]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. Auction-Event The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViMOJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BusinessEvent</a>s in which instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkFYpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Product</a> are sold to the highest bidder. An auction lasts from a few minutes to several days and involves the gathering of potential buyers--called 'bidders'--who make offers on the products being sold. The offers are called 'bids.' Typically, the product is sold to the person who offers the most money for it, which person is called the 'highest bidder'. auction http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auction has auctioneered auctioneer auctioneers auctioneered will have auctioneered have auctioneered will auctioneer auctions auctioneering had auctioneered OnlineAuction The collection of all <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvotkAJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Auction_Event</a>s conducted through a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvz7_25wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WorldWideWebSite</a>. A description of each item up for bids is placed on the website, and bidders submit their bids electronically. The transaction is generally mediated by the operators of the website. online auction The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViMOJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BusinessEvent</a>s in which instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkFYpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Product</a> are sold to the highest bidder. An auction lasts from a few minutes to several days and involves the gathering of potential buyers--called 'bidders'--who make offers on the products being sold. The offers are called 'bids.' Typically, the product is sold to the person who offers the most money for it, which person is called the 'highest bidder'. Auction-Event auction The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViADZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Event</a>s which occur in front of, or in the contemporaneous awareness of, a large number of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a>s -- <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVz97JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ThePublic</a>. Usually these are intended to be public events, such as the Olympics, a public beheading, etc. public event PublicEvent The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViMOJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BusinessEvent</a>s in which instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkFYpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Product</a> are sold to the highest bidder. An auction lasts from a few minutes to several days and involves the gathering of potential buyers--called 'bidders'--who make offers on the products being sold. The offers are called 'bids.' Typically, the product is sold to the person who offers the most money for it, which person is called the 'highest bidder'. Auction-Event auction Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString CommercialActivity A collection of events and a specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv7B1XJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EconomicAction</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjdf5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Transaction</a>. Instances of this collection include all types of buying, selling, offering to sell, offering to buy, marketing, paying for bought items, requesting bids, performing services for hire, advertising, etc. Its many specializations include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvpz69ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LoanRepaying</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjXvZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Renting</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvtt8wJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ProductRecall</a>. Though there is a great deal of overlap between this collection and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViMOJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BusinessEvent</a>, they are not the same. Firstly, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViMOJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BusinessEvent</a> does not include any purely social or recreational events (whereas a weekend swap-meet, for example, would be an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViHpJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CommercialActivity</a>). Secondly, not all activities carried out in pursuit of business interests fall under the definition of commercial activity above (consider head-hunting, for example). commercial activity The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViMOJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BusinessEvent</a>s in which instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkFYpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Product</a> are sold to the highest bidder. An auction lasts from a few minutes to several days and involves the gathering of potential buyers--called 'bidders'--who make offers on the products being sold. The offers are called 'bids.' Typically, the product is sold to the person who offers the most money for it, which person is called the 'highest bidder'. Auction-Event auction type of temporally stuff-like thing A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVir35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StuffType</a> (q.v.) whose instances are all and only those collections that are temporally stuff-like. A collection <code>COL</code> is temporally stuff-like just in case every purely temporal part (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a>) of an instance of <code>COL</code> is itself an instance of <code>COL</code>, unless it is a temporal part of a temporal granule of <code>COL</code> (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">granuleOfTemporalStuff</a>). More precisely, for a collection <code>COL</code> to be an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a> it is both a necessary and sufficient condition that for any <code>OBJ1</code> and <code>OBJ2</code> (with <code>OBJ2</code> at or above <code>COL</code>'s temporal granularity level), if <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> OBJ1 COL)</code> and <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a> OBJ1 OBJ2)</code>, then <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> OBJ2 COL)</code>. Consider <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a>. Take an arbitrary instance <code>WALK</code> of this collection (say Miss America 2000's victory walk down the runway and back); and then take an arbitrary time-slice <code>SUBWALK</code> of <code>WALK</code> that subsumes at least one instance of (the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">granuleOfTemporalStuff</a> for <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a>) <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViYBpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TakingAStep</a> (say her trip back from the end of the runway). <code>SUBWALK</code> is itself an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a>. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a>. See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViq35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a> for the disjoint notion of being temporally object-like. TemporalStuffType The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViMOJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BusinessEvent</a>s in which instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkFYpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Product</a> are sold to the highest bidder. An auction lasts from a few minutes to several days and involves the gathering of potential buyers--called 'bidders'--who make offers on the products being sold. The offers are called 'bids.' Typically, the product is sold to the person who offers the most money for it, which person is called the 'highest bidder'. Auction-Event auction