]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. DurativeEventType A collection of collections. If TYPE is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwNyXxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DurativeEventType</a>, each instance of TYPE is a "durative event" extended through time, i.e., it endures continuously between its starting and ending points, and such points are not simultaneous. As an example, writing a letter is a durative event type, since an event of this type will (except in "degenerate" cases) have a distinct starting point, a period of time in the middle during which writing occurs, and an end point at which the letter is written. By contrast, winning a prize is an instantaneous change: up to the moment the event takes place, you don't have the prize, after that you do. Granted, the awarding of the prize might in fact have a physical duration, but from a conceptual or logical point of view it might as well have none. If one thinks of events as the occurrence of "changes", one may regard durative events as changes that intrinsically occupy a continuous, non-zero chunk of time, and non-durative events (for which see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv4unQpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PunctualEventType</a>) as instantaneous changes. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv9vChJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CumulativeEventType</a> is a proper specialization of this collection, because the cumulativity property (see the salient assertion for <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv9vChJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CumulativeEventType</a>) implies that all process types can have temporal extension. Naturally, many <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwNyXxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DurativeEventType</a>s are not cumulative, but rather <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv48ocpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AccomplishmentType</a>s. type of durative event types of durative event learned activity LearnedActivityType This is the collection of activities which must first be learned before they can be performed--i.e., before any role which is a specPred of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP1HmJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a> can be played. type of human capability This is the collection of all types of action which can be performed in normal circumstances by any adult human being, that is, they are human capabilities in the sense that we expect a normal adult person to be able to do them in typical circumstances. This is not the collection of types of action which can be done by some, but not all, persons. For example, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a> is an instance, but <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvYn_nZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Juggling</a> is not, because all normal people can walk but only some can juggle. HumanCapabilityType ComputerActivityType An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA4pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SiblingDisjointCollectionType</a>. Each instance of this (second-order) collection is a subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViFUJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerActivity</a> all of whose instances are a particular and distinct type of activity. Examples include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvdMvgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EMailSending</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BootingAComputer</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjkXZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerCrashing</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvm2Dx5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OnlineChat</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvv-fq5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackByComputerOperation</a> is not an instance as it is not distinct enough. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvzTVp5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EnteringAComputerPassword</a> is an instance, but <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwOH4i5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EnteringADomainAdministratorPassword</a> is not as it is too specific. This collection is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA4pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SiblingDisjointCollectionType</a> because it is assumed that computer-related activities are analysed fine-grainedly enough that if a putative instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViFUJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerActivity</a> would fall under two sibling <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rzJQyqGkeEdaAAAABAxv-7A" class="cyc_term">ComputerActivityType</a>s, it should be analysed as two events. computer activity type (CollectionIntersection2Fn TemporalStuffType DurativeEventType) type of temporally stuff-like thing that is also a type of durative event type of temporally stuff-like thing that is also a type of durative event A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rsptUGhfiQdmQ1dIv6htA7Q" class="cyc_term">ProcessType</a> is the collection intersection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwNyXxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DurativeEventType</a>; that is, a thing is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rsptUGhfiQdmQ1dIv6htA7Q" class="cyc_term">ProcessType</a> if and only if it is an instance of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwNyXxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DurativeEventType</a>. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rsptUGhfiQdmQ1dIv6htA7Q" class="cyc_term">ProcessType</a> can be constructed from instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv48ocpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AccomplishmentType</a> using <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r0VWpmNnEQdiJDq0mDlTBkQ" class="cyc_term">ProcessFn</a> (q.v.). ProcessType type of cumulative event A collection of collections. Each instance of an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv9vChJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CumulativeEventType</a> is an event. Moreover, each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv9vChJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CumulativeEventType</a> is a collection with the following property of 'cumulativity': if PROCESS-COL is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv9vChJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CumulativeEventType</a>, and PROCESS-1 and PROCESS-2 are instances of PROCESS-COL, then the minimal event containing PROCESS-1 and PROCESS-2 (that is, (#$EventSumFn PROCESS-1 PROCESS-2)) is also an instance of PROCESS-COL. CumulativeEventType m 1500 speed skate sports event M1500SpeedSkateSportsEvent The 1500M speed skating competition judgement SelectingSomething A collection of events. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViG3JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SelectingSomething</a> is an event, perhaps an extended activity, during which something is selected. Selecting may be relatively simple or prolonged and complex; e.g., selecting an apple from a grocery store's produce counter, or choosing a general contractor to build a new courthouse. An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViG3JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SelectingSomething</a> may have sub-events (see the predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViQmZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">subEvents</a>) which are instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjqjZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Research</a> or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi7B5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Evaluating</a>, in which an agent gathers information about the options. The selecting ends with a choice being made. Execution-Judicial execution A specialization of (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVibrpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">KillingFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rIcwFloGUQdeMlsOWYLFB2w" class="cyc_term">HomoSapiens</a>) and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViZKJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Punishing</a>. Each element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvlgftZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Execution_Judicial</a> is a judicially sanctioned action of putting a person to death as a punishment for some crime. Thus, it excludes Mafia 'hits' and euthanasia, even if the euthanasia is sanctioned by some part of the judicial system. CrossingViaRibbonRaft crossing a river via a ribbon raft Swim-200MeterIndivMedley swim 200 meter indiv medley SeizingAndHoldingHostage seizing someone to hold them hostage A specialization of #$ActsCommonlyConsideredCriminal. In each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rXHhn6q-xEdqAAAACs40hRg" class="cyc_term">SeizingAndHoldingHostage</a>, an agent seizes and subsequently holds as hostage(s) one or more <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a>s. Instances of this collection thus have instances of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rQDbZUGxuQdiE_a0da91vrw" class="cyc_term">HostileSeizure</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwOMtT5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HoldingHostage</a>s as sub-events. Note that the seizure may occur as part of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rcCFeBCDNEdaAAACQJ5pZBw" class="cyc_term">KidnappingSomeone</a> -- where the person seized is subsequently transported to an unknown or inaccessible location -- or may simply consist of gaining control over the person by threat of force (e.g., holding someone at gunpoint while issuing demands). Typically, the purpose of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVt07JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">perpetrator</a> is to coerce other agents -- who have a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjo9pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">positiveVestedInterest</a> in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rctAoGC02EdaAAACQJ5GoQA" class="cyc_term">hostages</a> -- to accede to some demand. See, for example, the specialization <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rfLBsyDkKEduAAAACs6hbjw" class="cyc_term">SeizingAndHoldingHostageForRansom</a>. PassingThroughAnInitiallyPermanentlyObstructedPortal An <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv48ocpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AccomplishmentType</a> and specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rx5aaAsQtEdqAAACQJw5drg" class="cyc_term">PassingThroughAnInitiallyObstructedPortal</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rqrzrBMQwEdqAAACQJw5drg" class="cyc_term">PassingThroughAnInitiallyPermanentlyObstructedPortal</a> is an event in which an object passes through a portal that was permanently obstructed immediately beforehand. A positive example would be a ball smashing through an unopenable window. A negative example would be a ball smashing through an openable window that happens to be closed. passing through an initially permanently obstructed portal picking a leaf PickingALeaf The collection of events in which a single leaf is picked MakingABankDeposit A collection of events; a subset of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkKMpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MoneyTransfer</a>. In an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP1NOpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MakingABankDeposit</a>, an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a> (or representative thereof) deposits currency, checks, or other financial tender into a bank account (usually the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a>'s personal bank account, or the bank account of the company for which they work). An agent may make a deposit in person at the bank, but it might also be made by mail, over the telephone, electronically via modem, at an ATM machine, etc. making a bank deposit In an instance of this collection, an object's length (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjbZpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">lengthOfObject</a>) is decreased by some amount. ShorteningEvent shortening event A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvsq4fJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ChangeOfStatusEvent</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViN65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HumanActivity</a>. In each instance of this collection an agent performs the final paying event on some monetary debt owed, at which time the debt is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rfudujnS5EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">PaidInFull</a>. This collection refers to the act of paying the last installment and the subsequent release from debt, not the entire series of paying events that occur once someone has incurred debt. making the final payment on a debt PayingOffDebt-LastPayment Connecting solid objects together with a Bolt, often with a nut. bolting BoltingTo tip TippingOver Events in which an object turns over. If the object is an open container, it can no longer support (all) its contents. This turn involves an approximately 90 degree <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViO_JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Turning</a> around a horizontal #$IntrinsicAxisOfObject while remaining in contact with some supporting material (although other support may be lost). This is an abnormal, normally unintended event. Prior to <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkMXZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TippingOver</a> an object is normally (reasonably) <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPusbZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RightSideUp</a>. After <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkMXZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TippingOver</a>, an object is not <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPusbZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RightSideUp</a>. CrossingViaM4T6Raft crossing via m4t6 raft BuryingSomething burial Covering something, typically by digging a hole in the ground, putting the object in the hole, and covering it with the dirt that was dug out. Above-ground burials involve piling something on top of the object to be buried, until it is covered. ProtectingArtificialTangibleObject protecting artificial tangible object The 500M speed skating competition M500SpeedSkateSportsEvent m 500 speed skate sports event An <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv48ocpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AccomplishmentType</a> and specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjCmJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PassingThroughPortal</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r3xisJMQtEdqAAACQJw5drg" class="cyc_term">PassingThroughAnInitiallyUnobstructedPortal</a> is an event in which an object passes through a portal that was unobstructed immediately beforehand. Examples include a person walking through a doorway whose door covering is in an open position, a ball being thrown through a window portal whose window covering is in an open position, and a car passing through a ("permanently open") portal to a tunnel. A notable specialization is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r5jso3sQsEdqAAACQJw5drg" class="cyc_term">PassingThroughAnInitiallyOpenPortal</a> PassingThroughAnInitiallyUnobstructedPortal passing through an initially unobstructed portal ExtinguishingAFire extinguishment ControllingAnAgentsMediaExposure A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViMHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ControllingSomething</a>. Each instance of this collection is an event that may span days up to years, in which one agent intentionally limits the media to which another agent is exposed. Positive examples of this collection include the subevents of sequestering a jury, in which the members of the jury are prohibited from watching, reading, or listening to news about the trial. Another example of this collection includes the events in which a parent limits a child's media exposure, like using the V-chip to prevent the child from watching movies and shows at an R rating. In addition to preventing an agent from seeing undesired media, specializations of this collection would include deliberate exposure to desirous media. For example, a conservative Christian household may show children 'Veggie Tales' because it contains a Christian message. controlling an agent's media exposure utility wire project bury An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViq35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a> and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQCGuJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BuryingSomething</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rs7LAAHy1EdeTQACgycbRww" class="cyc_term">UtilityWireProject_Bury</a> is an event in which one or more construction workers bury an underground <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPKwsJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">UtilityWire</a> that has been exposed for purposes of repairing it. UtilityWireProject-Bury providing safe haven ProvidingSafeHaven ProtectingPartiallyTangible protecting partially tangible credit card payment CreditCardPayment The collection of all credit card payments. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4riS-REAceQdmJV6pCNzCZTg" class="cyc_term">LoanPayment</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r9X0VjETBQdmI2sV2ECeB5g" class="cyc_term">DecreasingTheBalanceOnAnAccount</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwEzygJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CreditCardPayment</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwNyXxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DurativeEventType</a>. CrossingViaRaft crossing via a raft The collection of all <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVids5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MoneyTransaction</a>s in which the remaining unpaid principle amount of a mortgage or other long-term loan is paid to the lender, extinguishing the debt. This final payment is larger than the regular payments. balloon payment BalloonPayment The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViADZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Event</a>s in which a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjuY5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cell</a> from an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjE1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Organism_Whole</a> is collected and appropriately manipulated so as to turn it into a second <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjE1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Organism_Whole</a> which is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwNYf4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">geneticallyIdentical</a> to the first one. Cloning cloning Swimming race - 200 meter backstroke. swim 200 meter backstroke Swim-200MeterBackstroke IonicBonding ionic bonding The collection of all instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwRtzE5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ChemicalBonding</a> that establish an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4roY6aHvA_QdaVYNk7B0T1Uw" class="cyc_term">IonicBond</a> between atoms. solving SolvingAProblem A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvkQUA5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnalyzingSomething</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVieP5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PurposefulAction</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViFkZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SolvingAProblem</a> is an event in which an agent uses mental activity to devise a (correct or incorrect) solution to a problem. Important specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViFkZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SolvingAProblem</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjU3pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Diagnosing</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjb7ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ResolvingAConflict</a>. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv-y53pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">problemToSolve</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvpecYpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ProblemSolvingSituation</a>. A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVrT7JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ContractNegotiation</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViHpJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CommercialActivity</a>. Each instance of this collection is a negotiation intended to result in an agreement (cf. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVotnJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SalesAgreement</a>) which is a sales contract. sales contract negotiation SalesContractNegotiation execution ExecutionStyleMurder A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQrtcJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Murder</a>. Each instance of this collection is an event in which an agent murders a person 'execution-style.' Execution-style may mean several things, but essentially the idea is that an agent kills another in the manner that someone might be put to death as in a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvlgftZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Execution_Judicial</a>. A notable specialization of this collection is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rAM9krhDzEdaAAACQJ5pZBw" class="cyc_term">ShootingSomeoneExecutionStyle</a>, and this collection may include murders by beheading, hanging, burning, and so forth. The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvhniyBjXEdaAAABgCEAsSQ" class="cyc_term">InfectingEvent_IndirectTransmission</a>s in which contaminated inanimate objects or substances serve as an intermediate means by which an infectious agent is transported to receptive portal (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv6XcgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">infectingOccursAt</a>) through which an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjE1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Organism_Whole</a> may become infected. The infectious agent may or may not have multiplied on or in the vehicle before being transmitted. Since the vehicle is inanimate, the vehicle cannot itself become infected. Potential vehicles of infection include toys, bedding, eating utensils and surgical instruments; substances such as food, water, milk; and biological products such as blood, plasma, tissue. vehicle borne transmission infection event InfectingEvent-VehicleBorneTransmission Swim-100MeterBreaststroke Swimming race - 100 meter breaststroke. 100 meter breaststroke PlantingATree The collection of all events in which a (usually immature) tree is intentionally placed in soil planting a tree appraisal This is the collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViADZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Event</a>s in which someone (usually an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwVT24pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Appraiser</a>) estimates the amount that would be paid for a certain object either (a) if it were sold in either a retail or a wholesale context, (b) if a new one had to be bought to replace it, or (c) if one in the same condition had to be bought to replace it. For relating a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkFYpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Product</a> to its appraised value, use <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvfrIy5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">appraisedValue</a>. Appraising burying someone alive BuryingSomeoneAlive This is the subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQCGuJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BuryingSomething</a> in which the thing buried is a living <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a>. run 5k meter Run-5KMeter plugging in of a power cord The collection of events in which a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkL15wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PowerCord</a> gets connected to an electrical outlet. PluggingInAPowerCord fusion A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv4pZgpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PhysicalSynthesis</a>, and an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rVQm5kOVJQdaQE49TKF8KuQ" class="cyc_term">CreationTypeByMethod</a>. In each <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViteJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FusionEvent</a>, two or more objects fuse together, yielding a newly-created thing. A notable specialization of this collection is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi8_5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologicalFusionEvent</a>. FusionEvent paying with a weapon PayingWithWeapon Swimming race - 200 meter butterfly stroke, not a huge insect. swim 200 meter butterfly Swim-200MeterButterfly photocopying Events in which a page of hardcopied printed or written matter is duplicated by a photocopy machine. PhotocopyingAPage paying by check PayingWithCheck-TenderObject Swimming race - 100 meter backstroke. swim 100 meter backstroke Swim-100MeterBackstroke The most general change of residence; includes moving to college, moving next door, anything which changes the residence of an actor. Not directly a transportation event, but the transportation of person and belongings is implied. relocation ChangeOfResidence PayingWithCurrency paying with currency opening a product OpeningAContainerArtifact The collection of events in which an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNjpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ContainerArtifact</a> is opened by an Agent. NOTE that the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNjpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ContainerArtifact</a> is the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkIMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">objectOfStateChange</a>, and that each such object has at least one portal, presumably with a portal covering. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjTbJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OpeningAContainerArtifact</a> means removing the portal covering from the portal (one of the portals) of a container product. The portal of a container product can be either explicitly marked (as with an `open this end' notice on a box), or implicit but conventionally understood (as with the top or lid of a tin can). The process of chopping down trees, either in a forest or one's yard CuttingDownATree felling MaintenanceOfPhysicalQuartersOfAirportOrganization maintenance of physical quarters of airport organization opening champagne OpeningChampagne ProtectingPerson protecting someone Marathon A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj1NJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RunningSportsEvent</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjAPZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IndividualSportsCompetition</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjDJpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Marathon</a> is a cross-country footrace of 26 miles, 385 yards (41.3 kilometers). marathon The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4ruIKtqBlzEdaAAABgCEAsSQ" class="cyc_term">InfectingEvent_VectorBorneTransmission</a>s in which the infectious agent infects a living <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViwMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Animal</a> (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rMhZv2Bl0EdaAAABgCEAsSQ" class="cyc_term">infectingVector</a>) before developing into a form that can infect a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVil5pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Vertebrate</a> host species. The pathogen must propagate (multiply), develop cyclically, or both inside the vector before the vector is capable of transmitting the pathogen in its infective form. The time period between the infection of the vector and the pathogen becoming infective to a different host species is the extrinsic incubation period for the infectious agent. The infectious agent may be transmitted to a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVil5pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Vertebrate</a> host in several ways which include via saliva during biting, or by regurgitation or deposition of feces or other material on the skin which penetrates through the bite wound or through the abrasions caused by scratching. biological vector borne transmission infection event InfectingEvent-BiologicalVectorBorneTransmission unwinding a DNA molecule UnwindingOfDNAHelix Each instance is a process in which the two strands of a segment of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvpIyn5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DNAMolecule</a> double helix are uncoupled. The first stage of a process of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv0TDu5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Transcription_DNAToRNA</a> is always an instance of this collection. To cut as if with a knife; the process of cutting something with a slicing tool, using a slicing motion; cutting which breaks one object into two pieces. SlicingSomething slicing opening a drawer The collection of events in which a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjV4JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Drawer</a> is pulled open. The <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNjpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ContainerArtifact</a> the drawer is a part of is also an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi65pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> in the event. Such objects tend to have one or more drawers. OpeningADrawer rubbing Rubbing A collection of events. An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVibgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Rubbing</a> is an event in which the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi65pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> is rubbed. refinancing a mortgage RefinancingAMortgage To secure is to gain possession of a position or terrain feature with or without force and try to prevent its destruction or loss by enemy action. A unit does not have to physically occupy a geographical location to secure it if the unit can prevent the enemy from occupying or firing at that location by other means. The subordinate tasks associated with secure are to prevent enemy direct and observed indirect fire from impacting on the secured area and to prevent any enemy forces from occupying or using the secured area. securing an objective SecuringAnObjective MurderDeviceUsedHandGrenade murder device used hand grenade picking fruit The collection of events in which a single fruit (the plant structure containing the seeds of flowering plants) is picked. Note that this includes (in most cases) picking a vegetable. PickingAFruit mind control A collection of events in which one agent attempts to coerce the action of another's mind against their will. This includes attempts using telepathy or ESP, but also includes, e.g., secret government experiments using drugs or satellites. Borderline positive examples include administering truth serum during an interrogation. Borderline negative examples include getting someone drunk in the hopes of facilitating sexual activity; stronger negative examples include persuading someone to believe something and coercion (using force, you can coerce someone's actions, but not their thoughts). MindControl kidnapping someone to hold them hostage KidnappingAndHoldingHostage A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rXHhn6q-xEdqAAAACs40hRg" class="cyc_term">SeizingAndHoldingHostage</a>. In each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rEz62Pq-1EdqAAAACs40hRg" class="cyc_term">KidnappingAndHoldingHostage</a>, one or more <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a>s are kidnapped and subsequently held hostage. Instances of this collection thus have instances of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rcCFeBCDNEdaAAACQJ5pZBw" class="cyc_term">KidnappingSomeone</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwOMtT5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HoldingHostage</a>s as sub-events. Typically, the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVt07JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">perpetrator</a> issues demands for the release of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rctAoGC02EdaAAACQJ5GoQA" class="cyc_term">hostages</a>, often for a ransom (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4ri9NvpirPEdqAAAACs6hcqg" class="cyc_term">DemandingARansom</a>) or for some action by government authorities. The collection of events in which some agent returns a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rcLOYUPK4QdeHfvXnrK8wHQ" class="cyc_term">Sensor_Device</a> to its default state. Postive examples of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rbMTanARAEdqAAAACs6hnlQ" class="cyc_term">ResettingASensor</a> would include resetting an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkFn5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Odometer</a> or 'zeroing out' a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViyPpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Voltmeter</a>. Note that <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rbMTanARAEdqAAAACs6hnlQ" class="cyc_term">ResettingASensor</a> is distinct from calibrating a sensor, which may or may not involve resetting. re-seting a sensor ResettingASensor PayingWithIllegalDrug paying with illegal drugs M5000SpeedSkateSportsEvent m 5000 speed skate sports event The 5000M speed skating competition wedding A subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViPO5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SocialOccurrence</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkGOpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WeddingEvent_Entire</a> is a complex event, usually discontinuous in time, consisting of all of the applicable "parts" of the event of getting married. These various parts will be <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViQmZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">subEvents</a> of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkGOpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WeddingEvent_Entire</a>. They minimally include a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViEfJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WeddingCeremony</a>, and (depending on the culture, the wishes of the betrothed, etc.) might also include a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViNTJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WeddingReception</a> and perhaps other social events (for one or both partners and their friends and family) before or after the actual ceremony. WeddingEvent-Entire RescuingSomeone rescuing The collection of events in which a person is removed from a dangerous situation. Examples would include rescuing someone who is lost in the wilderness, as well as rescuing someone who is being held captive. PlantingAPlant planting The collection of all events in which a (usually immature) plant is intentionally placed in or covered with soil Events in which a container (often a boat) turns over and can no longer support its contents (e.g. people, cargo). This involves at least a 90 degree turn around the horizontal major axis while remaining floating and in contact with a supporting liquid. This is an abnormal, normally unintended event. capsizing CapsizingEvent swim 50 meter freestyle Swim-50MeterFreestyle Swimming race - 50 meter freestyle. KidnappingAndHoldingHostageForRansom kidnapping and holding hostage for ransom Elements of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv6pGVZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InflectionalPrefixation</a> are <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwTEDhpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NLWordForm</a> formings involving the agglutination of an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwTfkaJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InflectionalPrefix</a> to an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwTEDhpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NLWordForm</a>. InflectionalPrefixation inflectional prefixation paying with gems PayingWithGemStone selecting A task to work on A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViG3JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SelectingSomething</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvrm59JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DecidingToDoSomething</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r1DVajoc4QdiC-okkUbFDeA" class="cyc_term">SelectingATaskToWorkOn</a> is an event in which an intelligent agent decides that he or she will work on a particular task. A positive example is any event in which a test-taker selects a particular test question to answer. SelectingATaskToWorkOn swim 1500 meter freestyle Swimming race - 1500 meter freestyle. Swim-1500MeterFreestyle Landing-Aircraft landing-aircraft A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViPP5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Landing</a>, air transportation, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjHwJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DeviceFinishingARun</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvyClxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Landing_Aircraft</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv48ocpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AccomplishmentType</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwNyXxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DurativeEventType</a>. Run-10KMeter run 10 k meter MurderDeviceUsedRemoteControlledDeviceBomb murder device used remote controlled device bomb MakingAPiratedCopy The collection of all events in which an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a> makes an illegal copy of copyrighted material. Examples include copying a CD owned by someone else for your personal use or for sale to others. Note that some kinds of copying of copyrighted material are not illegal - this collection includes only the illegal kinds. pirating Incorporation-Physical The collection of events in which an object or chunk of stuff comes to include, or acquire, or be joined to another object or chunk of stuff. If the additional object can be properly said to be a part of the entity into which it is incorporated, it is probably more appropriate to use <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwTvMaJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttachmentEvent</a> or one of its specs. But incorporation is more general: for instance, an egg can be incorporated into a chunk of pizza dough, or a teaspoon of cream into a cup of coffee. physical incorporation FollowingInstructions A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVioQZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Action</a> whose instances are events in which one or more intelligent agents (possibly software agents) accurately, completely, and "purposely" follow some instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjbTZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Instructions</a> (q.v.). In following instructions, one is of course thereby also doing whatever it is that the instructions are instructions for. For example, in following a certain set of instructions for baking an apple pie one is in fact baking an apple pie. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwEJk9ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FollowingInstructions</a> are by definition "successful" in that the instructions in question must not be deviated from or incompletely followed. If the instructions being followed involve one or more instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjuaJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Algorithm</a> (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvxFZ7ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">instructionsAlgorithms</a>), then the instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwEJk9ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FollowingInstructions</a> will contain that many instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvu068ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">UsingAnAlgorithm</a> (q.v.) as subevents. following instructions gearshifting GearShifting What happens when a driver shifts gears in a car. This is a subEvent of a DrivingEvent in the DriverPerspectiveMt: Since performedBy transfersThro subEvents we only want GearShifting to be performedBy the Driver. Thus a suEvent assertion should not be placed in a perspective neutral mt. sipping The liquid analogue of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVinoZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EatingAMorsel</a>. Consists of manually grasping a drinking vessel, moving it to the mouth and pouring fluid into the mouth. The last thing to happen is swallowing. DrinkingASip An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViq35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a> and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVilRZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DeliveryServiceEvent</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv-6HepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TransportationEvent</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi1apwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DeliveringSomeoneSomething</a> is an event in which one agent brings some <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj27ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a> thing to another agent as a service. The object delivered must be transported over a significant distance; thus we do not consider (e.g.) a waiter bringing food to a diner's table to be an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi1apwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DeliveringSomeoneSomething</a>. delivering DeliveringSomeoneSomething faxing FaxingADocument The collection of all events in which a hardcopied piece of text is converted to electronic signals by a fax machine, transmitted to another fax machine, and converted by it back into a hardcopy piece of text. An <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv48ocpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AccomplishmentType</a> and specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rx5aaAsQtEdqAAACQJw5drg" class="cyc_term">PassingThroughAnInitiallyObstructedPortal</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv1YLwsQwEdqAAACQJw5drg" class="cyc_term">PassingThroughAnInitiallyTemporarilyObstructedPortal</a> is an event in which an object passes through a portal that was temporarily obstructed immediately beforehand. PassingThroughAnInitiallyTemporarilyObstructedPortal passing through an initially temporarily obstructed portal HidingAnObjectByMovingIt hiding an object by moving it evacuation EvacuatingAPlace A collection of actions. In each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvddXApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EvacuatingAPlace</a>, some person, animal, or organization leaves the place it had been 'occupying' (e.g., a house, office, geographical region) in response to some perceived danger. In English, 'evacuating' is used mostly to denote flight prompted by a systematic threat to agents of a certain type or in a certain place. In this sense, leaving your home in response to an approaching hurricane or enemy army counts as 'evacuating,' while leaving your home to avoid an angry rival may not. The Cyc collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvddXApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EvacuatingAPlace</a> includes both cases. Note that the performer of an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvddXApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EvacuatingAPlace</a> may be evacuating herself or another agent or both. If an intelligent agent is evacuating herself from a place, she is both the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvXxi65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">primaryObjectMoving</a> in and the performer of that action. If an intelligent agent is evacuating another agent(s) from a place (the latter agents need not be intelligent), those being moved are the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvXxi65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">primaryObjectMoving</a>s, while those doing the moving are the performers and may or may not also be <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvXxi65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">primaryObjectMoving</a>s. A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvdISrpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RemovingSomething_Translational</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjAqpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HarvestingAPlant</a> is an event in which a plant is harvested. Harvesting may involve separating some part of the plant and leaving the rest in place (e.g., when one harvests fruit from fruit trees), or it may involve removing the entire plant from its growing location (e.g., when one harvests carrots). picking HarvestingAPlant The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvhniyBjXEdaAAABgCEAsSQ" class="cyc_term">InfectingEvent_IndirectTransmission</a>s in which either a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVil5pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Vertebrate</a> or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViYS5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Invertebrate</a> animal serves as the intermediary (a vector) by which an infectious agent is carried to and infects a susceptible host. vector borne transmission infection event InfectingEvent-VectorBorneTransmission connecting to a computer network dial up ConnectingToAComputerNetwork-DialUp CuttingOffAPiece severing This is the collection of events in which something is cut into two distinct pieces, one of which (the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkIMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">objectOfStateChange</a>) can be said to remain the same kind of object it was, while the other (the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP1XyJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">objectRemoved</a>) is regarded as a part that is removed. Thus when a branch is pruned off a tree, the tree remains a tree afterwards, and the branch has been removed, but cutting down the tree leaves two pieces, neither of which could be called a tree, so that would not be an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjFCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CuttingOffAPiece</a>. Extradition extradition A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rTA-RjiDNEdaAAACQJ5pZBw" class="cyc_term">TransferOfControl</a>. In an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWLfGpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Extradition</a>, a person who has been legally accused of wrongdoing is transferred from the custody of one regional government -- state, provincial, or national -- to the custody of another regional government which is deemed to have a superior right to prosecute the alleged criminal, where that right is usually based on a pre-existing treaty or law to which both governments subscribe. The accused is the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rDbKaOuVmQdeTKaYmT-4jgg" class="cyc_term">transferredThing</a> in an extradition. The <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv9UIFZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">from_Generic</a> is the government which originally had the person <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjlwZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HeldCaptive</a>; the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwAyrYZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">to_Generic</a> is the government which gets custody as a result of the extradition. The extradition is performed by some authorized <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a>s of the governments involved (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjV_JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">performedByPart</a>). Sublimating A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViE_5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StateOfMatterChangeEvent</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv7wKnJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sublimating</a> is an event in which a piece of tangible stuff is directly transformed from a solid state to a gaseous state. See also the related collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv-l9qZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SublimatingToSolid</a>. sublimating 5000 meter run Run-5000Meter infection transmission InfectionTransmissionEvent A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvx7NhpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InfectingEvent</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP1T55wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InfectionTransmissionEvent</a> is an event in which some infection is transmitted from one host to another (where both the old and new hosts are instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVim7ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologicalLivingObject</a>). Swim-400MeterIndivMedley Swimming race - 400 meter individual medley. swim 400 meter indiv medley Separation-Complete A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVilD5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SeparationEvent</a>. In each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVikjpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Separation_Complete</a>, one object is separated into two or more distinct, unconnected pieces. complete separation 1500 meter run Run-1500Meter BaseballContact hitting a baseball Hitting a baseball with a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViSXpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BaseballBat</a>. Each <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwDcFsJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BaseballContact</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViQmZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">subEvents</a> of some <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi1r5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BaseballSwing</a>. CrossingATMMScissorBridge crossing atmm scissor bridge InfectingEvent-DirectTransmission The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvx7NhpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InfectingEvent</a>s in which there is a direct and immediate transfer of an infectious agent or pathogen (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwAst7pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Microorganism</a>) to a receptive portal (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv6XcgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">infectingOccursAt</a>) through which an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjE1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Organism_Whole</a> becomes infected. Examples include transferring pathogens via touching, kissing, biting, sexual intercourse, projection of droplet spray into mucous membranes, direct exposure of tissue to agents in soil, and transplacental transmission. Contrast with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvhniyBjXEdaAAABgCEAsSQ" class="cyc_term">InfectingEvent_IndirectTransmission</a>. direct transmission infection event MudWrestling A form of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViCl5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WrestlingSportsEvent</a> in which two or more <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a>s wrestle covered with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvgC2EpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mud</a>. mud wrestling The process in which a flower bud opens and becomes a receptive flower. FlowerOpeningEvent blooming EncasingSomething encasing closing a container ClosingAContainerArtifact The collection of events in which a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNjpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ContainerArtifact</a> is closed (not necessarily by an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a>, in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BaseKB</a>). NOTE that the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNjpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ContainerArtifact</a> is the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkIMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">objectOfStateChange</a>, and that each such object has at least one portal, presumably with a portal covering. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjSqJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ClosingAContainerArtifact</a> means putting the (or any appropriate) portal covering back in place on the portal (one of the portals) of a container product. compounding Compounding-WordFormationProcess Elements of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwEP2V5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Compounding_WordFormationProcess</a> are word formings involving the agglutination of one <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvanFq5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RootWord</a> or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvvlnpJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DerivedWord</a> to another <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvanFq5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RootWord</a> or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvvlnpJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DerivedWord</a>. Example: #$Eye-TheWord + #$Sight-TheWord. Mounting-Sitting mounting Getting up onto something--often, but not always, for riding. murder device used axe MurderDeviceUsedAxe 100 meter run Run-100Meter The collection of 100 meter dashes. ProtectingPhysicalRegion protecting a physical region murder device used car bomb MurderDeviceUsedCarBomb The collection of events in which some agent opens some physical object using tools or a physical or anatomical part. Not all of the entries on the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkIMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">objectOfStateChange</a> slot of a particular <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjZRZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OpeningSomething</a> event necessarily have portals or portal coverings (think, for example, of opening a coconut or a watermelon). So at this most general level, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjZRZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OpeningSomething</a> just means gaining access to the 'inside' of some object through an 'outer' layer or portion. However, see the English of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjTbJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OpeningAContainerArtifact</a>. opening up OpeningSomething The subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwBcGZpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Identifying</a> in which the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwAoXPJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">identifiedThing</a>s are (correctly) identified as belonging to some type (represented in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjqoZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycKB</a> as a collection). For example identifying a tree as an Oak tree, i.e. as an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjB35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OakTree</a>, is an example of an action in this collection. See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv33g0JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">identifiedAsType</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvwhroZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IdentifyingAsTypeFn</a> as well as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwAoXPJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">identifiedThing</a>. IdentifyingObjectAsType identifying objects by type AirplaneLanding airplane landing The collection of all airplane landings, which are events in which an airplane lands after a flight. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvyClxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Landing_Aircraft</a> and air transportation. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjtSZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AirplaneLanding</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv48ocpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AccomplishmentType</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwNyXxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DurativeEventType</a>. Events in which an object sinks (loses buoyancy and becomes immersed in fluid). SinkingEvent sinking BreakingOpenEvent bursting The process in which objects break open , sometimes to release a tangible such as when a seed coat ruptures to release the seedling's root (radicle). appropriating A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjGlpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TakingSomething</a>. In each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjuo5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AppropriatingSomething</a>, an agent takes something that no one else has user rights over, such as air for breathing, or some object which at that time belongs to no one (for example, a dime lying in the street). AppropriatingSomething The collection of events in which a drawer is closed. Note that the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi65pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> of such an event is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNjpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ContainerArtifact</a>. Such objects tend to have one or more drawers. ClosingADrawer closing a drawer A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQr8FJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Advertising</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwL1whZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MarketingActivity</a>, and an instance of #$BusinessTransactionType. Each instance of this collection consists of some communication to potential customers of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjQNpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Business</a>, the desire to do business with them. (The desire may be either to "do business" in general, or to sell them something specific.) Successful instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rnhffrDI1QdedN-j80qW_ZQ" class="cyc_term">Advertising_Business</a> often result in instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjL2pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Buying</a>. business advertising Advertising-Business Swim-4By100MeterFreestyleRelay 4 by 100 meter freestyle relay race Swimming race - 100 meter freestyle relay. FordingAGap fording a gap CrossingABaileyBridge crossing a bailey bridge A collection of events. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvyCAt5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InfectingByContact</a> are infecting occuring as contact with pathogen. InfectingByContact infecting by contact installation InstallingAnObject The action of installing some object somewhat permanently in the place where it is to be used. For example, placing a door in a doorway or placing a car stereo system in a car. This concept probably also includes actions in which substances are put in a place where they are to be used, as in placing oil in car or freon in an air conditioning system, even though we do not commonly use the word 'install' in those cases. CrossingLowAVLB crossing low avlb Reincarnation reincarnation The act of being reborn, whereby the spiritual essence that previously occupied (a now dead) body (or technically, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjE1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Organism_Whole</a>) now occupies a new <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjE1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Organism_Whole</a> from its inception onwards. The concept of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvkGVupwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Reincarnation</a> adopted here assumes that the connection between an entity and a 'past-life' is the spiritual being (i.e., <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQBlzpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DivineBeing</a>) of which the new and past lives are physical incarnations (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvg8dM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IncarnationPhysicalFn</a>). InterringSomething The event in which human (or animal) remains and possibly their accoutrements are buried in the earth or sealed in a tomb. interring CrossingAnMGB crossing an mgb Swim-4By100MeterMedleyRelay swim 4 by 100 meter medley relay airborne transmission infection event The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvhniyBjXEdaAAABgCEAsSQ" class="cyc_term">InfectingEvent_IndirectTransmission</a>s in which microbial aerosols (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQBj4pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AerosolStuff</a>) are disseminated to a portal of entry, usually the respiratory tract. Microbial aerosols are suspensions in the air of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj0fpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Particle</a>s consisting partially or wholly of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwAst7pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Microorganism</a>s. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj0fpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Particle</a>s in the 1 to 5 <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj4XZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Micron</a> range are easily drawn into the alveoli of the lungs and may be retained there, causing <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQwvf5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Infection</a>. InfectingEvent-AirborneTransmission Cycling-1000MeterTimeTrial cycling 1000 meter time trial cycling 4000 meter team pursuit Cycling-4000MeterTeamPursuit A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViE_5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StateOfMatterChangeEvent</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVioN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Freezing</a> is an event in which an object is cooled to a temperature at or below its freezing point (see the predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViyAZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">freezingPoint</a>), and is thereby changed from a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkJSJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Liquid_StateOfMatter</a> to a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjZVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Solid_StateOfMatter</a>. Freezing freezing The 10000M speed skating competition M10000SpeedSkateSportsEvent m 10000 speed skate sports event Elements of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvrlPMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Conversion_WordFormationProcess</a> are word formings involving the shifting of part of speech with no change in word form. Example: (#$Paint-TheWord <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAfJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Verb</a>) from (#$Paint-TheWord <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvojLOpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Noun</a>). Conversion-WordFormationProcess conversion ClosingADoor closing a door <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVipYpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">performedBy</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViax5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DoorMan</a>, etc. The collection of events in which a field is planted. PlantingAField planting a field translation without location change A collection of translational motion events; hence a subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViOcJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Movement_TranslationEvent</a>. In any instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvV5EZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Translation_NoLocationChange</a>, the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkEjpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">objectMoving</a> undergoes translational motion but ends up where it started --- i.e., there is no NET movement; i.e., its <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjiI5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">fromLocation</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">toLocation</a> are the same. Between the beginning and the end of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvV5EZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Translation_NoLocationChange</a>, the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkEjpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">objectMoving</a> may visit the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">toLocation</a> and the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjiI5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">fromLocation</a> any number of times. E.g., consider the motion of a person who is born in, and 80 years later dies in, the very same hospital, and has been there a few times in between for operations, visiting patients, etc. A less dramatic example is the motion of your car on a particular day, as it gets moved around, crosses its own path a few times, etc., but ends the day in the same place it started. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvV5EZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Translation_NoLocationChange</a> may be periodic or nonperiodic movements. An important subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvV5EZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Translation_NoLocationChange</a> is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQruB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Translation_RoundTrip</a>. Translation-NoLocationChange DigestionEvent A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViylJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologicalDecompositionEvent</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj84pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TranslationAlongInternalLivingStructure</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViNmJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DigestionEvent</a> is a process in which a single animal converts food into substances that can be assimilated by the body. This collection should not be confused with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVizoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DigestingInStomach</a>, each instance of which occurs only in an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjlqpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stomach</a>; an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViNmJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DigestionEvent</a> spans the whole <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi0GpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DigestiveSystem</a>, from start to finish. digestion passing through an initially open portal An <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv48ocpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AccomplishmentType</a> and specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r3xisJMQtEdqAAACQJw5drg" class="cyc_term">PassingThroughAnInitiallyUnobstructedPortal</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r5jso3sQsEdqAAACQJw5drg" class="cyc_term">PassingThroughAnInitiallyOpenPortal</a> is an event in which an object passes through a portal that was "already open." (It must be the type of portal that is closable.) Positive examples include a person walking through a doorway whose door covering is in an open position and a ball being thrown through a window portal whose window covering is in an open position. A negative example would be a car passing through a ("permanently open") portal to a tunnel; this would, however, be an instance of the more general collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r3xisJMQtEdqAAACQJw5drg" class="cyc_term">PassingThroughAnInitiallyUnobstructedPortal</a> PassingThroughAnInitiallyOpenPortal Swim-100MeterButterfly swim 100 meter butterfly Swimming race - 100 meter butterfly stroke, not a huge insect. PassingThroughAnInitiallyObstructedPortal passing through an initially obstructed portal An <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv48ocpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AccomplishmentType</a> and specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjCmJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PassingThroughPortal</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rx5aaAsQtEdqAAACQJw5drg" class="cyc_term">PassingThroughAnInitiallyObstructedPortal</a> is an event in which an object passes through a portal that was obstructed immediately beforehand. Positive examples include a person opening and passing through a door, and a baseball smashing through an unopenable window. A notable specialization is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rEFiYQMQtEdqAAACQJw5drg" class="cyc_term">PassingThroughAPortalByOpeningIt</a>. ContractMurder contract murder This is the scene in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvtTXxpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MurderForHire</a> script in which the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4ru31cEDnkEdaGrQCgydoeiw" class="cyc_term">hitman</a> carries out the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQrtcJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Murder</a>. ExecutingAContract implementation A contractor arranges for, and performs, some action for a client, in exchange for some consideration The 1000M speed skating competition M1000SpeedSkateSportsEvent 1000 meter speed skate event Crucifying crucifixion An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwNyXxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DurativeEventType</a> and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvlgftZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Execution_Judicial</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwBcGZZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Torture</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQBnQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Crucifying</a> is an event in which an agent executes a human by nailing that human to a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rYPM8tFe8EdaQLQACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">Cross_TortureDevice</a>. ConceptualSynthesis conceptual synthesis The collection of synthesis events where two or more ideas or concepts are brought together to form a new concept or idea. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWuHmZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ConceptualSynthesis</a> are often subevents in the creation of instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv9p3wpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DevisedPracticeOrWork</a>. Undressing When you take your clothes off. See also subevent <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNO5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TakingOffAClothingItem</a>. undressing crossing a temporary bridge CrossingATemporaryBridge The event in which a fruit, after becoming fully grown and differentiated, ripens. For fleshy fruits, ripening often involves conversion of starches to sugars, changes in color, and other chemical changes. For fruits which are not fleshy, ripening usually involves drying out. Some dry fruits eventually break apart, sometimes explosively, releasing or expelling the seeds. ripening FruitRipeningEvent The collection of individual loan payments. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4riS-REAceQdmJV6pCNzCZTg" class="cyc_term">LoanPayment</a> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkKHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Paying</a> in which monies are transferred to the creditor and put towards the loan balance. loan payment LoanPayment CrossingAGap crossing The short track 3000M speed skating competition st 3000 meter speed skate sports event ST3000MeterSpeedSkateSportsEvent Cycling-1000MeterSprint cycling 1000 meter sprint Cycling-4000MeterIndividual cycling 4000 meter individual search and rescue military event SearchAndRescue-MilitaryEvent ManagingPersonnelData managing personnel data A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjpjZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PhysicalEvent</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rE8ivnFWHEduAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">ManagingPersonnelData</a> is an even in which someone gathers organizes or usefully manipulates information about the employees of a company. transcription The collection of all acts of transcription. If PERFORMER is the performer of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv857BZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TranscriptionEvent</a>, TRANSCRIBE, then PERFORMER brings it about that the information (to some degree of specificity) contained in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvV5PA5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">informationOrigin</a>, ORIGIN, of TRANSCRIBE comes to be contained in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVipxZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">informationDestination</a>, DESTINATION, of TRANSCRIBE. ORIGIN and DESTINATION must both instantiate instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQGTzJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AbstractInformationStructure</a> (at times during TRANSCRIBE), and some of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQGTzJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AbstractInformationStructure</a>s instantiated by ORIGIN must come to be instantiated by DESTINATION, during TRANSCRIBE. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv857BZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TranscriptionEvent</a>s are distinguished from other sorts <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvV6pTJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IBTGeneration_Replication</a> (such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjmlpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PhotocopyingADocument</a>) in that, generally, the performer of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv857BZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TranscriptionEvent</a> is aware (sometime during that event) of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQGTzJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AbstractInformationStructure</a>s instantiated by ORIGIN, and is also aware (sometime during TRANSCRIBE) of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQGTzJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AbstractInformationStructure</a>s that come to be instantiated by DESTINATION. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv857BZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TranscriptionEvent</a>s are typically composed of many subevents that are also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv857BZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TranscriptionEvent</a>s. For example, if TRANSCRIBE is the transcription of an audio tape, ORIGIN, to the tablet DESTINATION, then TRANSCRIBE will typically be composed of other <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv857BZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TranscriptionEvent</a>s in which small segments of the whole tape are <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvV5PA5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">informationOrigin</a>s in transcription events that have small portions of the tablet as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVipxZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">informationDestination</a>s. TranscriptionEvent MakingACreditCardOverpayment overpaying the balance due on an credit card account A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rT_1HhETHQdmBotGYcApU-Q" class="cyc_term">OverpayingTheBalanceDueOnAnAccount</a>. Instances are credit card payments that bring the balance to below zero. A collection of event. A spec of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvlgftZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Execution_Judicial</a>. Decapitation-Execution decapitating buying an object, where the object(s) bought is(are) some type of financial instrument. financial instrument trading FinancialInstrumentTrading ST500MeterSpeedSkateSportsEvent The short track 500M speed skating competition st 500 meter speed skate sports event Run-3000Meter run 3000 meter picking a seed PickingASeed The collection of events in which a single seed is picked run 800 meter Run-800Meter diagnosis Diagnosing A collection of processes; a subset of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi7B5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Evaluating</a>. Each element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjU3pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Diagnosing</a> is an activity in which an agent figures out what is wrong with something. After a successful diagnosing, the performer has specific information about a discrepancy between the current state of the thing being diagnosed and the description it is supposed to match. taking out a mortgage The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVihhJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MakingAnAgreement</a> events in which money is borrowed and a claim against the borrower's property is given to secure the loan. See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvuDzypwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MortgageAgreement</a>. EnteringIntoAMortgageAgreement Laminating laminating The collection of events in which a sheet of paper or plastic is fully covered in a skin-like enclosure of transparent plastic. Defenestration The collection of all events in which some person or object is thrown out of a window. defenestration LocomotionEvent locomotion event This is the collection of movement events in which the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvXxi65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">primaryObjectMoving</a> is moving under its own control, and usually under its own power. This entails that the moving object is an agent. Most animals, many bacteria, and some robots are capable of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLPkAZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LocomotionEvent</a>s; inanimate objects and plants are not. Elongation lengthening An <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv48ocpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AccomplishmentType</a> and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVikjpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Separation_Complete</a> (q.v.). This is the collection of events in which one or more of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj5FpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">physicalParts</a> of a tangible object is very quickly detached from it. Typically, the detached part is projected away from the object. The detachment might result from forces that are internal or external to the object. Examples include a button popping off a shirt, a lid popping off a pressurized container, and a hubcap being popped off a wheel with a crowbar. For other types of "popping" events, see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r1n3VCgKtQdmT0LljH5VqZA" class="cyc_term">PoppingOpenAContainer</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rsaGBTv3hQdib_fu9NQ3fzg" class="cyc_term">EjectingAnObject</a>. popping off PoppingOff bridge financing BridgeFinancing ArmWrestling arm wrestling The collection of all athletic <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAGpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Competition</a>s in which the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3D5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">competingAgents</a> sit facing each other across a table, place their (typically) right elbows on the table, clasp each other's (again, typically) right hand, and try to force each other's forearm down so that it touches the top of the table. transplant TransplantingAPlant Transferring a plant (house plant, shrub, tree, bulb, etc.) from one location to another. The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjPQpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BorrowingSomething</a> events in which money is borrowed. Examples include borrowing money from a bank under an authorized <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvkmKO5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LoanAgreement</a> (a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwN86jJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Loan_WrittenLegalAgreement</a>) and borrowing money from a friend under a #$Loan-ByInformalOralAgreement. Specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvzzKKJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FinancingByBorrowing</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv4wp_5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BridgeFinancing</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvgkxIpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EnteringIntoAMortgageAgreement</a>. financing FinancingByBorrowing 200 meter freestyle Swim-200MeterFreestyle Swimming race - 200 meter freestyle. TrapTrippingEvent tripping The action in which a trap is activated. It may be activated by a human operator, by the actions of an animal, or accidentally by other natural forces. Often a trap tripping results in the capture of an animal, but not necessarily. A chargeback is a commercial activity in which a wholesaler submits a claim to a commercial organization for the difference between contract prices awarded to an end-buyer by the commercial organization, and the cost to the wholesaler to replace their stock shipped to the end-buyer. The commercial organization then evaluates the wholesaler's claim, and either: 1.) accepts the claim, and thereby pays the wholesaler all, or part of, (or even more than) the amount claimed; or 2.) rejects the claim, giving the wholesaler reasons for the rejection. chargeback Chargeback covalent linking The collection of all instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwRtzE5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ChemicalBonding</a> that establish a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvlErDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CovalentBond</a> between atoms. CovalentLinking A collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVioQZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Action</a>s; a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwG1h15wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InfluencingAnAgent</a>. A paradigm example of coercion is influencing an agent's behavior through a successful (implicit or explicit) threat. CoercingAnAgent dragooning PassingThroughAPortalByOpeningIt passing through A portal by opening it An <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv48ocpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AccomplishmentType</a> and specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv1YLwsQwEdqAAACQJw5drg" class="cyc_term">PassingThroughAnInitiallyTemporarilyObstructedPortal</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rEFiYQMQtEdqAAACQJw5drg" class="cyc_term">PassingThroughAPortalByOpeningIt</a> is an event in which an object passes through a portal that was closed immediately beforehand by opening it. CapturingAnAnimal A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvrOVYpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PurposefulPhysicalAction</a>. In each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVwPN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CapturingAnAnimal</a>, an agent takes physical control of a (human or non-human) animal. Notable specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVwPN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CapturingAnAnimal</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWBRUpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Trapping</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rbX8ShiDNEdaAAACQJ5pZBw" class="cyc_term">ArrestingSomeone</a>. capturing an animal game event A collection of individual events. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvZTe2JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GameEvent</a> includes the entirety of some game, from the beginning to the point where a conclusion is reached (there is a winner, there is a draw, or the game is abandoned). Each <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvZTe2JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GameEvent</a> has as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViQmZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">subEvents</a> one or more instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjrZ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PlayingAGame</a>, but may have other sorts of significant <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViQmZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">subEvents</a> as well. For example, a particular <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVivEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FootballGame_American</a>, in its entirety, would be an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvZTe2JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GameEvent</a>. That game's <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViQmZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">subEvents</a> would include, among other things, instances of (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjqHpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PlayingFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVivEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FootballGame_American</a>) performed by some <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjtBpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FootballPlayer_American</a>, instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi2npwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EvaluatingAnAction</a> performed by some <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkKcpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Referee</a>, and instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViFJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MeasuringSomething</a> performed by some <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVievZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SportsOfficial</a>. A game of Monopoly, from beginning to end, would be an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvZTe2JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GameEvent</a>, with subEvents possibly including instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjT6JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PlayingABoardGame</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjz15wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DisputeEvent</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj9a5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DistributionEvent</a>, and (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViJ6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CleaningFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViZ9JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Table_PieceOfFurniture</a>). GameEvent ExecutionByFiringSquad A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvlgftZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Execution_Judicial</a> in which those executed are shot to death by a group of gun-weilding executioners. execution by firing squad MasqueradingAtASocialGathering <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv7rVhJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MasqueradingAtASocialGathering</a> is the collection of instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvpwYrJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Masquerading</a> which are done primarily for entertainment. For example, attending a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjgHpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Halloween</a> party would constitute an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv7rVhJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MasqueradingAtASocialGathering</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv7rVhJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MasqueradingAtASocialGathering</a> stands in contrast to <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv9UV_5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Masquerading_Deceiving</a>, instances of which are not instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjhCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EntertainmentEvent</a>, but are done for the purpose of defrauding others. masquerading at a social gathering eloping The collection of marriages performed in secret without the presence (and often without the permission) of the participants' parents. Eloping crossing a high bridge CrossingAHighBridge A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvlgftZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Execution_Judicial</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rc8vp3pE9QdeE-bBTZopB0Q" class="cyc_term">LethalInjection_Execution</a> is an execution of an agent in punishment for some crime in which drugs are administered to the agent to induce death. First the agent is hooked up to <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP1TEJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IntravenousEquipment</a> and started on a saline solution. The agent is anesthesized, typically with the barbituate sodium thiopental. A saline solution will flush the IV again, and the the agent usually receives a paralyzing agent like pancuronium bromide to stop the breathing. After another IV flush, some states also include a final toxic agent to induce cardiac arrest with something like potassium chloride. LethalInjection-Execution lethal injection MortgageRedemption final mortgage payment A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r_SbDPuDnQdiLY-1oUPXd4g" class="cyc_term">PayingOffDebt_LastPayment</a>. Instances of this collection occur when an agent has finished payment of a mortgage. 3000 meter speed skate event M3000SpeedSkateSportsEvent The 3000M speed skating competition AssassinatingSomeone A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQrtcJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Murder</a>. In each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvckb65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AssassinatingSomeone</a>, a person is killed for political reasons, and the murder has political significance. assassination A collection of translational motion events; hence a subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViOcJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Movement_TranslationEvent</a>. In each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWH3qpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Translation_Complete</a>, the entire moving object (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkEjpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">objectMoving</a>) moves from the place of origin (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjiI5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">fromLocation</a>) to the destination (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">toLocation</a>). That is, the object completely leaves the origin and relocates to the destination. The moving object may be either a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r_lvetnS5EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">NonFluidlikeTangibleThing</a> (e.g. a baseball) or a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjR45wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FluidTangibleThing</a> all of which moves from one place to another (e.g. the gasoline used to fill a gas tank). Another example: a single molecule of water flowing from point A to point B in a river. Non-examples: a river flowing from A to B (the river itself is not relocated); a rubber band stretching. A borderline case: a spider spins a web, leaving part of itself, in effect, extended out behind it; in most contexts that would still be considered a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWH3qpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Translation_Complete</a>. Note that <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWH3qpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Translation_Complete</a> is noncommittal as to whether net movement has occurred, so round-trip events qualify as complete translations (cf. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvV-BF5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Translation_LocationChange</a>). complete translation Translation-Complete CrossingABridge crossing a bridge passing through something PassingThroughPortal A collection of movement events. In an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjCmJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PassingThroughPortal</a>, an object goes from one spatial region to another by passing through a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjVl5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Portal</a> between the regions. Examples: a portion of food passing from the stomach to the small intestine; a person walking through a door from the outdoors into a house. Stapling two objects together with a stapler. Stapling stapling event helicopter landing The collection of all helicopter landings. A type of transportation by means of helicopters and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvyClxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Landing_Aircraft</a>. The concept <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rbF_Q-gQ9EdqAAAACs6hnlQ" class="cyc_term">HelicopterLanding</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv48ocpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AccomplishmentType</a>, a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwNyXxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DurativeEventType</a>, and an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGLqw_k2LEdqAAAACs6hnlQ" class="cyc_term">AerodromeConcept</a>. HelicopterLanding This is the collection of actual wedding ceremonies. Use <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViNTJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WeddingReception</a> for the party afterwards and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkGOpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WeddingEvent_Entire</a> for the whole shebang. wedding ceremony WeddingCeremony hire A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVihhJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MakingAnAgreement</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJp9kpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OrganizationalTransferIn</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjZyJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EmployeeHiring</a> is an event in which some agent -- either an organization or a person -- hires a person to work as its employee. Note that a hiring event is viewed as occurring at the time the prospective employee accepts an offer of a job, rather than the (possibly later) time s/he first begins that job. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjLlpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">employees</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjWt5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WorkAgreement</a>. EmployeeHiring CastingAFishingLine casting a fishing line The collection of events in which someone throws a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvpBXKZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Fishhook</a> attached to the end of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP1Q7pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FishingLine</a> into a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViE_JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BodyOfWater</a>. The other end of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP1Q7pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FishingLine</a> is ordinarily attached to a #$Reel on a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjgIJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FishingPole</a>. Instances include only the event where the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvpBXKZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Fishhook</a> is cast out, not those where it is reeled in. Cf. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViacJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Fishing</a>. crossing a ribbon bridge CrossingARibbonBridge Swimming race - 100 meter freestyle. Swim-100MeterFreestyle swim 100 meter freestyle covering CoveringSomething The set of actions in which an agent places and/or holds a covering over a thing; the purpose may be to obscure the thing from view (''hiding it'') or to protect it from weather conditions. ExpendingSomething expending A specialization of Evemt Instances of this collection are events in which some resource is expended. This may be the result of a transfer (cf. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvcFjVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TransferOut</a>), as in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkKYpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SpendingMoney</a>, or some destructive process (cf. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv4jqZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PhysicalDestructionEvent</a>), as with the inputsDestroyed to a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjATpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CombustionProcess</a>. crossing an pre-existing bridge CrossingAnExistingBridge Run-400Meter 400 meter run swim 400 meter freestyle Swimming race - 400 meter freestyle. Swim-400MeterFreestyle CrossingAnM4T6 crossing an M4T6 A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViNqpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalActivity</a>. In each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rhE_OSqjcQdeI16vfDGH4BA" class="cyc_term">HidingAnObject</a>, one agent hides a physical object from another (or others). 'Hiding' an object means deliberately changing its location with the aim of making its discovery by others unlikely. Note that an object may be hidden by moving it (to a location believed to be obscure), or by moving *other* things so as to obscure its current location (e.g., by covering the object with leaves). For the first sort of case, see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWavK5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HidingAnObjectByMovingIt</a>. Also note that the object hidden may be the performer herself, as in a game of hide-and-go-seek (cf. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rozKBsqjnQdeJv4a08bCIBA" class="cyc_term">HidingOneself</a>). Finally, there is a distinction between the act of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rhE_OSqjcQdeI16vfDGH4BA" class="cyc_term">HidingAnObject</a> and the subsequent state of affairs in which the object remains 'hidden.' The latter is a merely a type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvYjIS5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Situation</a>. hiding HidingAnObject <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjR0JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MaintenanceOfDataBase</a> is the collection whose members are all and only those instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjC25wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MaintainingSomething</a> in which the entity maintained is a data base. MaintenanceOfDataBase maintenance of data base <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvko_QZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cracking_CompromisingSecurity</a> is a subset of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVieP5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PurposefulAction</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwCl_opwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SecurityBreach</a>. It is the collection of actions that occurs whenever the security measures of some individual are circumvented by some unauthorized agent. A wide variety of events may be elements of this collection. For example, if one blows a safe open with dynamite one is said to ''crack the safe''. Also, if one guesses the combination to a safe (in this case one also performs an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkLWpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">UnlockingALock</a>), one compromises its security. If someone cracks a password protected computer system (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv0hea5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PenetratingAComputerNetwork</a>), one either circumvents the password access protocol or has otherwise determined the password to the system without appropriate permission. Take care in distinguishing <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvko_QZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cracking_CompromisingSecurity</a> from <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwCl_opwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SecurityBreach</a>: the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvko_QZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cracking_CompromisingSecurity</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVieP5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PurposefulAction</a>, whereas the more general collection, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwCl_opwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SecurityBreach</a>, is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVioQZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Action</a>. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwCl_opwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SecurityBreach</a> occur whenever security is breached, whether or not it was intentionally cracked, but all and only purposefully executed breaches of security are instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvko_QZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cracking_CompromisingSecurity</a>. cracking Cracking-CompromisingSecurity The collection of grass cutting events involving a lawn mower. Because <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjKh5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MowingGrass</a> has genls <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVijypwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CuttingSomething</a>, the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi65pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> is not the Lawn, but the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViqnJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GrassTurf</a> which is one of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj5FpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">physicalParts</a> of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj2L5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Lawn</a>. MowingGrass mowing performance testing This is the collection of testing done in order to find out whether or how well a person, object, or procedure fulfills its primary function or functions. PerformanceTesting fertilization ReproductiveFertilizationEvent A collection of events. In each element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVip0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ReproductiveFertilizationEvent</a>, gametes fuse to form a zygote. The collection of all events in which a person is murdered via an 'execution-style' shooting in which the victim is dispatched via a single shot to the back of the head. If an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rAM9krhDzEdaAAACQJ5pZBw" class="cyc_term">ShootingSomeoneExecutionStyle</a> occurs, there is a strong presumption to the effect that a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv60405wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CriminalOrganization</a> was the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViWkJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">directingAgent</a> and that the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVt07JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">perpetrator</a> is an agent in the employ of some <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv60405wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CriminalOrganization</a>. execution-style shooting ShootingSomeoneExecutionStyle lumberjacking competition LumberjackingCompetitionEvent A collection of events in which <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvxjjsJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Deoxyribonucleotide</a>s are linked by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvbzoOZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PhosphodiesterBond</a>s to form an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvZHAo5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DNAStrand</a>. The reaction is catalyzed by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwShuupwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DNAPolymerase</a>. DeoxyribonucleotideBonding deoxyribonucleotide bonding serving a warrant ServeWarrant The collection of actions in which an agent of the court serves any kind of warrant [<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvb_pYpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Warrant_Writ</a>] upon a legal person [<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVinsZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LegalAgent</a>]. planting LodgingInPlace A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJtYZ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LocatingInIntendedPosition</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvofrVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LodgingInPlace</a> is an event in which an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvsaaeJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_Generic</a> puts something in a position where it will be held relatively firmly in place. A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVicbZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ConnectingTogether</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rZYhCbIcNQdeVBNLloykuGg" class="cyc_term">Gluing</a> is an event in which two (or more) solid objects are connected together with some portion of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViXM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Glue</a>. glueing Gluing HumanTakingItsFirstStep The collection of events in which a human takes their first walking step. Usually in the first 10 to 14 months of one's life. human taking their first step Shipping Shipping of objects from one physical location to another. Shipping from the perspective of being done as a dedicated service, such as what UPS, the US Postal Service, or Dominoes Pizza Delivery might do. shipping ST1000 meter speed skate sports event ST1000MeterSpeedSkateSportsEvent putting something onto something else PuttingSomethingOnto The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4ruIKtqBlzEdaAAABgCEAsSQ" class="cyc_term">InfectingEvent_VectorBorneTransmission</a>s in which the infectious agent is merely transported by a living <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViwMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Animal</a> to a susceptible host (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rMhZv2Bl0EdaAAABgCEAsSQ" class="cyc_term">infectingVector</a>). For example, an insect vector may carry the infectious agent on its feet or proboscis as it flies and crawls or the infectious agent may pass through its gastrointestinal tract. Another example would be a rodent carrying fleas infected with the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvdNtxpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Plague_Bacterium</a>. A rodent's transporting the fleas is an example of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rzQT9yhl0EdaAAABgCEAsSQ" class="cyc_term">InfectingEvent_MechanicalVectorBorneTransmission</a>. In contrast, a biting by an infected flea would be an example of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rP3YE0Bl1EdaAAABgCEAsSQ" class="cyc_term">InfectingEvent_BiologicalVectorBorneTransmission</a> because the flea is infected by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvdNtxpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Plague_Bacterium</a> and the latter undergoes part of its life cycle within the flea before the flea can transmit the infective form of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvdNtxpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Plague_Bacterium</a>. InfectingEvent-MechanicalVectorBorneTransmission mechanical vector borne transmission infection event wrapping The collection of events in which a wrapper is wrapped around an object WrappingSomething (SubcollectionDisjointWithFn FusionEvent (TheSet HeatProductionProcess)) fusion which isn't the set containing heat production CrossingAnAVLB crossing an avlb PoppingOpenAContainer popping open A container A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjTbJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OpeningAContainerArtifact</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r1n3VCgKtQdmT0LljH5VqZA" class="cyc_term">PoppingOpenAContainer</a> is an event in which an agent opens a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNjpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ContainerArtifact</a> very quickly, almost instantaneously. Example include opening the "pop-top" on a can of soda, snapping the cap off a bottle of beer, and ripping the lid off a cannister of crisp potato product.. The act of popping open a container is often accompanied by a "popping" sound, but that is not essential. For other constants related to "popping", see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHsVCdP3dQdiNfJ_p05w4zg" class="cyc_term">PoppingOff</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rsaGBTv3hQdib_fu9NQ3fzg" class="cyc_term">EjectingAnObject</a>. murdering someone by drowning This is the subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQrtcJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Murder</a> in which the victim dies by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViFBZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Drowning</a>. MurderingSomeoneByDrowning The collection of all events in which a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a> puts a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rJjZF9m6PEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">InAHypnoticTrance</a>. Such events include any actions the hypnotizer does to put or keep the hypnotizee in a state of hypnosis. hypnosis HypnotizingSomeone Prince Albert The collection of all Prince Alberts. A type of body piercing that affects some penis and body piercing that affects some glans penis. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvtHMwJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PrinceAlbertPiercing</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv48ocpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AccomplishmentType</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwNyXxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DurativeEventType</a>. PrinceAlbertPiercing PhysicalSynthesis conceptual synthesis The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjeiZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CreationEvent</a>s where two or more instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj27ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a> come together to form an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj27ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a>, which is the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWStbZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">outputsCreated</a>. digging up a root The collection of events in which the root of a plant is dug out of the soil DiggingUpARoot A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVioQZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Action</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjeiZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CreationEvent</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv_J7UZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Synthesis_Generic</a> is an event in which an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvsaaeJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_Generic</a> synthesizes (combines, puts together) two or more instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi255wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SomethingExisting</a> (e.g. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjTC5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Paint</a>s or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjQ-5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LinguisticObject</a>s) to create something new. Synthesis-Generic synthesis CanopyingEvent canopying event This is the collection of all actions in which a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj27ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a> something is closed. The <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkIMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">objectOfStateChange</a> must be such that it has the states of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r--SJwHS_EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">OpenPortal</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r3337rHS8EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">ClosedPortal</a>, and an instance of this collection involves the object going from the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r--SJwHS_EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">OpenPortal</a> state to the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r3337rHS8EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">ClosedPortal</a>. Cf. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjZRZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OpeningSomething</a>. ClosingSomething closing something ScheduledLoanPayment The collection of instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkKHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Paying</a> that take place in accordance with the relevant instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvvTXEJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RepaymentPlan</a>. scheduled loan payment MurderDeviceUsedCombustionProcess murder device used combustion process InfectingEvent-IndirectTransmission The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvx7NhpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InfectingEvent</a>s in which there is an indirect transfer of an infectious agent or pathogen (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwAst7pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Microorganism</a>) via some intermediary to a receptive portal (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv6XcgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">infectingOccursAt</a>) through which an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjE1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Organism_Whole</a> becomes infected. The intermediary can be inanimate or living, and if living may itself be infected or not. Contrast with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rXK7qSBjWEdaAAABgCEAsSQ" class="cyc_term">InfectingEvent_DirectTransmission</a>. The major subcollections are <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGQG-0BjZEdaAAABgCEAsSQ" class="cyc_term">InfectingEvent_VehicleBorneTransmission</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4ryNdg7Bl2EdaAAABgCEAsSQ" class="cyc_term">InfectingEvent_AirborneTransmission</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4ruIKtqBlzEdaAAABgCEAsSQ" class="cyc_term">InfectingEvent_VectorBorneTransmission</a>. indirect transmission infection event crossing a floating bridge CrossingAFloatingBridge st 5000 meter speed skate sports event ST5000MeterSpeedSkateSportsEvent The short track 5000M speed skating competition DismountingFromSitting Getting down off something on which one has (or is) mounted. dismounting burning A collection of event. A spec of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvlgftZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Execution_Judicial</a>. Burning-Execution The collection of events in which some instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjE1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Organism_Whole</a> is infected. The infectious agent can be transmitted from any partially tangible thing. An important specialization of this collection is that of events in which the pathogen comes from an infected host, see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP1T55wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InfectionTransmissionEvent</a>. InfectingEvent infection tasting A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViI65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Ingesting</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv4jqZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PhysicalDestructionEvent</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVinoZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EatingAMorsel</a> is an event that starts with holding food, is followed by then chewing the food (if necessary), then swallowing it. When <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rIcwFloGUQdeMlsOWYLFB2w" class="cyc_term">HomoSapiens</a> eat a morsel, the first thing they must do is hold the food somehow. If it is with a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPznZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Tool</a>, then the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvV0FMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">deviceUsed</a> should be a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViKCJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SilverwarePiece</a> or pair of #$ChopSticks. If one is grabbing the food by hand then <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj2G5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GrabbingOntoWithHand</a> is used. Next <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjOw5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Chewing</a> happens (unless the food is a liquid). <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVikT5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Swallowing</a> ends after <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjOw5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Chewing</a> ends. EatingAMorsel Swimming race - 800 meter freestyle. Swim-800MeterFreestyle 800 meter freestyle affiliating OrganizationalTransferIn A subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv53bUpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OrganizationalTransfer</a>. In each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJp9kpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OrganizationalTransferIn</a>, an agent (an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVinb5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IntelligentAgent</a>) gains membership in some organization. Note that the agent may also, but need not, lose membership in some other organization. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJp9kpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OrganizationalTransferIn</a> would include hiring someone at a company or admitting a nation to NATO. Note that any event in which an agent leaves one organization to join another would be an instance of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJp9kpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OrganizationalTransferIn</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLThAJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OrganizationalTransferOut</a> (q.v.). The collection of events in which a wrapper is removed from an object unwrapping UnwrappingSomething MurderDeviceUsedPipe-Plumbing murder device used pipe plumbing PayingWithPreciousMetal paying with a precious metal A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvrOVYpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PurposefulPhysicalAction</a> (q.v.). Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViMHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ControllingSomething</a> is a purposeful physical action in which an agent intentionally controls an object (i.e. instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi255wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SomethingExisting</a>). It is not necessary that the agent touch the object being controlled (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi9sJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">objectControlled</a>), only that s/he exercise control over some of its movements, functioning, or actions. Specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViMHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ControllingSomething</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQBgG5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GuidingAMovingObject</a> (some instances of which involve a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVlIaZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RemoteControlDevice</a>), <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViMoZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HandlingAnObject</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViS7pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Braking</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVivYJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SteeringADeviceByHand</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjUJ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PlayingAMusicalInstrument</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPu-YpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CuttingFabric</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViMIpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CarryingWhileLocomoting</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViadpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FlushingAToilet</a>. When a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkJe5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ControlDevice</a> (q.v.) is being used by an agent for its primary function, a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViMHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ControllingSomething</a> event is typically taking place. controlling event ControllingSomething A collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvx7NhpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InfectingEvent</a>s. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwO_qa5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InfectingByInhalation</a> are <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvx7NhpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InfectingEvent</a>s that are the result of inhalation of airborne pathogens. InfectingByInhalation infecting through inhalation of the pathogen planting seed The collection of all events in which a seed is intentionally placed in or covered with soil PlantingASeed Swimming race - 200 meter breaststroke. 200 meter breaststroke Swim-200MeterBreaststroke Run-200Meter 200 meter run 4 by 200 meter freestyle relay race Swim-4By200MeterFreestyleRelay Swimming race - 200 meter freestyle relay. LeavingAPlace departure A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvcFjVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TransferOut</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvV-BF5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Translation_LocationChange</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWSHaJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LeavingAPlace</a> is an event in which the performer (see the predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVipYpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">performedBy</a>) moves, under its own control and often under its own power, from one location to another. Notable specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWSHaJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LeavingAPlace</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvddXApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EvacuatingAPlace</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkCQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExitingAContainer</a>. Cycling-50KMeterPointsRace cycling 50 k meter points race AmbushingAnEnemy ambushing A collection of instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwCCSNZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MilitaryAction</a>, characterized by the assigned unit's mounting a surprise offensive against a designated hostile unit. PuttingOnAClothingItem dressing A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViN65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HumanActivity</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNfJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PuttingOnAClothingItem</a> is an event in which some wearable item is donned. Such an event may be performed either by the wearer or by someone else (e.g., putting on a horse's bridle or a child's mittens). After an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNfJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PuttingOnAClothingItem</a> occurs, there exists an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVieCZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WearingSomething</a> (q.v.); namely, the situation in which the item donned is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkJ0pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">wornOn</a> the body of the wearer. SpaceShuttleLanding space shuttle landing The collection of all space shuttle landings. A type of transportation by means of space shuttles and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvyClxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Landing_Aircraft</a>. The concept <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rsiR2Qjd7EdqAAAACs71DGQ" class="cyc_term">SpaceShuttleLanding</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv48ocpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AccomplishmentType</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwNyXxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DurativeEventType</a>. Dressing The process of putting clothes on, putting on body or face paint, fixing hair, etc.. See also subevent <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNfJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PuttingOnAClothingItem</a>. getting dressed The collection of events in which a door is opened. The <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjVl5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Portal</a> is treated as an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkIMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">objectOfStateChange</a> in such an event, and the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj4UZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DoorInABuilding</a> at that <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjVl5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Portal</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi65pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a>. The room or building to which the portal provides access (which is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjNjpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ContainerArtifact</a>) is also an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkIMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">objectOfStateChange</a>. opening a door OpeningADoor The collection of all specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>, that is, of all collections of (first-order) collections, and an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHUFI8h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">ThirdOrderCollection</a>. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> are collections of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>s. Any instance of any instance of any instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Individual</a>. SecondOrderCollection second-order Cyc collection DurativeEventType A collection of collections. If TYPE is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwNyXxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DurativeEventType</a>, each instance of TYPE is a "durative event" extended through time, i.e., it endures continuously between its starting and ending points, and such points are not simultaneous. As an example, writing a letter is a durative event type, since an event of this type will (except in "degenerate" cases) have a distinct starting point, a period of time in the middle during which writing occurs, and an end point at which the letter is written. By contrast, winning a prize is an instantaneous change: up to the moment the event takes place, you don't have the prize, after that you do. Granted, the awarding of the prize might in fact have a physical duration, but from a conceptual or logical point of view it might as well have none. If one thinks of events as the occurrence of "changes", one may regard durative events as changes that intrinsically occupy a continuous, non-zero chunk of time, and non-durative events (for which see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv4unQpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PunctualEventType</a>) as instantaneous changes. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv9vChJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CumulativeEventType</a> is a proper specialization of this collection, because the cumulativity property (see the salient assertion for <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv9vChJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CumulativeEventType</a>) implies that all process types can have temporal extension. Naturally, many <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwNyXxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DurativeEventType</a>s are not cumulative, but rather <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv48ocpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AccomplishmentType</a>s. type of durative event AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType A collection of collections. Each instance <code>COL</code> of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rqEYnNVMqEdaSKAACs0x8nw" class="cyc_term">AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType</a> (ANECT) is a collection satisfying three conditions: (1) <code>COL</code> is disjoint with (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA45wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">disjointWith</a>) <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalThing</a>, (2) every instance <code>INST</code> of <code>COL</code> is an instance of <code>COL</code> essentially (i.e. <code>INST</code> is an instance of <code>COL</code>, and could not exist without being an instance of <code>COL</code>), and (3) condition (2) is a necessary truth about <code>COL</code>. Positive examples of ANECTs include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAzJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Collection</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVieEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Integer</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAzZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Relation</a> (each of which is a collection of atemporals and is such that, necessarily, all of its instances are in it essentially). Negative examples include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjpUZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SpatialThing</a> (though arguably it is necessary that all of its instances are essentially instances of it, it is not disjoint with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalThing</a>) and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwP4FM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">UniqueAnatomicalPartType</a> (which, though disjoint with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalThing</a>, has instances, such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjvDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Heart</a>, that could exist even if they weren't instances of it; e.g. it might have been the case that every creature with a heart had at least two hearts). There are no known examples of Cyc-reified collections satisfying conditions (1) and (2) but not (3), but one can be contrived. Suppose that all of today's winning lottery numbers were primes. Now consider the collection: (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvrhK-JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CollectionUnionFn</a> (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjkdpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TheSet</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjrdZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PrimeNumber</a> TodaysWinningLotteryNumbers)) This collection is clearly disjoint with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViAxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalThing</a> and, by hypothesis, all of its instances are in it essentially (as each prime number is essentially a prime number). But this last fact is not necessarily true of this collection: the collection might have had instances that belonged to it only contingently (i.e. not essentially), as it might have been the case that one of today's winning lottery numbers was non-prime, and no number is such that it is essentially one of today's winning lottery numbers. When asserting that something is an instance or specialization of a given instance of ANECT, it is appropriate to do so in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r3_SgQU2iEdaCwAACs0x8nw" class="cyc_term">UniversalVocabularyMt</a> (q.v.). Indeed, ANECT was specially defined to facilitate the movement of appropriate assertions to that microtheory. Cf. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGeylLJTfEdqAAAACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">PragmaticallyDecontextualizedCollection</a>. type of atemporal collection in which membership is necessarily essential DurativeEventType A collection of collections. If TYPE is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwNyXxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DurativeEventType</a>, each instance of TYPE is a "durative event" extended through time, i.e., it endures continuously between its starting and ending points, and such points are not simultaneous. As an example, writing a letter is a durative event type, since an event of this type will (except in "degenerate" cases) have a distinct starting point, a period of time in the middle during which writing occurs, and an end point at which the letter is written. By contrast, winning a prize is an instantaneous change: up to the moment the event takes place, you don't have the prize, after that you do. Granted, the awarding of the prize might in fact have a physical duration, but from a conceptual or logical point of view it might as well have none. If one thinks of events as the occurrence of "changes", one may regard durative events as changes that intrinsically occupy a continuous, non-zero chunk of time, and non-durative events (for which see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv4unQpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PunctualEventType</a>) as instantaneous changes. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv9vChJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CumulativeEventType</a> is a proper specialization of this collection, because the cumulativity property (see the salient assertion for <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv9vChJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CumulativeEventType</a>) implies that all process types can have temporal extension. Naturally, many <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwNyXxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DurativeEventType</a>s are not cumulative, but rather <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv48ocpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AccomplishmentType</a>s. type of durative event first-order collection An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvtppU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CollectionType</a>, and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rNooX_CChEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FixedOrderCollection</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a> is the collection of all specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Individual</a> (q.v.) Notable specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViq35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVny6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingStuffType</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a>. FirstOrderCollection Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString DurativeEventType A collection of collections. If TYPE is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwNyXxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DurativeEventType</a>, each instance of TYPE is a "durative event" extended through time, i.e., it endures continuously between its starting and ending points, and such points are not simultaneous. As an example, writing a letter is a durative event type, since an event of this type will (except in "degenerate" cases) have a distinct starting point, a period of time in the middle during which writing occurs, and an end point at which the letter is written. By contrast, winning a prize is an instantaneous change: up to the moment the event takes place, you don't have the prize, after that you do. Granted, the awarding of the prize might in fact have a physical duration, but from a conceptual or logical point of view it might as well have none. If one thinks of events as the occurrence of "changes", one may regard durative events as changes that intrinsically occupy a continuous, non-zero chunk of time, and non-durative events (for which see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv4unQpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PunctualEventType</a>) as instantaneous changes. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv9vChJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CumulativeEventType</a> is a proper specialization of this collection, because the cumulativity property (see the salient assertion for <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv9vChJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CumulativeEventType</a>) implies that all process types can have temporal extension. Naturally, many <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwNyXxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DurativeEventType</a>s are not cumulative, but rather <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv48ocpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AccomplishmentType</a>s. type of durative event