]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. Mx4rvWIQRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA IBOCreation creation of an information-bearing object A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PhysicalCreationEvent" class="cyc_term">PhysicalCreationEvent</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBTGeneration" class="cyc_term">IBTGeneration</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBOCreation" class="cyc_term">IBOCreation</a> is an event in which an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InformationBearingObject" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingObject</a> (hereafter IBO) is created. Examples of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBOCreation" class="cyc_term">IBOCreation</a> include publishing a book, making a film, printing a photograph, molding a plastic credit card, painting a billboard, and minting a coin. When an IBO is created, its content may be either original, be copied from a prior <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InformationBearingThing" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingThing</a>, or be instantiated from an existing <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ConceptualWork" class="cyc_term">ConceptualWork</a>. See also the predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/iboCreated" class="cyc_term">iboCreated</a>. creations of an information-bearing object composing A cyc query A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/FirstOrderCollection" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a> and a sub-collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBTGeneration" class="cyc_term">IBTGeneration</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ComposingACycQuery" class="cyc_term">ComposingACycQuery</a> is the set of all events in which some representation of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CycLQuerySpecification" class="cyc_term">CycLQuerySpecification</a> is formulated in some representational medium. ComposingACycQuery The collection of events in which an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InformationBearingObject" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingObject</a> containing written material is created. Includes <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Writing" class="cyc_term">Writing</a>, and the reproduction of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TextualMaterial" class="cyc_term">TextualMaterial</a>. producing written material MakingWrittenMaterial A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/MaterialHandling" class="cyc_term">MaterialHandling</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBOCreation" class="cyc_term">IBOCreation</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/MarkingOnASurface" class="cyc_term">MarkingOnASurface</a> is an event in which visible markings are placed on a surface by an agent (see the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Agent_PartiallyTangible" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a>). The marking may be done by adding material to a surface (as in instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Painting_Activity" class="cyc_term">Painting_Activity</a>) or removing material from a surface (as in instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/EngravingEvent" class="cyc_term">EngravingEvent</a>). MarkingOnASurface marking BookingSomeone-MakingACriminalCharge booking A collection of events; a subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/MakingACriminalCharge" class="cyc_term">MakingACriminalCharge</a>. In each <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/BookingSomeone_MakingACriminalCharge" class="cyc_term">BookingSomeone_MakingACriminalCharge</a>, someone records a charge in a police register. A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBOCreation" class="cyc_term">IBOCreation</a>. Each instance of this collection is an event in which information is recorded, using an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InformationRecordingDevice" class="cyc_term">InformationRecordingDevice</a>. Every <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InformationRecordingProcess" class="cyc_term">InformationRecordingProcess</a> produces an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InformationBearingObject" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingObject</a>. Specializations include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/SavingAFile" class="cyc_term">SavingAFile</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/AudioTapeRecording" class="cyc_term">AudioTapeRecording</a>. InformationRecordingProcess recording registering Registering-IBOCreation A collection of events; a subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBOCreation" class="cyc_term">IBOCreation</a>. In each <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Registering_IBOCreation" class="cyc_term">Registering_IBOCreation</a>, something records something else in writing; enters something into a book of names or events or transactions. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CreatingABugReport" class="cyc_term">CreatingABugReport</a>, a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBOCreation" class="cyc_term">IBOCreation</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/MakingSomething" class="cyc_term">MakingSomething</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InformationAdding" class="cyc_term">InformationAdding</a>, is the collection of all creation events in which a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/BugReport" class="cyc_term">BugReport</a> is created. See, in particular, the specialization <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CreatingABugzillaBugReport" class="cyc_term">CreatingABugzillaBugReport</a>. CreatingABugReport creating A bug report Spelling The collection of all spelling. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBOCreation" class="cyc_term">IBOCreation</a>. spelling computer editing EditingAnElectronicDocument A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBOCreation" class="cyc_term">IBOCreation</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/EditingAnElectronicDocument" class="cyc_term">EditingAnElectronicDocument</a> is an event in which an agent uses a computer to edit an electronic document, such as a text file (e.g., via word processing -- see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/WordProcessingProgram" class="cyc_term">WordProcessingProgram</a>), a PowerPoint presentation, or a spreadsheet. CataloguingWrittenMaterial cataloguing written material A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBOCreation" class="cyc_term">IBOCreation</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/SortingPhysicalObjects" class="cyc_term">SortingPhysicalObjects</a>. Each instance of this collection is an event in which someone (such as a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Librarian" class="cyc_term">Librarian</a>) creates a #$Catalogue of written materials (by recording and/or filing information about those materials). This collection includes instances of shaping an image or representation from a (semi)solid material (such as wood, stone, or metal), often resulting in a three-dimensional work of art. Sculpting sculpting IBTGeneration generation of an information bearing thing A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InformationTransferEvent" class="cyc_term">InformationTransferEvent</a> and of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Action" class="cyc_term">Action</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBTGeneration" class="cyc_term">IBTGeneration</a> is an event which creates some <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InformationBearingThing" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingThing</a>. The <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InformationBearingThing" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingThing</a> created may be either a transient wave phenomenon (e.g. sound, light, or radio waves), or it may be a relatively long-lasting instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InformationBearingObject" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingObject</a> (cf. the important specialization of IBTGeneration -- <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBOCreation" class="cyc_term">IBOCreation</a>). Humans frequently generate such IBTs as spoken language, gestures, and handwritten notes. It is irrelevant for instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBTGeneration" class="cyc_term">IBTGeneration</a> whether there is another agent who accesses the resulting IBT. Note that every communication act starts with an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBTGeneration" class="cyc_term">IBTGeneration</a>. (Thus, see also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Communicating" class="cyc_term">Communicating</a> and its specializations, especially <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CommunicationAct_Single" class="cyc_term">CommunicationAct_Single</a>.) For an analogous collection regarding instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ConceptualWork" class="cyc_term">ConceptualWork</a>, see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CWCreation" class="cyc_term">CWCreation</a>. Two important specializations of this collection are <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBTGeneration_Original" class="cyc_term">IBTGeneration_Original</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBTGeneration_Replication" class="cyc_term">IBTGeneration_Replication</a>. See also the predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ibtGenerated" class="cyc_term">ibtGenerated</a>. The subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Evaluating" class="cyc_term">Evaluating</a> in which what is evaluated are instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/AspatialInformationStore" class="cyc_term">AspatialInformationStore</a>. InformationAnalysis information analysis A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InformationTransferEvent" class="cyc_term">InformationTransferEvent</a> (q.v.) and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PhysicalEvent" class="cyc_term">PhysicalEvent</a> each instance of which involves at least one <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PartiallyTangible" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a>, either as its source (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/informationOrigin" class="cyc_term">informationOrigin</a>), as (at least one of) its destination(s) (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/informationDestination" class="cyc_term">informationDestination</a>), or both. (A partially tangible source or destination, note, must pre-exist the transfer event.) Indeed, most if not all actual information transfer events are physical events; but <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InformationTransferPhysicalEvent" class="cyc_term">InformationTransferPhysicalEvent</a> does in principle exclude those such as telepathic communications between disembodied spirits or other <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Agent_Intangible" class="cyc_term">Agent_Intangible</a>s. physical information transfer InformationTransferPhysicalEvent information and CWs topic InformationAndCWs-Topic IBOCreation creation of an information-bearing object A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PhysicalCreationEvent" class="cyc_term">PhysicalCreationEvent</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBTGeneration" class="cyc_term">IBTGeneration</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBOCreation" class="cyc_term">IBOCreation</a> is an event in which an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InformationBearingObject" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingObject</a> (hereafter IBO) is created. Examples of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBOCreation" class="cyc_term">IBOCreation</a> include publishing a book, making a film, printing a photograph, molding a plastic credit card, painting a billboard, and minting a coin. When an IBO is created, its content may be either original, be copied from a prior <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InformationBearingThing" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingThing</a>, or be instantiated from an existing <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ConceptualWork" class="cyc_term">ConceptualWork</a>. See also the predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/iboCreated" class="cyc_term">iboCreated</a>. IBOCreation creation of an information-bearing object A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PhysicalCreationEvent" class="cyc_term">PhysicalCreationEvent</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBTGeneration" class="cyc_term">IBTGeneration</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBOCreation" class="cyc_term">IBOCreation</a> is an event in which an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InformationBearingObject" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingObject</a> (hereafter IBO) is created. Examples of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBOCreation" class="cyc_term">IBOCreation</a> include publishing a book, making a film, printing a photograph, molding a plastic credit card, painting a billboard, and minting a coin. When an IBO is created, its content may be either original, be copied from a prior <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InformationBearingThing" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingThing</a>, or be instantiated from an existing <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ConceptualWork" class="cyc_term">ConceptualWork</a>. See also the predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/iboCreated" class="cyc_term">iboCreated</a>. The subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Collecting" class="cyc_term">Collecting</a> whose instances are events in which instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/AspatialInformationStore" class="cyc_term">AspatialInformationStore</a> are collected. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CollectingInformation" class="cyc_term">CollectingInformation</a> differs from <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InformationGathering" class="cyc_term">InformationGathering</a> in that instances of the former involve more than just the transfer of information. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CollectingInformation" class="cyc_term">CollectingInformation</a> may involve actitivites that are not themselves instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InformationTransferEvent" class="cyc_term">InformationTransferEvent</a>. For example, a military reconnaissance flight might be an instance, or subevent of an instance, of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CollectingInformation" class="cyc_term">CollectingInformation</a>, but it involves events - such as the motion of the aircraft - that are not information transfer events. In addition, instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CollectingInformation" class="cyc_term">CollectingInformation</a> involve the creation of an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InformationBearingObject" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingObject</a>, which need not be the case for instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InformationGathering" class="cyc_term">InformationGathering</a>. collection information CollectingInformation physical creation event The collection of all <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CreationEvent" class="cyc_term">CreationEvent</a>s in which something <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PartiallyTangible" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a> is created. PhysicalCreationEvent IBOCreation creation of an information-bearing object A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PhysicalCreationEvent" class="cyc_term">PhysicalCreationEvent</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBTGeneration" class="cyc_term">IBTGeneration</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBOCreation" class="cyc_term">IBOCreation</a> is an event in which an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InformationBearingObject" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingObject</a> (hereafter IBO) is created. Examples of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBOCreation" class="cyc_term">IBOCreation</a> include publishing a book, making a film, printing a photograph, molding a plastic credit card, painting a billboard, and minting a coin. When an IBO is created, its content may be either original, be copied from a prior <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InformationBearingThing" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingThing</a>, or be instantiated from an existing <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ConceptualWork" class="cyc_term">ConceptualWork</a>. See also the predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/iboCreated" class="cyc_term">iboCreated</a>. IBOCreation creation of an information-bearing object A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PhysicalCreationEvent" class="cyc_term">PhysicalCreationEvent</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBTGeneration" class="cyc_term">IBTGeneration</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBOCreation" class="cyc_term">IBOCreation</a> is an event in which an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InformationBearingObject" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingObject</a> (hereafter IBO) is created. Examples of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBOCreation" class="cyc_term">IBOCreation</a> include publishing a book, making a film, printing a photograph, molding a plastic credit card, painting a billboard, and minting a coin. When an IBO is created, its content may be either original, be copied from a prior <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InformationBearingThing" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingThing</a>, or be instantiated from an existing <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ConceptualWork" class="cyc_term">ConceptualWork</a>. See also the predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/iboCreated" class="cyc_term">iboCreated</a>. IBOCreation creation of an information-bearing object A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PhysicalCreationEvent" class="cyc_term">PhysicalCreationEvent</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBTGeneration" class="cyc_term">IBTGeneration</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBOCreation" class="cyc_term">IBOCreation</a> is an event in which an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InformationBearingObject" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingObject</a> (hereafter IBO) is created. Examples of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IBOCreation" class="cyc_term">IBOCreation</a> include publishing a book, making a film, printing a photograph, molding a plastic credit card, painting a billboard, and minting a coin. When an IBO is created, its content may be either original, be copied from a prior <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InformationBearingThing" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingThing</a>, or be instantiated from an existing <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ConceptualWork" class="cyc_term">ConceptualWork</a>. See also the predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/iboCreated" class="cyc_term">iboCreated</a>. information dissemination An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InformationDissemination" class="cyc_term">InformationDissemination</a> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Communicating" class="cyc_term">Communicating</a> in which information is disseminated to a group of agents by means of instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InformationBearingObject" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingObject</a>. InformationDissemination BT <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/broaderTerm" class="cyc_term">broaderTerm</a> TERM1 TERM2)</code> means that <code>TERM2</code> is broader than <code>TERM1</code>, in an extremely general sense of "broader". For example, <code>TERM2</code> is, in the relevant sense, broader than <code>TERM1</code> if any of the following hold: <code>TERM2</code> is a collection that subsumes <code>TERM1</code>; <code>TERM2</code> is a collection that has <code>TERM1</code> as an instance; <code>TERM2</code> is a collection, instances of which have instances of the collection <code>TERM1</code> as parts; <code>TERM2</code> has <code>TERM1</code> as a part; This list of reasons for why <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/broaderTerm" class="cyc_term">broaderTerm</a> TERM1 TERM2)</code> could hold is not exhaustive, but it should give a good indication of how general the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/broaderTerm" class="cyc_term">broaderTerm</a> relation actually is. broaderTerm TemporalStuffType type of temporally stuff-like thing A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/StuffType" class="cyc_term">StuffType</a> (q.v.) whose instances are all and only those collections that are temporally stuff-like. A collection <code>COL</code> is temporally stuff-like just in case every purely temporal part (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/timeSlices" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a>) of an instance of <code>COL</code> is itself an instance of <code>COL</code>, unless it is a temporal part of a temporal granule of <code>COL</code> (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/granuleOfTemporalStuff" class="cyc_term">granuleOfTemporalStuff</a>). More precisely, for a collection <code>COL</code> to be an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TemporalStuffType" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a> it is both a necessary and sufficient condition that for any <code>OBJ1</code> and <code>OBJ2</code> (with <code>OBJ2</code> at or above <code>COL</code>'s temporal granularity level), if <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/isa" class="cyc_term">isa</a> OBJ1 COL)</code> and <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/timeSlices" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a> OBJ1 OBJ2)</code>, then <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/isa" class="cyc_term">isa</a> OBJ2 COL)</code>. Consider <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/WalkingOnTwoLegs" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a>. Take an arbitrary instance <code>WALK</code> of this collection (say Miss America 2000's victory walk down the runway and back); and then take an arbitrary time-slice <code>SUBWALK</code> of <code>WALK</code> that subsumes at least one instance of (the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/granuleOfTemporalStuff" class="cyc_term">granuleOfTemporalStuff</a> for <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/WalkingOnTwoLegs" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a>) <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TakingAStep" class="cyc_term">TakingAStep</a> (say her trip back from the end of the runway). <code>SUBWALK</code> is itself an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/WalkingOnTwoLegs" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a>. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/WalkingOnTwoLegs" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TemporalStuffType" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a>. See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TemporalObjectType" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a> for the disjoint notion of being temporally object-like. prettyString (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/prettyString" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/prettyString" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. Pretty String Transform-Topic transform-topic