]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. Community <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvdFcWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Community</a> is the collection of communities, which are to be distinguished from <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi4_pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Neighborhood</a>s, the latter being geographical regions. Elements of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvdFcWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Community</a> are groups of people. Many are distinguished by their inhabiting a particular <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi4_pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Neighborhood</a>, but what ties others together might be communication in cyberspace or some other less tangible factor. community http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community communities ArtistColony artist colony The collection of all artist colonies. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvdFcWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Community</a>. A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvdFcWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Community</a>. Each instance of this collection is a community of people, who have citizenship in one country, living in another country with the intent of staying in that country. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rY-t1Ek1gQdmO-eo6d-6uSQ" class="cyc_term">ExpatriateCommunityOfTypeInRegionFn</a>. ExpatriateCommunity expatriate community the U.S. medical community <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvlVBk5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">USMedicalCommunity</a> represents the collection of agents which work in the field of medicine in the United States. The particular <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a>s in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvlVBk5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">USMedicalCommunity</a> may have differing <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA0pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">beliefs</a> but may be refered to as sharing ideology when it is the status quo. USMedicalCommunity Community <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvdFcWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Community</a> is the collection of communities, which are to be distinguished from <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi4_pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Neighborhood</a>s, the latter being geographical regions. Elements of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvdFcWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Community</a> are groups of people. Many are distinguished by their inhabiting a particular <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi4_pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Neighborhood</a>, but what ties others together might be communication in cyberspace or some other less tangible factor. community Community <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvdFcWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Community</a> is the collection of communities, which are to be distinguished from <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi4_pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Neighborhood</a>s, the latter being geographical regions. Elements of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvdFcWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Community</a> are groups of people. Many are distinguished by their inhabiting a particular <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi4_pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Neighborhood</a>, but what ties others together might be communication in cyberspace or some other less tangible factor. community ObjectType The collection of all collections that are &quot;object-like&quot; in at least one respect. A collection <code><b>COL</b></code> is object-like just in case there is some sense of 'part' according to which any (or nearly any) given proper part of an instance of <code><b>COL</b></code> is <i>not</i> itself an instance of <code><b>COL</b></code>; when this happens <code><b>COL</b></code> is said to be object-like with respect to that sense of 'part'. <p/> More precisely, for a collection <code><b>COL</b></code> to be an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a> it is sufficient that there be some specialization <code><b>PARTPRED</b></code> of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwgfukKs8QdePzLB9nLNpTw" class="cyc_term">properParts</a> such that, for any <code><b>OBJ1</b></code> and <code><b>OBJ2</b></code>, if <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> <b>OBJ1</b> <b>COL</b>)</code> and <code>(<b>PARTPRED</b> <b>OBJ1</b> <b>OBJ2</b>)</code> both hold, then <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> <b>OBJ2</b> <b>COL</b>)</code> does <i>not</i> hold. (Also sufficient for <code><b>COL</b></code>'s being an object-type is that there be some specialization <code><b>INVPARTPRED</b></code> of the <i>inverse</i> of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwgfukKs8QdePzLB9nLNpTw" class="cyc_term">properParts</a> (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWHsNJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">genlInverse</a>) such that <code>(<b>INVPARTPRED</b> <b>OBJ2</b> <b>OBJ1</b>)</code>, with everything else remaining the same as above.) Note that neither of the above sufficient conditions for <code><b>COL</b></code>'s being an object-type is strictly necessary: some exceptions are allowed. Thus as long as either one of the above conditionals holds in <i>nearly</i> all cases, <code><b>COL</b></code> should be considered an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a>. <p/> Here are two examples. Consider <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVwZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Automobile</a>. Take an instance of that, say my car. Now consider one of the proper <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj5FpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">physicalParts</a> of my car, say the steering wheel. The steering wheel is <i>not</i> an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVwZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Automobile</a>. And the same would be true for any proper physical part of any car. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVwZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Automobile</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a>. Consider <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjyV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalendarYear</a>. No proper <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a> of a year is itself a year. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjyV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalendarYear</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a>. <p/> See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVir35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StuffType</a> for the contrasting (though not disjoint) notion of being stuff-like. type of object Community <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvdFcWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Community</a> is the collection of communities, which are to be distinguished from <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi4_pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Neighborhood</a>s, the latter being geographical regions. Elements of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvdFcWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Community</a> are groups of people. Many are distinguished by their inhabiting a particular <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi4_pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Neighborhood</a>, but what ties others together might be communication in cyberspace or some other less tangible factor. community Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString Community <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvdFcWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Community</a> is the collection of communities, which are to be distinguished from <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi4_pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Neighborhood</a>s, the latter being geographical regions. Elements of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvdFcWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Community</a> are groups of people. Many are distinguished by their inhabiting a particular <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi4_pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Neighborhood</a>, but what ties others together might be communication in cyberspace or some other less tangible factor. community type of temporally stuff-like thing A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVir35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StuffType</a> (q.v.) whose instances are all and only those collections that are temporally stuff-like. A collection <code><b>COL</b></code> is temporally stuff-like just in case every purely temporal part (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a>) of an instance of <code><b>COL</b></code> is itself an instance of <code><b>COL</b></code>, unless it is a temporal part of a temporal granule of <code><b>COL</b></code> (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">granuleOfTemporalStuff</a>). <p/> More precisely, for a collection <code><b>COL</b></code> to be an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a> it is both a necessary and sufficient condition that for any <code><b>OBJ1</b></code> and <code><b>OBJ2</b></code> (with <code><b>OBJ2</b></code> at or above <code><b>COL</b></code>'s temporal granularity level), if <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> <b>OBJ1</b> <b>COL</b>)</code> and <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a> <b>OBJ1</b> <b>OBJ2</b>)</code>, then <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> <b>OBJ2</b> <b>COL</b>)</code>. <p/> Consider <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a>. Take an arbitrary instance <code><b>WALK</b></code> of this collection (say Miss America 2000's victory walk down the runway and back); and then take an arbitrary time-slice <code><b>SUBWALK</b></code> of <code><b>WALK</b></code> that subsumes at least one instance of (the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">granuleOfTemporalStuff</a> for <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a>) <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViYBpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TakingAStep</a> (say her trip back from the end of the runway). <code><b>SUBWALK</b></code> is itself an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a>. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a>. See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViq35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a> for the disjoint notion of being temporally object-like. TemporalStuffType MultiIndividualAgent group of agents acting together The collection of all <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvsaaeJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_Generic</a>s that each consist of other <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvsaaeJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_Generic</a>s operating together. Usually the constituent agents form some kind of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjmoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Group</a> that itself acts as an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvsaaeJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_Generic</a>. Examples: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViSlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LegalCorporation</a>, a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwTccApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalAgent</a>, a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi4_pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Neighborhood</a> or an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjiyJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Industry_Localized</a>. Although it would be a positive exemplar of (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP1535wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GroupFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a>), the 'group of people whose first names all start with the letter 'B'' is a negative exemplar of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvZGAFpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MultiIndividualAgent</a>. In almost all contexts, such a group will not act as an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvsaaeJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_Generic</a> in any way. It is less cohesive than some of the least cohesive kinds of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvZGAFpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MultiIndividualAgent</a>s such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPzWJ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CrowdOfPeople</a>.