]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. A collection of collections: every element of MilitaryOperationType is a collection of instances of MilitaryOperation. MilitaryOperationType type of military operation types of military operation demonstration Demonstration-MilitaryOperation A demonstration is a show of force in a location where the commander does not seek to conduct decisive operations. Its aim is to deceive the enemy. It is similar to a feint, except that contact with the enemy is not sought. FM100-40, p3-8. area defense operation AreaDefense-MilitaryOperation The collection of those defensive operations which concentrate on denying enemy access to designated terrain for a specified period of time rather than on the outright destruction of the enemy. FM 100-40. reconnaissance in force ReconnaissanceInForce-MilitaryOperation ReconnaissanceInForce is a focused collection effort in a geographic area with a force large enough to engage the enemy if detected. It is performed before, during, and after other operations to provide information used by the commander to confirm or modify his course of action. FM100-40, p15-1. MilitaryDefensiveOperation The collection of all instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvhxFJZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MilitaryOperation</a> where the primary purpose or goal is defensive in nature. This collection is inclusive of concerted operations carried out by multiple units. For individual <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwCCSNZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MilitaryAction</a>s carried out by particular units, see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVr5lZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MilitaryTask_Defensive</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvuMS3ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MilitaryDefensiveOperation</a> is the 'defensive' analog of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvmWl5ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MilitaryOffensiveOperation</a>. defensive operation counterattack Counterattack-MilitaryOperation The collection of instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvmWl5ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MilitaryOffensiveOperation</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv8sQAZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MilitaryAttack</a> which are conducted in response to an attack initiated by an enemy force. rearward passage of lines A rearward passage of lines occurs when a unit passes through another unit while moving away from the enemy. FM100-40, p18- 2. A rearward passage of lines is similar in concept to a forward passage of lines. It continues the defense or retrograde operation. It maintains enemy contact while allowing for the recovery of the security force or the replacement of a unit that is combat-ineffective. RearwardPassageOfLines-MilitaryOperation A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvmWl5ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MilitaryOffensiveOperation</a>. Instances are offensive operations characterized by actual instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJ8OtZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Engagement_Military</a>, a requirement that does not extend to instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvmWl5ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MilitaryOffensiveOperation</a> in general. attack operation Attack-MilitaryOperation retrograde defense operation RetrogradeDefense-MilitaryOperation The collection of those defensive operations in which there is an organized movement to the rear or away from the enemy. FM 100-40. A river crossing operation is an enabling operation conducted in order to project combat power across a water obstacle. river crossing RiverCrossing-MilitaryOperation SearchAndAttack-MilitaryOperation This is the collection of instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvhxFJZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MilitaryOperation</a> that are performed by smaller, light maneuver units, and air cavalry or air assault units in large areas. It is used when the enemy disperses in an area of close terrain that is unsuited for heavy forces, when enemy weaknesses cannot be found, or to deny the enemy movement in an area. FM 100-5. search and attack operation Retirement-MilitaryOperation military retirement A retirement is a task in a retrograde operation in which a force out of contact with the enemy moves away from the enemy, usually to the rear. A retiring unit organizes for combat but does not anticipate interference by enemy ground forces. FM100-40, p13-29. Security-MilitaryOperation The collection of all military operations conducted to protect the friendly force by providing early and accurate warning of enemy operations, to provide the force being protected with time and maneuver space within which to react to the enemy, and to develop the situation to allow the commander to effectively use the protected force. Security operations orient on the force or facility to be protected, rather than on the enemy. FM 100-40. security operation forward passage of lines ForwardPassageOfLines-MilitaryOperation A forward passage of lines occurs when a unit passes through a unit's positions while moving toward the enemy. FM100-40, p18-2. The purpose of a forward passage of lines is to conduct operations, such as an attack, reconnaissance, or security. This operation is designed to ensure maintenance of enemy contact. FM100-40, p18-8. GuardOperation (from DOD): A form of security operation whose primary task is to protect the main force by fighting to gain time while also observing and reporting information, and to prevent enemy ground observation of and direct fire against the main body by reconnoitering, attacking, defending, and delaying. guard operation offensive operation The collection of all instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvhxFJZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MilitaryOperation</a> where the primary purpose or goal is offensive in nature. This collection is inclusive of concerted operations carried out by multiple units. For individual <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwCCSNZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MilitaryAction</a>s carried out by particular units, see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwNegjJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MilitaryTask_Offensive</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvmWl5ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MilitaryOffensiveOperation</a> is the 'defensive' analog of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvuMS3ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MilitaryDefensiveOperation</a>. MilitaryOffensiveOperation mobile defense operation MobileDefense-MilitaryOperation The mobile defense operation focuses on defeating or destroying the enemy force by allowing him to advance to a point where he is exposed to a decisive counterattack by the striking force. The commander organizes his force into two principal groups: the fixing force and the striking force. The primary defeat mechanism, the counterattack, is supplemented by the fires of the fixing force. The mobile defense is normally conducted by brigades, divisions and corps. Battalions and smaller units do not conduct a mobile defense because they are incapable of conducting operations in depth and fighting multiple engagements while resourcing the striking force, the fixing force, and a reserve. FM100- 40, Ch12. pacification The collection of all pacification. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvhxFJZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MilitaryOperation</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvs8YhpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Pacification_MilitaryOperation</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv5r6TpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MilitaryEventType</a>. Pacification-MilitaryOperation PassageOfLines-MilitaryOperation A passage of lines is an generally an operation in which one unit moves through another unit's positions with the intent of moving into or out of enemy contact. It involves the transfer of responsibility for fighting an enemy force from one unit to another in close operations. The commander's reasons for conducting a passage of lines are to sustain the tempo of an offensive operation with fresh forces forces to a defense task. FM100-40, p18-2. passage of lines moving to contact A movement to contact is an attack to gain or reestablish contact with the enemy. A properly executed movement to contact develops the combat situation and maintains the commander's freedom of action after contact is gained. This flexibility is essential in maintaining the initiative. Enemy forces (other than the final objective) within the assigned area will be put at a disadvantage by being disrupted, fixed or defeated. The movement to contact terminates when it reaches its final objective or limit of advance, or must conduct a deliberate attack, a hasty defense, or retrograde. FM100-40, Ch4. MovementToContact-MilitaryOperation approach march ApproachMarch-MilitaryOperation <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvemi_ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ApproachMarch_MilitaryOperation</a> is the collection of instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvhxFJZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MilitaryOperation</a> that are conducted in order to close the distance between the unit(s) in question and the enemy, whose location is relatively certain. FM 100-5. A collection of collections: every element of MilitaryOperationType is a collection of instances of MilitaryOperation. MilitaryOperationType type of military operation The collection of all specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>, that is, of all collections of (first-order) collections, and an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHUFI8h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">ThirdOrderCollection</a>. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> are collections of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>s. Any instance of any instance of any instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Individual</a>. SecondOrderCollection second-order Cyc collection A collection of collections: every element of MilitaryOperationType is a collection of instances of MilitaryOperation. MilitaryOperationType type of military operation type of military event A collection of collections. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv5r6TpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MilitaryEventType</a> is a collection of instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvnSeAJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MilitaryEvent</a>. MilitaryEventType Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString A collection of collections: every element of MilitaryOperationType is a collection of instances of MilitaryOperation. MilitaryOperationType type of military operation