]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. Manager Mx4rvVi3YpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/AdministrativeStaffPerson" class="cyc_term">AdministrativeStaffPerson</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Manager" class="cyc_term">Manager</a> is a person whose primary job is to manage other people, directing their work activity in an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Organization" class="cyc_term">Organization</a> or for a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Project" class="cyc_term">Project</a>. A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Manager" class="cyc_term">Manager</a> tells his or her subordinate workers what to do. manager managers co-manager mid-level manager MidLevelManager Someone who is in charge of some part of a company, but is answerable to some other manager in the company. intelligence officer The collection of all <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IntelligenceAgent" class="cyc_term">IntelligenceAgent</a>s who are employed in the job of managing field operatives (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IntelligenceOperative" class="cyc_term">IntelligenceOperative</a>) or analysts (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IntelligenceAnalyst" class="cyc_term">IntelligenceAnalyst</a>). IntelligenceOfficer-Occupation A person whose immediate boss is a manager and who has secondary power to act in that manager's absence. Having this role is common practice in operations where the manager is not present for significant amounts of time. AssistantManager assistant manager A manager working on employee benefits for an organization. BenefitsManager benefits manager A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PublicOfficial" class="cyc_term">PublicOfficial</a> (q.v.). Typically, a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ChiefOfStaff" class="cyc_term">ChiefOfStaff</a> heads the office or personal staff of an important public official. For example, the White House Chief of Staff is the highest-ranking member of the Executive Office of the President of the United States; a Congressional Chief of Staff heads the office of a member of the United States Congress. Note that a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ChiefOfStaff" class="cyc_term">ChiefOfStaff</a> in the present sense is not to be confused with a military chief of staff. Cf. #$chiefOfStaff-Military, and see the specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CoordinatingStaffMember_USArmy" class="cyc_term">CoordinatingStaffMember_USArmy</a>. ChiefOfStaff chief of staff Someone whose job is to make sure that backup tapes are made. backup tape manager BackupTapeManager ServiceManager service manager These folk have to deal with the tough cases, managing impossible customer schedules, testy customers, sharp-tongued service reps. Dog's life. InventoryBuyingManager inventory buying manager The person who manages a team of InventoryBuyingAgents. Although this person might also function as a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InventoryBuyingAgent" class="cyc_term">InventoryBuyingAgent</a>, they have additional responsibilities, such as approving large purchases, setting employee schedules and quotas, enforcing company policies on the sales force. The person who manages a team of PurchasingAgents. Although this person might also function as a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PurchasingAgent" class="cyc_term">PurchasingAgent</a>, they have additional responsibilities, such as approving large purchases, setting employee schedules and quotas, enforcing company policies on the sales force. purchasing manager PurchasingManager floor manager The collection of all floor managers. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Manager" class="cyc_term">Manager</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/FloorManager" class="cyc_term">FloorManager</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PersonTypeByPositionInOrg" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByPositionInOrg</a>. FloorManager technical manager The collection of all technical managers. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Administrator" class="cyc_term">Administrator</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Manager" class="cyc_term">Manager</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TechnicalManager" class="cyc_term">TechnicalManager</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PersonTypeByPositionInOrg" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByPositionInOrg</a>. TechnicalManager government minister Minister-Governmental A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PublicOfficial" class="cyc_term">PublicOfficial</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Manager" class="cyc_term">Manager</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Minister_Governmental" class="cyc_term">Minister_Governmental</a> is a person who is responsible for managing the activities of some department or sub-organization of a (usually national) government. Notable specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Minister_Governmental" class="cyc_term">Minister_Governmental</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PrimeMinister_HeadOfGovernment" class="cyc_term">PrimeMinister_HeadOfGovernment</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Minister_Diplomatic" class="cyc_term">Minister_Diplomatic</a>. ProjectManager project manager Someone who is in charge of a specific project at a company. A manager of a particular department in a department store. Typically doesn't perform direct sales activities, but might do so sometimes. Responsible for the smooth running of the department, including assuring that sufficient inventory is available, setting employee schedules, and approving checks for customers. RetailDepartmentManager department manager sales manager SalesManager The person who manages a team of SalesPersons. Although this person might also function as a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/SalesPerson" class="cyc_term">SalesPerson</a>, they have additional responsibilities, such as customer check verification, setting employee schedules and quotas, enforcing company policies on the sales force. ChiefOfOperationsResearchAndStrategicDevelopment chief of operations research and strategic development The collection of all chiefs of operations research and strategic development. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Manager" class="cyc_term">Manager</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ChiefOfOperationsResearchAndStrategicDevelopment" class="cyc_term">ChiefOfOperationsResearchAndStrategicDevelopment</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PersonTypeByPositionInOrg" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByPositionInOrg</a>. The collection of all credit managers. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Manager" class="cyc_term">Manager</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CreditManager" class="cyc_term">CreditManager</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PersonTypeByPositionInOrg" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByPositionInOrg</a>. credit manager CreditManager CampaignManager campaign manager the Manager of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PoliticalElectionCampaign" class="cyc_term">PoliticalElectionCampaign</a>. ComputerSystemsManager computer systems manager The collection of all computer systems managers. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Administrator" class="cyc_term">Administrator</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Manager" class="cyc_term">Manager</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ComputerSystemsManager" class="cyc_term">ComputerSystemsManager</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PersonTypeByPositionInOrg" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByPositionInOrg</a>. The collection of all general managers. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Manager" class="cyc_term">Manager</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/GeneralManager_SportsTeam" class="cyc_term">GeneralManager_SportsTeam</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PersonTypeByPositionInOrg" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByPositionInOrg</a>. GeneralManager-SportsTeam general manager FrontOfficeManager front office manager Manager of the front office, sometimes called guest services department The collection of all account managers. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/BusinessPerson" class="cyc_term">BusinessPerson</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Manager" class="cyc_term">Manager</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Administrator" class="cyc_term">Administrator</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/AccountManager" class="cyc_term">AccountManager</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PersonTypeByPositionInOrg" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByPositionInOrg</a>. AccountManager account manager Apu Nahasapeemapetilon Apu-FictionalCharacter Seymour Skinner SeymourSkinner-FictionalCharacter Manager A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/AdministrativeStaffPerson" class="cyc_term">AdministrativeStaffPerson</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Manager" class="cyc_term">Manager</a> is a person whose primary job is to manage other people, directing their work activity in an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Organization" class="cyc_term">Organization</a> or for a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Project" class="cyc_term">Project</a>. A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Manager" class="cyc_term">Manager</a> tells his or her subordinate workers what to do. manager Manager A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/AdministrativeStaffPerson" class="cyc_term">AdministrativeStaffPerson</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Manager" class="cyc_term">Manager</a> is a person whose primary job is to manage other people, directing their work activity in an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Organization" class="cyc_term">Organization</a> or for a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Project" class="cyc_term">Project</a>. A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Manager" class="cyc_term">Manager</a> tells his or her subordinate workers what to do. manager middle class MiddleClass The collection of all persons whose economic status is middle class. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/HomoSapiens" class="cyc_term">HomoSapiens</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/MiddleClass" class="cyc_term">MiddleClass</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PersonTypeBySocialClass" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeBySocialClass</a>. Manager A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/AdministrativeStaffPerson" class="cyc_term">AdministrativeStaffPerson</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Manager" class="cyc_term">Manager</a> is a person whose primary job is to manage other people, directing their work activity in an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Organization" class="cyc_term">Organization</a> or for a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Project" class="cyc_term">Project</a>. A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Manager" class="cyc_term">Manager</a> tells his or her subordinate workers what to do. manager AdministrativeStaffPerson A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/DeskWorker" class="cyc_term">DeskWorker</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/AdministrativeStaffPerson" class="cyc_term">AdministrativeStaffPerson</a> is a worker whose primary job responsibilities are administrative and/or managerial tasks. Such jobs can be at any level in an organization's hierarchy, from receptionist/secretary to executive assistant to manager. administrative staff person Manager A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/AdministrativeStaffPerson" class="cyc_term">AdministrativeStaffPerson</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Manager" class="cyc_term">Manager</a> is a person whose primary job is to manage other people, directing their work activity in an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Organization" class="cyc_term">Organization</a> or for a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Project" class="cyc_term">Project</a>. A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Manager" class="cyc_term">Manager</a> tells his or her subordinate workers what to do. manager Manager A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/AdministrativeStaffPerson" class="cyc_term">AdministrativeStaffPerson</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Manager" class="cyc_term">Manager</a> is a person whose primary job is to manage other people, directing their work activity in an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Organization" class="cyc_term">Organization</a> or for a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Project" class="cyc_term">Project</a>. A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Manager" class="cyc_term">Manager</a> tells his or her subordinate workers what to do. manager people related to organizations organization topic PeopleRelatedToOrganizations-Organization-Topic A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CycVocabularyTopic" class="cyc_term">CycVocabularyTopic</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/KBDependentCollection" class="cyc_term">KBDependentCollection</a>. Manager A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/AdministrativeStaffPerson" class="cyc_term">AdministrativeStaffPerson</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Manager" class="cyc_term">Manager</a> is a person whose primary job is to manage other people, directing their work activity in an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Organization" class="cyc_term">Organization</a> or for a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Project" class="cyc_term">Project</a>. A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Manager" class="cyc_term">Manager</a> tells his or her subordinate workers what to do. manager BT <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/broaderTerm" class="cyc_term">broaderTerm</a> TERM1 TERM2)</code> means that <code>TERM2</code> is broader than <code>TERM1</code>, in an extremely general sense of "broader". For example, <code>TERM2</code> is, in the relevant sense, broader than <code>TERM1</code> if any of the following hold: <code>TERM2</code> is a collection that subsumes <code>TERM1</code>; <code>TERM2</code> is a collection that has <code>TERM1</code> as an instance; <code>TERM2</code> is a collection, instances of which have instances of the collection <code>TERM1</code> as parts; <code>TERM2</code> has <code>TERM1</code> as a part; This list of reasons for why <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/broaderTerm" class="cyc_term">broaderTerm</a> TERM1 TERM2)</code> could hold is not exhaustive, but it should give a good indication of how general the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/broaderTerm" class="cyc_term">broaderTerm</a> relation actually is. broaderTerm type of position PersonTypeByPositionInOrg A collection of collections. A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PersonTypeByPositionInOrg" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByPositionInOrg</a> is a collection representing a type of position in an organization. More precisely, each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PersonTypeByPositionInOrg" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByPositionInOrg</a> is the collection of instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Person" class="cyc_term">Person</a> who typically hold that position within some <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Organization" class="cyc_term">Organization</a> or other. For example, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Scout" class="cyc_term">Scout</a> is the collection of all persons who are scouts -- e.g. people who lead people through wilderness areas or jungles. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Scout" class="cyc_term">Scout</a> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PersonTypeByPositionInOrg" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByPositionInOrg</a> because typically a scout performs those duties within the context of their employment with some organization or other. Some other instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PersonTypeByPositionInOrg" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByPositionInOrg</a> are <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Mayor" class="cyc_term">Mayor</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CampaignManager" class="cyc_term">CampaignManager</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Director_Movie" class="cyc_term">Director_Movie</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/BaseballShortstop" class="cyc_term">BaseballShortstop</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Secretary" class="cyc_term">Secretary</a>. Obviously, which position-types are filled in a given organization partly depends on the type of organization it is; thus cities have mayors while business firms do not. Note that <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PersonTypeByPositionInOrg" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByPositionInOrg</a> is _not_ a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PersonTypeByOccupation" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByOccupation</a> (q.v.); the latter categorizes workers according to the kinds of activities they perform at work rather than the positions organization members hold in their respective organizations. The typical activities of a vice president of a toy manufacturer (e.g.) are likely to be very unlike those of the vice president of a stamp club. An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PersonTypeByPositionInOrg" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByPositionInOrg</a> need not be a spec of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PersonWithOccupation" class="cyc_term">PersonWithOccupation</a>. Since every action is taken to be performed as part of one's job in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/JobMt" class="cyc_term">JobMt</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PersonTypeByPositionInOrg" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByPositionInOrg</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PersonTypeByOccupation" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByOccupation</a> there. prettyString (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/prettyString" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/prettyString" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. Pretty String