]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. Programs that are made to run under <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj1qZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MS_DOS</a>. Most of them are installed by default during a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4riNGXwP2fQdaZXrfbbzQmow" class="cyc_term">MSWindows</a> or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVivY5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MSWindowsNT</a> installation, but they must be run from the MS-DOS command line. MS-DOSApplication MS-DOS application MS-DOS applications http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubic_metres_per_second Smss-TheProgram The session manager for <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVivY5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MSWindowsNT</a>. Windows NT Session Manager fastopen Fastopen-TheProgram Exe2bin-TheProgram exe2bin The MS-DOS program that checks files, folders and disk surfaces for errors. Compare to <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvvQpCZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Scandiskw_TheProgram</a>. Scandisk-TheProgram ScanDisk Share Share-TheProgram Microsoft File Transfer MSFileTransfer-TheProgram Microsoft File Transfer exchanges files between computers with VoiceView capable modems. An MS-DOS hard disk caching program. Microsoft Smart Drive MSSmartDrive-TheProgram An advanced utility designed for 80386 and above computers with the goal of managing a computer system's extended memory. EMM386 EMM396-TheProgram Findramd Findramd-TheProgram Chkdsk-TheProgram An MS-DOS program that diagnoses the status of a disk. MS-DOS chkdsk MS-DOS Registry Checker The MS-DOS program that can backup, restore, scan or fix the Registry. Compare to <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvrogIZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Scanregw_TheProgram</a>. Scanreg-TheProgram A tool for extracting files from CAB (.cab) files (which compress and pack two or more files together). It is similar to the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv6REkZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MSCABFileExtractUtility</a>. MS-DOS CAB File Extract Utility MSCabinetExtractionTool Label Label-TheProgram Label is a Microsoft program that records a name for a hard drive. MSWindowsExpandedMemoryDriver-TheProgram Windows Expanded Memory Driver Emm386.exe is a memory manager that works by converting Extended Memory Standard (XMS) memory (created by Himem.sys) into other forms of memory. Cwbinit-TheProgram Cwbinit An MS- DOS device driver for a Crystal Semiconductor audio card. Iextract-TheProgram Internet Explorer Backup Information Extraction Tool Autochk-TheProgram A program on <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4riNGXwP2fQdaZXrfbbzQmow" class="cyc_term">MSWindows</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVivY5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MSWindowsNT</a> that checks the hard drive during startup. Autochk Append-TheProgram Append The append command is used to copy files into a directory, and if it finds a file with the same name already present, it writes the source file on to the end of the destination file, thereby keeping the data already there and adding the new data. Autoconv A file system conversion utility. Autonconv-TheProgram A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4riNGXwP2fQdaZXrfbbzQmow" class="cyc_term">MSWindows</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVivY5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MSWindowsNT</a> long file name conversion program. Autolfn-TheProgram Autolfn A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvu7355wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MicrosoftComputerProgram</a> that supports <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwBdKSJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NetBIOS</a> functionality. It is accessed via the "NET" command. This command may invoke a wide variety of functions with respect to updating, fixing or viewing network settings. Original versions (still vestigial within the current) were MS-DOS programs. Net Net-TheProgram An MS-DOS File Compare program. Compares two files or sets of files and their differences. File Compare Fc-TheProgram An MS-DOS program that supports the functionality of the DELTREE command, which deletes all the directories/folders structure and all the files contained within, which are located starting from the initial directory specified. Deltree Deltree-TheProgram Microsoft FAT to FAT32 Converter An MS-DOS program that converts 16-bit FAT file system to 32-bit FAT system. Cvt-TheProgram setver The program that displays the version numbers of major installed components on <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVivY5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MSWindowsNT</a>. Setver-TheProgram Tcmsetup Tcmsetup-TheProgram The <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVivY5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MSWindowsNT</a> Telephony Server/Client Setup program. move Move-TheProgram replace Replace-TheProgram The replace file utility. A application part of Microsoft Netmeeting. Rsvp-TheProgram Rsvp Find FindForWindows-TheProgram Boot Verify application for Registry; used for LastKnownGood startup support component. Boot Verify Application for Registry Bootvrfy-TheProgram An MS-DOS mixer used to set or adjust Sound Blaster mixer settings. Cwbmix Cwbmix-TheProgram lmscript Lmscript-TheProgram Conagent-TheProgram Conagent Microsoft program associated with configuring the appearance of the MS-DOS window. Carddrv-TheProgram Carddrv Microsoft CARDDRV is the card disk driver. CARDDRV uses the CardBIOS layer to read and write data, learn of card changes, etc. Dosrep-TheProgram Dosrep The MS-DOS reporting tool. A Microsoft program that installs MSCD (MS CD Extensions). Mscdex Mscdex-TheProgram An MS-DOS protocol manager. Protman MSProtocolManager-TheProgram Nlsfunc-TheProgram An MS-DOS program that loads country-specific information. Nlsfunc Nbtstat-TheProgram An MS-DOS program that displays protocool statistics and current TCP/IP connections using NBT (NetBIOS over TCP/IP). TCP/IP NetBios Information The extended copy utility for <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVivY5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MSWindowsNT</a>. Xcopy Xcopy-TheProgram mem Mem-TheProgram Debug-TheProgram Debug An MS-DOS debugging application. backup Backup-TheProgram A file compression and backup utility for <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4riNGXwP2fQdaZXrfbbzQmow" class="cyc_term">MSWindows</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVivY5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MSWindowsNT</a>. Attrib Attrib-TheProgram A program for changing file attributes (e.g., permissions) in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVivY5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MSWindowsNT</a>. Programs that are made to run under <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj1qZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MS_DOS</a>. Most of them are installed by default during a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4riNGXwP2fQdaZXrfbbzQmow" class="cyc_term">MSWindows</a> or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVivY5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MSWindowsNT</a> installation, but they must be run from the MS-DOS command line. MS-DOSApplication MS-DOS application Programs that are made to run under <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj1qZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MS_DOS</a>. Most of them are installed by default during a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4riNGXwP2fQdaZXrfbbzQmow" class="cyc_term">MSWindows</a> or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVivY5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MSWindowsNT</a> installation, but they must be run from the MS-DOS command line. MS-DOSApplication MS-DOS application ObjectType The collection of all collections that are "object-like" in at least one respect. A collection <code>COL</code> is object-like just in case there is some sense of 'part' according to which any (or nearly any) given proper part of an instance of <code>COL</code> is not itself an instance of <code>COL</code>; when this happens <code>COL</code> is said to be object-like with respect to that sense of 'part'. More precisely, for a collection <code>COL</code> to be an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a> it is sufficient that there be some specialization <code>PARTPRED</code> of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwgfukKs8QdePzLB9nLNpTw" class="cyc_term">properParts</a> such that, for any <code>OBJ1</code> and <code>OBJ2</code>, if <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> OBJ1 COL)</code> and <code>(PARTPRED OBJ1 OBJ2)</code> both hold, then <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> OBJ2 COL)</code> does not hold. (Also sufficient for <code>COL</code>'s being an object-type is that there be some specialization <code>INVPARTPRED</code> of the inverse of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwgfukKs8QdePzLB9nLNpTw" class="cyc_term">properParts</a> (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWHsNJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">genlInverse</a>) such that <code>(INVPARTPRED OBJ2 OBJ1)</code>, with everything else remaining the same as above.) Note that neither of the above sufficient conditions for <code>COL</code>'s being an object-type is strictly necessary: some exceptions are allowed. Thus as long as either one of the above conditionals holds in nearly all cases, <code>COL</code> should be considered an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a>. Here are two examples. Consider <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVwZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Automobile</a>. Take an instance of that, say my car. Now consider one of the proper <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj5FpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">physicalParts</a> of my car, say the steering wheel. The steering wheel is not an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVwZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Automobile</a>. And the same would be true for any proper physical part of any car. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVwZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Automobile</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a>. Consider <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjyV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalendarYear</a>. No proper <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a> of a year is itself a year. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjyV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalendarYear</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a>. See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVir35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StuffType</a> for the contrasting (though not disjoint) notion of being stuff-like. type of object Programs that are made to run under <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj1qZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MS_DOS</a>. Most of them are installed by default during a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4riNGXwP2fQdaZXrfbbzQmow" class="cyc_term">MSWindows</a> or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVivY5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MSWindowsNT</a> installation, but they must be run from the MS-DOS command line. MS-DOSApplication MS-DOS application A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJxiRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgram_CW</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvyBIVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ApplicationProgram</a> is a program whose running copies perform specific functions either directly for users or as background processes. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvyBIVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ApplicationProgram</a> is disjoint with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViws5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystem</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQ499ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OperatingSystemKernel</a>. Together, these three collections partition <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwJxiRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgram_CW</a>. application program ApplicationProgram Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString Programs that are made to run under <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj1qZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MS_DOS</a>. Most of them are installed by default during a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4riNGXwP2fQdaZXrfbbzQmow" class="cyc_term">MSWindows</a> or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVivY5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MSWindowsNT</a> installation, but they must be run from the MS-DOS command line. MS-DOSApplication MS-DOS application