]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. MarchingBandInstrumentType The collection of musical instruments which by default are found in a marching band. This collection is context-sensitive: marching bands in Lhasa, Ayacucho, Kigali, Rabat, and Ancient Rome (not to mention the Alpha Centauri system) all would have different default instrument types. In the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPe7s5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MainstreamAmericanCultureMt</a> this collection includes <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPR01ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Tuba</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQrtNZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Flute</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVmSe5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DrumInstrument</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPR1A5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cymbal</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQtnWpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Violin</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViiWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Piano_Acoustic</a> are negative exemplars. Perhaps <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQrt5ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Clarinet</a> should not be an instance since, although there is nothing abnormal about clarinets being found in certain particular marching bands, clarinets are not something which you would find say 80% of the time. type of marching band instrument types of marching band instrument The collection of all trumpets. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi-WZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BrassInstrument</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPR06JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Trumpet</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvqidoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MarchingBandInstrumentType</a>, a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a>, and an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rejmDbrF_QdeIENT1qpbYzQ" class="cyc_term">ArtifactTypeByGenericCategory</a>. trumpet Trumpet cymbal Cymbal metal disk that is struck with a stick or with another cymbal BassDrum bass drum low pitched drum The collection of all saxophones. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLKLIZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SingleReedWoodwindInstrument</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQrc2JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Saxophone</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvqidoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MarchingBandInstrumentType</a>, a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a>, and an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rejmDbrF_QdeIENT1qpbYzQ" class="cyc_term">ArtifactTypeByGenericCategory</a>. Saxophone saxophone Flute The collection of all flutes. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjvh5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WoodwindInstrument</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQrtNZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Flute</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvqidoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MarchingBandInstrumentType</a>, a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a>, and an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rejmDbrF_QdeIENT1qpbYzQ" class="cyc_term">ArtifactTypeByGenericCategory</a>. flute Tuba tuba large brass instrument; also called a Sousaphone trombone long medium-sized brass instrument Trombone snare drum SnareDrum two-headed drum with a snare attached to one side The collection of all specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>, that is, of all collections of (first-order) collections, and an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHUFI8h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">ThirdOrderCollection</a>. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> are collections of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>s. Any instance of any instance of any instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Individual</a>. SecondOrderCollection second-order Cyc collection A collection of collections. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj27ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a> (q.v.). Moreover, each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a> is a collection that is temporally stuff-like (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a>) but physically-spatially object-like (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a>) -- i.e. object-like with respect to some physical-spatial part-whole predicate (e.g. some specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r8a2smPXcQdiEoJhcx65EiQ" class="cyc_term">properPhysicalDecompositions</a>). Consider the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj27ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a>. Further, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a> is temporally stuff-like: any one of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a> of a given copy <code>COPY</code> of (say) "Moby Dick" is still a copy of "Moby Dick". (Most collections of tangible objects are temporally stuff-like in this way.) But <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a> is spatially object-like: if we take a scalpel and slice <code>COPY</code> into ten pieces, each piece is not a copy of "Moby Dick". So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a>. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVir35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StuffType</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVny6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingStuffType</a>. ExistingObjectType type of object MarchingBandInstrumentType The collection of musical instruments which by default are found in a marching band. This collection is context-sensitive: marching bands in Lhasa, Ayacucho, Kigali, Rabat, and Ancient Rome (not to mention the Alpha Centauri system) all would have different default instrument types. In the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPe7s5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MainstreamAmericanCultureMt</a> this collection includes <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPR01ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Tuba</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQrtNZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Flute</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVmSe5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DrumInstrument</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPR1A5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cymbal</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQtnWpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Violin</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViiWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Piano_Acoustic</a> are negative exemplars. Perhaps <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQrt5ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Clarinet</a> should not be an instance since, although there is nothing abnormal about clarinets being found in certain particular marching bands, clarinets are not something which you would find say 80% of the time. type of marching band instrument Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString MarchingBandInstrumentType The collection of musical instruments which by default are found in a marching band. This collection is context-sensitive: marching bands in Lhasa, Ayacucho, Kigali, Rabat, and Ancient Rome (not to mention the Alpha Centauri system) all would have different default instrument types. In the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPe7s5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MainstreamAmericanCultureMt</a> this collection includes <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPR01ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Tuba</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQrtNZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Flute</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVmSe5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DrumInstrument</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPR1A5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cymbal</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQtnWpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Violin</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViiWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Piano_Acoustic</a> are negative exemplars. Perhaps <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQrt5ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Clarinet</a> should not be an instance since, although there is nothing abnormal about clarinets being found in certain particular marching bands, clarinets are not something which you would find say 80% of the time. type of marching band instrument