]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. molecule type A collection of specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwspwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Molecule</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvXQTZpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MoleculeTypeByChemicalCompoundType</a> is a collection of molecules characterized by the fact that all of its instances are molecules of a particular type of chemical compound (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ChemicalSubstanceType</a>). Cf. the more specific collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvt8DM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MoleculeTypeByChemicalSpecies</a>, which is a collection of collections whose instances have same chemical structure and formula. MoleculeTypeByChemicalCompoundType kind of molecules type of molecule sort of molecule kind of molecule types of molecule types of molecule classified by chemical compound kinds of molecules sorts of molecule type of molecule classified by chemical compound kinds of molecule molecule types MoleculeTypeByChemicalSpecies type of molecule differentiated by chemical formula A type-level collection. Each instance is a collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwspwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Molecule</a>s characterized by the fact that all of its instances are molecules with exactly the same chemical formula and structure. RNA molecule (MoleculeFn (ChemicalSubstanceFn RNAMolecule)) chlorine molecule (MoleculeFn Chlorine) The collection of all chlorine molecules. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwspwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Molecule</a>. DNAMolecule DNA molecule The collection of all long-chain molecules whose components are Deoxyribonucleotides are in pairwise structure, the overall shape of the molecule being that of a double-helix. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvpIyn5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DNAMolecule</a>s can be usefully represented as information-encoding structures that code for the amino acid sequences of various enzymes--and those, indirectly, for organic phenotypes. (MoleculeFn Oxygen) oxygen molecule The collection of all iodine molecules. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwspwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Molecule</a>. "(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPzt4pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MoleculeFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj8dJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Iodine</a>)" is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvXQTZpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MoleculeTypeByChemicalCompoundType</a>. (MoleculeFn Iodine) iodine molecule The collection of all hydrogen molecules. A type of (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvfoij5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AtomGroupingFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi6UpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Hydrogen</a> 2) and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwspwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Molecule</a>. (MoleculeFn Hydrogen) hydrogen molecule (MoleculeFn Sugar) The collection of all sugar molecules. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwspwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Molecule</a>. sugar molecule (MoleculeFn Bromine) The collection of all bromine molecules. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwspwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Molecule</a>. bromine molecule The collection of all lipid molecules. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwspwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Molecule</a>. "Lipid molecule" is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvXQTZpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MoleculeTypeByChemicalCompoundType</a>. lipid molecule (MoleculeFn Lipid) (MoleculeFn RNAStuff) RNA molecule RNA molecule The collection of all long-chain molecules composed of strings of Ribonucleotides. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwSlbUpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RNAMolecule</a>s perform a number of critical functions in the intracellular environment. Notably, they are the medium by which the information encoded in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvpIyn5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DNAMolecule</a>s is transferred outside the cellular nucleus, where it can be used in protein manufacture. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwSlbUpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RNAMolecule</a>s are also incorporated into the ribosomal enzymes that 'read' messenger RNA molecules and manufacture proteins.. RNAMolecule (MoleculeFn InorganicCompound) The collection of all inorganic molecules. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwspwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Molecule</a>. inorganic molecule The collection of all protein molecules. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwspwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Molecule</a>. (MoleculeFn ProteinStuff) protein molecule F2 molecule (MoleculeFn Fluorine) (MoleculeFn DNAStuff) DNA molecule (MoleculeFn Coagulase) coagulase molecule molecule type A collection of specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwspwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Molecule</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvXQTZpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MoleculeTypeByChemicalCompoundType</a> is a collection of molecules characterized by the fact that all of its instances are molecules of a particular type of chemical compound (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ChemicalSubstanceType</a>). Cf. the more specific collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvt8DM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MoleculeTypeByChemicalSpecies</a>, which is a collection of collections whose instances have same chemical structure and formula. MoleculeTypeByChemicalCompoundType The collection of all specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>, that is, of all collections of (first-order) collections, and an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHUFI8h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">ThirdOrderCollection</a>. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> are collections of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>s. Any instance of any instance of any instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Individual</a>. SecondOrderCollection second-order Cyc collection molecule type A collection of specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjwspwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Molecule</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvXQTZpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MoleculeTypeByChemicalCompoundType</a> is a collection of molecules characterized by the fact that all of its instances are molecules of a particular type of chemical compound (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ChemicalSubstanceType</a>). Cf. the more specific collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvt8DM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MoleculeTypeByChemicalSpecies</a>, which is a collection of collections whose instances have same chemical structure and formula. MoleculeTypeByChemicalCompoundType A collection of collections. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj27ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a> (q.v.). Moreover, each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a> is a collection that is temporally stuff-like (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a>) but physically-spatially object-like (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a>) -- i.e. object-like with respect to some physical-spatial part-whole predicate (e.g. some specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r8a2smPXcQdiEoJhcx65EiQ" class="cyc_term">properPhysicalDecompositions</a>). Consider the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj27ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a>. Further, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a> is temporally stuff-like: any one of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a> of a given copy <code>COPY</code> of (say) "Moby Dick" is still a copy of "Moby Dick". (Most collections of tangible objects are temporally stuff-like in this way.) But <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a> is spatially object-like: if we take a scalpel and slice <code>COPY</code> into ten pieces, each piece is not a copy of "Moby Dick". So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a>. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVir35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StuffType</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVny6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingStuffType</a>. ExistingObjectType type of object DisjointCollectionType A collection of collections of collections and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA4pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SiblingDisjointCollectionType</a> (q.v.). A disjoint collection type is such that its instances are collections that are all disjoint from one another. That is, each instance <code>DISCOLTYPE</code> of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWPoRpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DisjointCollectionType</a> is a collection whose instances are mutually disjoint collections: no two instances of <code>DISCOLTYPE</code> have any instances in common. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWPoRpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DisjointCollectionType</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjK65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologicalSpecies</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwKJAl5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SportsTeamTypeBySport</a>. disjoint classification scheme Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString The collection of all instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r_4bScKNtQdiVw7XtX-HN0Q" class="cyc_term">ClarifyingCollectionType</a> that are used by the #$KRAKEN application to resolve natural language ambiguities. KE clarifying collection type KEClarifyingCollectionType