]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. small print SmallPrint-PCW A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv5L5vZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PropositionalConceptualWork</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwzyuBkowQdmJm-up9k_AyA" class="cyc_term">SmallPrint_PCW</a> is a part of a #$TextualDocument-CW that contains detailed qualifications of, and restrictions on, the material in the main portion of the document. In many cases, the author of a document wants to de-emphasize the content of the small print section, either because it contains information that the reader may find disagreeable, or because he does not want the reader to be bothered with it; hence small print sections of documents are typically printed in a tiny font (hence the name), but instantiations of instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwzyuBkowQdmJm-up9k_AyA" class="cyc_term">SmallPrint_PCW</a> could, in principle, be printed in any font size. fine print http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_Print PropositionalConceptualWork written or spoken work A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwClAZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ConceptualWork</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv5L5vZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PropositionalConceptualWork</a> is an abstract work constituted at least in part by propositional information. Propositional information is information which has a truth value in some context (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViA7JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Proposition</a>). Typically, instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv5L5vZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PropositionalConceptualWork</a> will be works whose instantiations are composed of (or merely contain) one or more spoken or written sentences. Positive examples of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv5L5vZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PropositionalConceptualWork</a> include any instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwIgO8pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ProseLiteraryWork_CW</a> (including instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvxfXtJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AcademicEssay</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvzHRG5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExpositoryArticle</a>). A positive example that is not a literary work is any instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwUwN3ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MusicalComposition</a> that has lyrics that express propositions; another positive example is a mostly graphical advertisement that also includes text that expresses propositions. ObjectType The collection of all collections that are "object-like" in at least one respect. A collection <code>COL</code> is object-like just in case there is some sense of 'part' according to which any (or nearly any) given proper part of an instance of <code>COL</code> is not itself an instance of <code>COL</code>; when this happens <code>COL</code> is said to be object-like with respect to that sense of 'part'. More precisely, for a collection <code>COL</code> to be an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a> it is sufficient that there be some specialization <code>PARTPRED</code> of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwgfukKs8QdePzLB9nLNpTw" class="cyc_term">properParts</a> such that, for any <code>OBJ1</code> and <code>OBJ2</code>, if <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> OBJ1 COL)</code> and <code>(PARTPRED OBJ1 OBJ2)</code> both hold, then <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> OBJ2 COL)</code> does not hold. (Also sufficient for <code>COL</code>'s being an object-type is that there be some specialization <code>INVPARTPRED</code> of the inverse of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwgfukKs8QdePzLB9nLNpTw" class="cyc_term">properParts</a> (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWHsNJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">genlInverse</a>) such that <code>(INVPARTPRED OBJ2 OBJ1)</code>, with everything else remaining the same as above.) Note that neither of the above sufficient conditions for <code>COL</code>'s being an object-type is strictly necessary: some exceptions are allowed. Thus as long as either one of the above conditionals holds in nearly all cases, <code>COL</code> should be considered an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a>. Here are two examples. Consider <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVwZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Automobile</a>. Take an instance of that, say my car. Now consider one of the proper <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVj5FpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">physicalParts</a> of my car, say the steering wheel. The steering wheel is not an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVwZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Automobile</a>. And the same would be true for any proper physical part of any car. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViVwZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Automobile</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a>. Consider <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjyV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalendarYear</a>. No proper <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a> of a year is itself a year. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjyV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalendarYear</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a>. See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVir35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StuffType</a> for the contrasting (though not disjoint) notion of being stuff-like. type of object Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString small print A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv5L5vZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PropositionalConceptualWork</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwzyuBkowQdmJm-up9k_AyA" class="cyc_term">SmallPrint_PCW</a> is a part of a #$TextualDocument-CW that contains detailed qualifications of, and restrictions on, the material in the main portion of the document. In many cases, the author of a document wants to de-emphasize the content of the small print section, either because it contains information that the reader may find disagreeable, or because he does not want the reader to be bothered with it; hence small print sections of documents are typically printed in a tiny font (hence the name), but instantiations of instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwzyuBkowQdmJm-up9k_AyA" class="cyc_term">SmallPrint_PCW</a> could, in principle, be printed in any font size. SmallPrint-PCW small print A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv5L5vZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PropositionalConceptualWork</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwzyuBkowQdmJm-up9k_AyA" class="cyc_term">SmallPrint_PCW</a> is a part of a #$TextualDocument-CW that contains detailed qualifications of, and restrictions on, the material in the main portion of the document. In many cases, the author of a document wants to de-emphasize the content of the small print section, either because it contains information that the reader may find disagreeable, or because he does not want the reader to be bothered with it; hence small print sections of documents are typically printed in a tiny font (hence the name), but instantiations of instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwzyuBkowQdmJm-up9k_AyA" class="cyc_term">SmallPrint_PCW</a> could, in principle, be printed in any font size. SmallPrint-PCW small print A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv5L5vZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PropositionalConceptualWork</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwzyuBkowQdmJm-up9k_AyA" class="cyc_term">SmallPrint_PCW</a> is a part of a #$TextualDocument-CW that contains detailed qualifications of, and restrictions on, the material in the main portion of the document. In many cases, the author of a document wants to de-emphasize the content of the small print section, either because it contains information that the reader may find disagreeable, or because he does not want the reader to be bothered with it; hence small print sections of documents are typically printed in a tiny font (hence the name), but instantiations of instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwzyuBkowQdmJm-up9k_AyA" class="cyc_term">SmallPrint_PCW</a> could, in principle, be printed in any font size. SmallPrint-PCW