]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. type of belief system BeliefSystemType The collection of all the kinds of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi9R5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BeliefSystem</a>s -- religious, philosophical, political, ethical, cultural, and scientific. Some elements of this collection include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkCHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Religion</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjXOZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PhilosophyBeliefs</a>, etc. The most general member of this set is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi9R5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BeliefSystem</a>s (qv). types of belief system The collection of all religions or equivalent sets of beliefs that answer the `big questions' about creation, existence, etc. Some instances of this are: <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjOHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimistReligion</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjnvpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Catholicism</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjmnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Buddhism</a>, etc. system of religious beliefs ReligiousBeliefs philosophy PhilosophyBeliefs The class of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi9R5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BeliefSystem</a>s that deal in rather abstract terms with what can be known, what is and what can be, and/or with what should be. Sample elements of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjXOZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PhilosophyBeliefs</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjW95wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MilesianSchoolBeliefs</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkBl5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ThalesPhilosophy</a>, etc. The collection of political ideologies that accept and advocate initiating violence as a legitimate solution to otherwise non-violent religious, cultural, and political disputes in which agression has not been threatened. Examples include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvfeIIpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Trotskyism</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv_d4PpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Maoism</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP2Gc5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GermanNaziIdeology</a>. militant ideology MilitantBeliefs animism AnimistReligion The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViFIZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LocalTraditionalReligion</a>s that hold that <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjgZpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NonPersonAnimal</a>s, trees, rocks, and/or other <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjVWpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NaturalTangibleStuff</a> have spirits. (AlternativeBeliefFn Physics) alternative physics The collection of all alternative physics. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPK1_pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Alternative</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi9R5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BeliefSystem</a>. The collection of all religions or equivalent sets of beliefs that answer the `big questions' about creation, existence, etc. Some elements of this are: <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjOHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimistReligion</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjnvpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Catholicism</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjmnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Buddhism</a>, etc. Religion religion The collection of all forms of prejudice. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4ryMaEgDcxQdmOto2lCRriXg" class="cyc_term">SocialBeliefSystem</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvb_h55wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Prejudice</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkFiJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BeliefSystemType</a>. Prejudice form of prejudice A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi9R5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BeliefSystem</a>. Each instance of this collection is a system of beliefs that deals with human society, how it should be organized, or how human interactions should take place. Notable instances include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwUOJDJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sexism</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvkshiJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Feminism</a>. social belief system SocialBeliefSystem alternative science The collection of all alternative science. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPK1_pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Alternative</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi9R5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BeliefSystem</a>. (AlternativeBeliefFn Science) LocalTraditionalReligion local traditional religion The collection of all local traditional religions. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkCHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Religion</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViFIZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LocalTraditionalReligion</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkFiJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BeliefSystemType</a>. Paganism The collection of all Pagan belief systems. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvadca5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ReligiousBeliefs</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwSe1EJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Paganism</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkFiJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BeliefSystemType</a>. Paganism non-theistic religion NonTheisticReligion The collection of all instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkCHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Religion</a> in which the divine (ultimate reality) is conceived in impersonal, non-agentive terms The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjOHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimistReligion</a>s of northern Asia and elsewhere that embrace a belief in powerful spirits that can be influenced only by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwK_aAZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Shaman</a>s. shamanism Shamanism All the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi9R5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BeliefSystem</a>s which deny the existence of divine beings. Examples of this include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNwpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Marxism_Leninism</a>, etc., and the most general example of all which is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkAT5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Atheism</a>. AtheisticBeliefSystem atheistic belief MonotheisticReligion monotheistic religion The collection of all monotheistic religions, or religions whose believers are taught to acknowledge and worship only one God. The class of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi9R5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BeliefSystem</a>s that are political ideologies. Sample elements of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjUHpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PoliticalBeliefSystem</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjOhpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RepublicanPartyIdeology</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQr3HZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RightistIdeology</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQr8hZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Pacifism</a>, etc. PoliticalBeliefSystem political ideology TheisticReligion The collection of all instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkCHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Religion</a> in which the divine (ultimate reality) is conceived as one or more intelligent agents theistic religion FengShui feng shui <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvtRQAZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FengShui</a> is a set of beliefs that has its origins in the Orient. Feng Shui is concerned with living harmoniously with the energy of the surrounding environment. It encompasses the art of placement, not only of buildings, but of everything within them. Feng Shui has recently become popular in the West, and the business of feng shui consulating, book-publishing, etc. is generating large profits for many people. ReligiousDenomination The collection of all instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkCHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Religion</a> which are variations of a more general religion which adherents of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJGH5JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ReligiousDenomination</a> regard as their <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkCHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Religion</a>. religious denomination reincarnation belief systems The collection of belief systems in which <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvkGVupwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Reincarnation</a> is a belief. These systems contain assertions pertaining to the basic belief in the past lives of people. Among the beliefs in such systems is the axiom relating every person to a reincarnation event (i.e., every person has at least one past life). ReincarnationBeliefSystems polytheistic religion PolytheisticReligion A collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkCHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Religion</a>s. In a polytheistic religion, there are believed to be multiple <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjrCJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">God</a>s. superstition The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi9R5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BeliefSystem</a>s that are not in accordance with accepted scientific beliefs or scientific methods, but are not accorded the status of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkCHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Religion</a>. Superstition Astrology The collection of belief systems that assume the influence of instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVikt5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AstronomicalBody</a> on human affairs and personality. astrology The collection of all specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>, that is, of all collections of (first-order) collections, and an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHUFI8h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">ThirdOrderCollection</a>. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> are collections of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>s. Any instance of any instance of any instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Individual</a>. SecondOrderCollection second-order Cyc collection type of belief system BeliefSystemType The collection of all the kinds of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi9R5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BeliefSystem</a>s -- religious, philosophical, political, ethical, cultural, and scientific. Some elements of this collection include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkCHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Religion</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjXOZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PhilosophyBeliefs</a>, etc. The most general member of this set is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi9R5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BeliefSystem</a>s (qv). type of belief system BeliefSystemType The collection of all the kinds of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi9R5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BeliefSystem</a>s -- religious, philosophical, political, ethical, cultural, and scientific. Some elements of this collection include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkCHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Religion</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjXOZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PhilosophyBeliefs</a>, etc. The most general member of this set is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi9R5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BeliefSystem</a>s (qv). type of belief system BeliefSystemType The collection of all the kinds of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi9R5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BeliefSystem</a>s -- religious, philosophical, political, ethical, cultural, and scientific. Some elements of this collection include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkCHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Religion</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjXOZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PhilosophyBeliefs</a>, etc. The most general member of this set is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi9R5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BeliefSystem</a>s (qv). first-order collection An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvtppU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CollectionType</a>, and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rNooX_CChEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FixedOrderCollection</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a> is the collection of all specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Individual</a> (q.v.) Notable specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViq35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVny6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingStuffType</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a>. FirstOrderCollection Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString Beliefs-Attitude-Topic beliefs-attitude-topic A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rAmoSCGJbQdiSXZJvYiNhkQ" class="cyc_term">CycVocabularyTopic</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rtGXkHpNaEdqAAAACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">KBDependentCollection</a>.