]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. This is the collection of all types of electronic attacks. These are divided according to the program that initiates the attack, or according to the kind of damage done, etc. attack by computer operation type AttackByComputerOperationType attack by computer operation type by degree of secrecy <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvul-8ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperationTypeByDegreeOfSecrecy</a> is a subset of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvgpArpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperationType</a>. Every instance of this collection is a collection of attacks whose degree of secrecy is significantly related to their potenital success. For example, some attacks must be conducted in such a way that discourages detection of the attack as the attack is occurring. Obviously, all 'sensible' electronic attacks will be conducted by the attacker in a manner that is intended to disguise the source of the attack, who conducted it, and so on. What makes an electronic attack 'covert' is the additional principle stated above. For an attack that is 'highly covert', see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvhUPS5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ElectronicIntelligenceAttack_Espionage</a>. AttackByComputerOperationTypeByDegreeOfSecrecy <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwOjTc5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperationTypeByMethod</a> is a subset of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvgpArpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperationType</a>. Every instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwOjTc5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperationTypeByMethod</a> is a collection of attacks instances of which are executed by similar methods. Examples include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwDyXQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_Distributed</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv7KzwZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_LogicBomb</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwAyu8ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_TimeBomb</a>. attack by computer operation type by method AttackByComputerOperationTypeByMethod AttackByComputerOperationTypeByPurpose attack by computer operation type by purpose <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv3alc5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperationTypeByPurpose</a> is a subset of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvgpArpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperationType</a>. Every instance of this collection is a subset of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvv-fq5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation</a> whose instances are attacks that share intended consequences. Examples include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwG00lpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_DenialOfService</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwItrlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_CorruptionOfInformation</a>. attack by computer operation type by program <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwIk2KJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperationTypeByProgram</a> is a subset of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvgpArpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperationType</a>. Every instance of this collection is a collection of attacks, instances of which are executed through use of the same sort of program. Examples of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwIk2KJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperationTypeByProgram</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvePkLJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_Virus</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvW6vm5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_Worm</a>. AttackByComputerOperationTypeByProgram personal electronic intelligence attack <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwS1B1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ElectronicIntelligenceAttack_Personal</a> is a subset of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv76rtZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ElectronicIntelligenceAttack_Agent</a>. It is the collection of electronic attacks directed at instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwGq7AZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputationalSystem</a> by agents having no direct affiliation with any government or any corporation. The agent is 'personal' because he or she does not act directly on behalf of any such organization. ElectronicIntelligenceAttack-Personal AttackByComputerOperation-SYNFlooding SYN flood <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvjvTZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_SYNFlooding</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwG00lpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_DenialOfService</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvjvTZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_SYNFlooding</a> is an attack in which the attacker sends SYN <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwEbutpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Packet_Internet</a>s with phony return <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv2n1AZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IPAddress</a>es, resulting in the target server staying open while it waits for the return or ACK packet to complete the handshake (to establish a connection with a remote computer -- see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rveZdv5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InternetPacketExchange</a>). While the target computer stays open, it is vulnerable to bombardment by additional phony packets, leaving no room to establish a legitimate connection. UDP packet storm <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvsN7a5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_UDPPacketStorm</a> is a subset of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwFoKu5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_DataFloodingOSCrashing</a>. It is the collection of instances of UDP packet storming attacks. In this kind of attack, the attacker floods the victim's machine with UDP <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwEbutpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Packet_Internet</a>s. Unlike other versions of UDP packet electronic attacks, such as those involving the use of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvnpZkZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BonkProgram</a>, the UDP packets may not be corrupt or malformed. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvsN7a5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_UDPPacketStorm</a> are successful when they congest the victim's computer until it cannot handle the incoming data and fails or undergoes an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjkXZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerCrashing</a>. AttackByComputerOperation-UDPPacketStorm <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwVZXWJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_Bonk</a> is the collection of uses of instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvnpZkZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BonkProgram</a> to overwhelm a computer with corrupt instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvwSyTZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Packet_UDP</a>. Bonk attack AttackByComputerOperation-Bonk AttackByComputerOperation-ProgramCrashing <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvxHul5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_ProgramCrashing</a> is the subset of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwG00lpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_DenialOfService</a> whose instances are intended to crash running programs. program crashing attack <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwDONs5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ElectronicIntelligenceAttack_Military</a> is a subset of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv76rtZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ElectronicIntelligenceAttack_Agent</a>. It is the collection of all electronic attacks perpetrated on instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwGq7AZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputationalSystem</a> by a military agent. electronic intelligence attack military ElectronicIntelligenceAttack-Military AttackByComputerOperation-Staged staged attack by computer operation <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rRdqLAhO_Qdid3aouW_3Qcw" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_Staged</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvv-fq5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation</a> and an instance of <font color="#ff0000">#$ScriptedEventType</font>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rRdqLAhO_Qdid3aouW_3Qcw" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_Staged</a> is a complex event which procedes in four stages. First, the attacker scans the target range of addresses. Second, the attacker scans active IP addresses to find open ports on them. Third, the attacker launches a banner scan to on the open ports to ascertain what specific services are running on the open ports. Finally, the attacker runs an exploit on the faulty services identified by the banner scan. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rRdqLAhO_Qdid3aouW_3Qcw" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_Staged</a> are often preceded by a domain search query to determine which range of IP addresses correspond to a particular domain name. For collections representing the various stages of this sort of attack, see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rviV6D5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ProbingAComputerNetwork</a> (with its sub-event types <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rVtRXshO_Qdibq914FGs2XQ" class="cyc_term">IPDiscoveryScan</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPae0JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PortScan</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rbC1TUhO_QdiGG56DCH1G8g" class="cyc_term">BannerScan</a>) and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJxt8JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PlacementOfMaliciousProgram</a>. ElectronicIntelligenceAttack-Information electronic intelligence attack aimed at gathering a specific kind of information <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvmL10JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ElectronicIntelligenceAttack_Information</a> is the subset of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvv-fq5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation</a> whose instances are defined by the kind of information that is the object of the attack. 'Kind of information' might be explicated in terms of the value of the information to the information-holder, it's value to the attacker, whether it is protected, whether it is classified, whether and to what degree it is restricted, and others. Examples of specific kinds of information that might become the object of an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvmL10JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ElectronicIntelligenceAttack_Information</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rPg_nynS9EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">ProtectedInformation</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rFPOqWnS6EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">RestrictedInformation</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rfbzoTHStEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">Classification_US</a> information, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rTx8JlHTAEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">PublicInformation</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwKcVxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SecurityInformation</a>, and perhaps others. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvnJr1JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_Fraggle</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvsN7a5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_UDPPacketStorm</a>. Instances of this collection are similar to instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwC9wtZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_Smurfing</a>, except they involve flooding a computer with UPD packets instead of ICMP packets. AttackByComputerOperation-Fraggle fraggle attack cyber vandalism <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvbwSBpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_Vandalism</a> is a subset of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj_55wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Vandalism</a> in which each the vandalism occurs through electronic means and damages, say, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvrgHFpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerFileCopy</a> or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvz7_25wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WorldWideWebSite</a>. AttackByComputerOperation-Vandalism web site defacement <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv9Pxq5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_DefacingAWebsite</a> is a subset of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvv-fq5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation</a>. In every instance of this collection, some instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvz7_25wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WorldWideWebSite</a> is the object of some form of vandalism. AttackByComputerOperation-DefacingAWebsite email bomb attack AttackByComputerOperation-EMailBomb <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvtMp2JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_EMailBomb</a> is a subset of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwG00lpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_DenialOfService</a>. In each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvtMp2JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_EMailBomb</a>, a great deal of e-mail is sent to a target, usually jamming the target's incoming e-mail box. AttackByComputerOperation-TimeBomb attack by computer operation time bomb <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwAyu8ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_TimeBomb</a> is the collection of all attacks in which elements of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvnWO7JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TimeBomb_Computer</a> are used. corporate electronic intelligence attack ElectronicIntelligenceAttack-Corporate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv9vSapwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ElectronicIntelligenceAttack_Corporate</a> is a subset of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv76rtZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ElectronicIntelligenceAttack_Agent</a>. It is the collection of all electronic attacks perpetrated on instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwGq7AZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputationalSystem</a> by agents acting in the interests of some instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViSlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LegalCorporation</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvg2cypwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_TearDrop</a> is a subset of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwFoKu5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_DataFloodingOSCrashing</a>. It is the collection of uses of instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvqh4_JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TearDrop_DenialOfServiceProgram</a> to perform an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwG00lpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_DenialOfService</a> on a computer by sending malformed instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwEbutpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Packet_Internet</a> to a victim's machine in order to flood the machine's memory and thereby cause an instance <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjkXZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerCrashing</a>. AttackByComputerOperation-TearDrop tear drop attack destruction of information attack AttackByComputerOperation-DestructionOfInformation <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwBBccpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_DestructionOfInformation</a> is a subset of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwItrlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_CorruptionOfInformation</a> and an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv3alc5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperationTypeByPurpose</a>. It is the collection of electtonic attacks that involve the destruction of information on their victim's <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwGq7AZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputationalSystem</a>s. Like <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvbwSBpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_Vandalism</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwBBccpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_DestructionOfInformation</a> requires a deliberate, malicious intention to corrupt information possessed by the victim. Unlike vandalism, all instances of destruction of information must have as their primary purpose the willful destruction of that information. A website defacement where someone posted critical information or unwanted images would not qualify, whereas an attack where the primary purpose was the deleting of files would qualify. a smurf attack <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwC9wtZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_Smurfing</a> is the collection of electronic attacks in which the attacker sends a large stream of spoofed instances of ping <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwEbutpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Packet_Internet</a>s to a broadcast address (an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv2n1AZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IPAddress</a> that services an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirUZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerNetwork</a>). The packets have as their source IP address the spoofed address of the victim. When the broadcast host relays the packets to all of the host computers on its network, the hosts reply to the victim, resulting in a multiplication of the information sent to the victim and, if successful, disabling the victim's machine. (These attacks have been referred to as &quot;smurf attacks&quot; because the name of one of the exploit programs attackers use to execute this attack is called &quot;smurf.&quot;) AttackByComputerOperation-Smurfing <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwFoKu5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_DataFloodingOSCrashing</a> is a subset of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvqZC45wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_DataFlooding</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwFbuXZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_OSCrashing</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwFoKu5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_DataFloodingOSCrashing</a> is an electronic attack in which the objective of the attack is to flood a computer or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirUZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerNetwork</a> with enough information to cause a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjkXZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerCrashing</a>. Such attacks are typically instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvg_o25wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_Coordinated</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwDyXQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_Distributed</a> as well. data flooding OS crashing attack AttackByComputerOperation-DataFloodingOSCrashing <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvqZC45wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_DataFlooding</a> is a subset of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwG00lpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_DenialOfService</a>. It is the collection of electronic attacks in which an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwGq7AZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputationalSystem</a> is flooded with data with the aim of denying service to the system. data flooding attack AttackByComputerOperation-DataFlooding <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv76rtZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ElectronicIntelligenceAttack_Agent</a> is the subset of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvo48FpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ElectronicIntelligenceAttack_General</a> whose instances are defined by the agent responsible for the attack. Examples include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwDONs5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ElectronicIntelligenceAttack_Military</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv9vSapwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ElectronicIntelligenceAttack_Corporate</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwS1B1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ElectronicIntelligenceAttack_Personal</a>. electronic intelligence attack agent ElectronicIntelligenceAttack-Agent cyber attack A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvbfzAZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackOnObject</a>, <font color="#ff0000">#$ActsCommonlyConsideredCriminal</font> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViFUJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerActivity</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvv-fq5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation</a> an attack executed using computer operations as weapons. Commonly, instances of this collection are called &quot;electronic attacks&quot; or &quot;cyber attacks&quot;. This collection includes as specializations <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwG00lpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_DenialOfService</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwItrlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_CorruptionOfInformation</a> and many others. Note that <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvv-fq5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation</a> is not a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvmO0F5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackOnIBT</a>, because many instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvv-fq5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation</a> do not involve an attempt to change the information content of their targets. AttackByComputerOperation <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwFbuXZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_OSCrashing</a> is the subset of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwG00lpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation_DenialOfService</a> whose instances are intended to crash computers. OS crashing attack AttackByComputerOperation-OSCrashing This is the collection of all types of electronic attacks. These are divided according to the program that initiates the attack, or according to the kind of damage done, etc. attack by computer operation type AttackByComputerOperationType The collection of all specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>, that is, of all collections of (first-order) collections, and an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHUFI8h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">ThirdOrderCollection</a>. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> are collections of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>s. Any instance of any instance of any instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Individual</a>. SecondOrderCollection second-order Cyc collection attack type by weapon type AttackTypeByWeaponType <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwMXXjpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackTypeByWeaponType</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWgTEJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackType</a>. Each instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwMXXjpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackTypeByWeaponType</a> is a collection of attacks, each instance of which is executed with a weapon of a certain type (e.g., one instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwMXXjpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackTypeByWeaponType</a> is the collection of attacks executed with biological weapons, another is the collection of attacks executed with computer programs, etc.). This is the collection of all types of electronic attacks. These are divided according to the program that initiates the attack, or according to the kind of damage done, etc. attack by computer operation type AttackByComputerOperationType