCIpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtificialMaterial</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjon5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mixture</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkC3JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Asphalt</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwMc3h5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NaturalResourceType</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViGSpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TangibleStuffCompositionType</a>. Asphalt (CollectionUnionFn (TheSet Asphalt (SolidFn Concrete))) the union of { asphalt, cement } asphalt The collection of all asphalt. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rPCwOrBENEduAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">ObjectSturdyWRTHumanActivity</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjPmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SolidTangibleArtifact</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkCIpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtificialMaterial</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjon5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mixture</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkC3JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Asphalt</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwMc3h5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NaturalResourceType</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViGSpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TangibleStuffCompositionType</a>. Asphalt asphalt The collection of all asphalt. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rPCwOrBENEduAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">ObjectSturdyWRTHumanActivity</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjPmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SolidTangibleArtifact</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkCIpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtificialMaterial</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjon5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mixture</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkC3JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Asphalt</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwMc3h5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NaturalResourceType</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViGSpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TangibleStuffCompositionType</a>. Asphalt tangible stuff type TangibleStuffCompositionType A collection of collections and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVny6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingStuffType</a>. Instances are subcollections of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj27ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a> whose membership is based only on the physical and/or chemical composition of their instances. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViGSpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TangibleStuffCompositionType</a> does not have as instances collections whose instances are determined _solely_ by the physical state they are in -- for that, see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvgDEAJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TangibleStuffStateType</a>. However, many substances that chemically break down before melting (e.g. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjc_ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FattyTissue</a>) _are_ included in this collection, even though they exist solely in one physical state. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjAHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Water</a> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViGSpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TangibleStuffCompositionType</a>, as instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjAHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Water</a> are all pieces of substance with the chemical composition H20. On the other hand , the collection of all pieces of ice (i.e. (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPzX0JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SolidFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjAHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Water</a>)) is not a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViGSpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TangibleStuffCompositionType</a>, because membership in that collection depends on the substance's composition _and_ on its physical state. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVikqZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TalcumPowder</a> is not an instance of this collection because a fused mass of the substance would no longer be powder, but would still be of the same <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViGSpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TangibleStuffCompositionType</a>. Further instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViGSpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TangibleStuffCompositionType</a> are <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi30pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Nylon</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjxdpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GasolineFuel</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjc_ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FattyTissue</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj8apwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Nitrogen</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViG-5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Glass</a>. An important specialization of this collection is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ChemicalSubstanceType</a> -- those substance types defined solely by their chemical formulae. solid tangible artifact SolidTangibleArtifact A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkH_ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Artifact</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjElJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SolidTangibleThing</a> . Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjPmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SolidTangibleArtifact</a> is a partially tangible artifact that is also a solid. Instances include both solid objects (for example, instances of the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVwZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Automobile</a>) as well as portions of stuff in solid form (for example, instances of the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkJCZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cloth</a>). A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj27ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjon5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mixture</a> is a homogeneous partially tangible thing composed of two or more different constituents (see the predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjSd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">constituents</a>) which have been mixed. The inputs to this mixing do not form chemical bonds among themselves, and at a later time the mixture may be separated back out into these inputs. Specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjon5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mixture</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjI8JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Blood</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvgC2EpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mud</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjADJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Air</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi0TZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CarbonatedBeverage</a>. Note that each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjon5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mixture</a> has a composition but not a structure; thus, the following are _not_ instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjon5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mixture</a>, since all have some structure: a wet sponge, a person, or a portion of plywood. mixture Mixture Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString asphalt The collection of all asphalt. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rPCwOrBENEduAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">ObjectSturdyWRTHumanActivity</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjPmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SolidTangibleArtifact</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkCIpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtificialMaterial</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjon5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mixture</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkC3JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Asphalt</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwMc3h5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NaturalResourceType</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViGSpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TangibleStuffCompositionType</a>. Asphalt