]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. liberal arts field A collection of microtheories; a subset of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Each element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB8IZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LiberalArtsFieldOfStudy</a> is one of those fields of study affiliated with the liberal arts, which includes fields expected to be known to some degree by all educated people, but excluding most specialized knowledge taught in professional schools. Examples: <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB9KpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">History_FieldOfStudy</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB9LpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtHistory</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViyZ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PhilosophyModern</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjHd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mathematics</a>. LiberalArtsFieldOfStudy http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberal_arts liberal arts fields liberal arts U.S. history U.S. history: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB8IZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LiberalArtsFieldOfStudy</a>. AmericanHistory art history ArtHistory Art history: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB8IZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LiberalArtsFieldOfStudy</a>. History-FieldOfStudy history History: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB8IZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LiberalArtsFieldOfStudy</a>. Architectural history: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB8IZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LiberalArtsFieldOfStudy</a>. architectural history ArchitecturalHistory The <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB8IZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LiberalArtsFieldOfStudy</a> of arts. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjHuJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtObject</a> is used to indicate objects d'art. Arts art Humanities: a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB8IZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LiberalArtsFieldOfStudy</a>. Humanities-FieldOfStudy humanities liberal arts field A collection of microtheories; a subset of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Each element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB8IZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LiberalArtsFieldOfStudy</a> is one of those fields of study affiliated with the liberal arts, which includes fields expected to be known to some degree by all educated people, but excluding most specialized knowledge taught in professional schools. Examples: <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB9KpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">History_FieldOfStudy</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB9LpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtHistory</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViyZ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PhilosophyModern</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjHd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mathematics</a>. LiberalArtsFieldOfStudy FieldOfStudy A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvf9sZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AspatialInformationStore</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a> is a particular area of study, with its own distinctive set of theories, hypotheses, and problems. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a> are typically the subject of teaching and/or research within instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViWRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AcademicDepartment</a> (q.v.), although one <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViWRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AcademicDepartment</a> may cover several instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB9LpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtHistory</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViOapwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Physics</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi4wJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtificialIntelligence</a>. field of study InformationAndCWs-Topic information and CWs topic liberal arts field A collection of microtheories; a subset of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Each element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB8IZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LiberalArtsFieldOfStudy</a> is one of those fields of study affiliated with the liberal arts, which includes fields expected to be known to some degree by all educated people, but excluding most specialized knowledge taught in professional schools. Examples: <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB9KpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">History_FieldOfStudy</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB9LpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtHistory</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViyZ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PhilosophyModern</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjHd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mathematics</a>. LiberalArtsFieldOfStudy liberal arts field A collection of microtheories; a subset of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Each element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB8IZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LiberalArtsFieldOfStudy</a> is one of those fields of study affiliated with the liberal arts, which includes fields expected to be known to some degree by all educated people, but excluding most specialized knowledge taught in professional schools. Examples: <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB9KpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">History_FieldOfStudy</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB9LpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtHistory</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViyZ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PhilosophyModern</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjHd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mathematics</a>. LiberalArtsFieldOfStudy Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString liberal arts field A collection of microtheories; a subset of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FieldOfStudy</a>. Each element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB8IZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LiberalArtsFieldOfStudy</a> is one of those fields of study affiliated with the liberal arts, which includes fields expected to be known to some degree by all educated people, but excluding most specialized knowledge taught in professional schools. Examples: <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB9KpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">History_FieldOfStudy</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQB9LpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtHistory</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViyZ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PhilosophyModern</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjHd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mathematics</a>. LiberalArtsFieldOfStudy type of temporally stuff-like thing A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVir35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StuffType</a> (q.v.) whose instances are all and only those collections that are temporally stuff-like. A collection <code>COL</code> is temporally stuff-like just in case every purely temporal part (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a>) of an instance of <code>COL</code> is itself an instance of <code>COL</code>, unless it is a temporal part of a temporal granule of <code>COL</code> (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">granuleOfTemporalStuff</a>). More precisely, for a collection <code>COL</code> to be an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a> it is both a necessary and sufficient condition that for any <code>OBJ1</code> and <code>OBJ2</code> (with <code>OBJ2</code> at or above <code>COL</code>'s temporal granularity level), if <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> OBJ1 COL)</code> and <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a> OBJ1 OBJ2)</code>, then <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> OBJ2 COL)</code>. Consider <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a>. Take an arbitrary instance <code>WALK</code> of this collection (say Miss America 2000's victory walk down the runway and back); and then take an arbitrary time-slice <code>SUBWALK</code> of <code>WALK</code> that subsumes at least one instance of (the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">granuleOfTemporalStuff</a> for <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a>) <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViYBpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TakingAStep</a> (say her trip back from the end of the runway). <code>SUBWALK</code> is itself an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a>. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a>. See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViq35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a> for the disjoint notion of being temporally object-like. TemporalStuffType