]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. AppointedOffice appointed office The collection of all public offices normally filled by appointment. For example, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwR3lt5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">USStateSecretaryOfState</a>. A normally elected or hereditary office filled in an exceptional circumstance by appointment does not become an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rxDdN4tViQdaJnP-xpGantQ" class="cyc_term">AppointedOffice</a> as a result. offices filled by appointment office filled by appointment appointed offices policy advisor A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rz8VRPn8yQdecMLC_gRFX-g" class="cyc_term">GovernmentalAdministrationOfficial</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r0hlXAuvlQdieFbf06sqfNg" class="cyc_term">Advisor</a>. A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r9cTKguvmQdid7ta26PWKpg" class="cyc_term">PolicyAdvisor</a> is someone whose primary job is to advise some high-ranking public official on matters of policy. A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r9cTKguvmQdid7ta26PWKpg" class="cyc_term">PolicyAdvisor</a> is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r8QkAsuJbEdiOzgACs6hcqg" class="cyc_term">USNationalSecurityAdvisor</a>. PolicyAdvisor The federal Secretary of State heads the foreign affair efforts of the State Department. USSecretaryOfState-Federal U. S. Secretary of State foreign minister MinisterOfForeignAffairs The collection of upper (cabinet-) level government officials whose job it is to deal with foreign relations. White House Press Secretary WhiteHousePressSecretary The primary spokesperson for the Administration of the President of the United States. MinisterOfIntelligence minister of intelligence The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv-GMiJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Minister_Governmental</a>s who head the branch of a regional government responsible for its intelligence activities, including both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwPx5tZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IntelligenceGathering</a> and analysis. Defense minister MinisterOfDefense The collection of all Defense ministers. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv-GMiJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Minister_Governmental</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvdsz7ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MinisterOfDefense</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rxDdN4tViQdaJnP-xpGantQ" class="cyc_term">AppointedOffice</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHwASUNmKQdeFGZ7O1Xwcsg" class="cyc_term">PublicSectorEmployeeTypeByPosition</a>. MinisterOfEducation minister of education The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv-GMiJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Minister_Governmental</a> who head the branch of a regional government responsible for its <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvV5C_5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EducationalSystem</a>. The collection of all ministers of agriculture. A type of citizen and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv-GMiJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Minister_Governmental</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r5rTVwFB1QdmVJ4qRY3H0KQ" class="cyc_term">MinisterOfAgriculture</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rxDdN4tViQdaJnP-xpGantQ" class="cyc_term">AppointedOffice</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHwASUNmKQdeFGZ7O1Xwcsg" class="cyc_term">PublicSectorEmployeeTypeByPosition</a>. minister of agriculture MinisterOfAgriculture secretary of state The secretary of State is an appointed or elected official whose chief responsibilities include the processing and filing of public records including election records. USStateSecretaryOfState The senior member of the U.S. President's staff. White House Chief of Staff WhiteHouseChiefOfStaff USNationalSecurityAdvisor The National Security Advisor is a close assistant to the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQBS0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">UnitedStatesPresident</a> on issues dealing with national security. The advisor serves in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQBaWJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">USExecutiveBranch</a>. US National security advisor ambassador Ambassador A collection of persons; a subset of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv5VvH5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Diplomat</a>. Each element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvrr-aZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Ambassador</a> is a person who is the officially appointed chief representative of a country's government in dealing with another government or an international organization. For example, the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvrr-aZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Ambassador</a> includes the U.S. ambassadors to <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkCopwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Japan</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvViTwZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Russia</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVijQZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">China_PeoplesRepublic</a>, and other countries, and also the U.S. ambassador to the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVkMNpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">UnitedNationsOrganization</a>. A country sends an ambassador to another country only if it officially recognizes that country's sovereign status; e.g., currently there is no U.S. ambassador to <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVigv5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Taiwan_RepublicOfChina</a>. diplomatic minister A collection of government officials who are entrusted with the management of their country's affairs abroad. Ministers accredited to heads of state have a diplomatic rank below ambassadors and above charges d'affaires Minister-Diplomatic U. S. Secretary of Defense USSecretaryOfDefense The federal Secretary of Defense heads the efforts of the Department of Defense. A collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQryspwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PublicOfficial</a>s that are head of the department(s) responsible for the energy production/distribution in a country. By (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVighZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">positionOfPersonInOrganization</a> PERSON (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQrvPZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GovernmentFn</a> COUNTRY) <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv5IE1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MinisterOfEnergy</a>) we say that PERSON has this position in COUNTRY. There may be more than one <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rv5IE1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MinisterOfEnergy</a> for a country at any one time, if the government structure is divides the responsibility among several officials, e.g. the minister of oil, the minister of nuclear energy, etc.. Also, a minister may have more responsibilities including 'energy', e.g. 'minister of infrastructure'. Finally, note that the title for the official in this capacity need not be 'minister', e.g. secretary, chancelor, etc.. MinisterOfEnergy secretary of Energy U. S. Secretary of Homeland Security USSecretaryOfHomelandSecurity The U.S. federal Secretary of Homeland Security heads the efforts of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. The collection of all specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>, that is, of all collections of (first-order) collections, and an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHUFI8h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">ThirdOrderCollection</a>. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> are collections of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>s. Any instance of any instance of any instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvVjaApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Individual</a>. SecondOrderCollection second-order Cyc collection AppointedOffice appointed office The collection of all public offices normally filled by appointment. For example, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwR3lt5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">USStateSecretaryOfState</a>. A normally elected or hereditary office filled in an exceptional circumstance by appointment does not become an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rxDdN4tViQdaJnP-xpGantQ" class="cyc_term">AppointedOffice</a> as a result. AppointedOffice appointed office The collection of all public offices normally filled by appointment. For example, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwR3lt5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">USStateSecretaryOfState</a>. A normally elected or hereditary office filled in an exceptional circumstance by appointment does not become an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rxDdN4tViQdaJnP-xpGantQ" class="cyc_term">AppointedOffice</a> as a result. Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString A collection of collections and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQr5OpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByPositionInOrg</a>. This is the collection of all public offices, whether filled by election (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4r1PJrHNViQdaf4KqKrwDfPQ" class="cyc_term">ElectedOfficial</a>), filled by appointment (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rxDdN4tViQdaJnP-xpGantQ" class="cyc_term">AppointedOffice</a>), or hereditary (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rzyBabtViQdaFkO5DmjF-zw" class="cyc_term">HereditaryOffice</a>). <p/> Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rGvYQ_tRPQdiQoKATDyF_4w" class="cyc_term">PublicOffice</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQrzr5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mayor</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwQBS0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">UnitedStatesPresident</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rvrr-aZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Ambassador</a>. PublicOffice public office AppointedOffice appointed office The collection of all public offices normally filled by appointment. For example, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rwR3lt5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">USStateSecretaryOfState</a>. A normally elected or hereditary office filled in an exceptional circumstance by appointment does not become an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/Mx4rxDdN4tViQdaJnP-xpGantQ" class="cyc_term">AppointedOffice</a> as a result.