]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. TextuallySpecificWork textually specific work A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/LiteraryWork_CW" class="cyc_term">LiteraryWork_CW</a> with which a single complete text can be associated (via <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TextOfTextuallySpecificWorkFn" class="cyc_term">TextOfTextuallySpecificWorkFn</a>). This is not generally true of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/LiteraryWork_CW" class="cyc_term">LiteraryWork_CW</a>, such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/MobyDickNovel" class="cyc_term">MobyDickNovel</a> (a work which has no specific text associated with it -- see the comment on <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/LiteraryWork_CW" class="cyc_term">LiteraryWork_CW</a>). Mx4rwHc9UZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA textually specific works Excerpt-PCW A sub-collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Passage_Chapter_PCW" class="cyc_term">Passage_Chapter_PCW</a>. Each instance is a passage selected from a larger conceptual work. excerpt PCW The collection of all <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TextuallySpecificWork" class="cyc_term">TextuallySpecificWork</a>s consisting of a small number of sentences that are attributed to a specific individual. Although many utterance or written <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Statement" class="cyc_term">Statement</a> by a person may instantiate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ConceptualWork" class="cyc_term">ConceptualWork</a>s that may be used as a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Quotation" class="cyc_term">Quotation</a> of that person, unless and until such a work is recorded and so attributed it is not an instance of the collection, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Quotation" class="cyc_term">Quotation</a>. Every <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Quotation" class="cyc_term">Quotation</a> has a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TextString" class="cyc_term">TextString</a> as an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/infoStructureOfCW" class="cyc_term">infoStructureOfCW</a>. The <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Quotation" class="cyc_term">Quotation</a> is neither the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TextString" class="cyc_term">TextString</a> nor the initially generated <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InformationBearingThing" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingThing</a> (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/AnimalUtterance_IBT" class="cyc_term">AnimalUtterance_IBT</a> or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Statement" class="cyc_term">Statement</a>), but is the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ConceptualWork" class="cyc_term">ConceptualWork</a> instantiated by that IBT. quotation Quotation CycBrowserLexificationAssistantModule Cyc Browser Lexification Assistant Module CycBrowserHistoryModule Cyc Browser History Module Cyc Browser Typical Size Harvester Module CycBrowserTypicalSizeHarvesterModule Cyc Browser Phrase Structure Parse Module CycBrowserPhraseStructureParseModule Cyc Browser Cyc Ontology Grapher Module CycBrowserCycOntologyGrapherModule Cyc Browser SKS Manager Module CycBrowserSKSManagerModule A module of Cyc that performs word- sentence- and document-level disambiguations of text. Document Disambiguator DocumentDisambiguator CycBrowserLegacyAskModule Cyc Browser Legacy Ask Module An obsolete subcomponent of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CycBrowser" class="cyc_term">CycBrowser</a>. The <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CycBrowserLegacyAskModule" class="cyc_term">CycBrowserLegacyAskModule</a> enables a human user to use a web browser to issue queries to Cyc, and view the results and justifications. Cyc Browser Compose Module CycBrowserComposeModule the Cyc theorem prover CycTheoremProver The part of Cyc's inference engine which conducts a search through proof space to find answers to queries, using HL modules to aid its search. CycBrowserTemplateMatchingToolModule Cyc Browser Template Matching Tool Module CycCanonicalizer the canonicalizer The part of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CycProgram" class="cyc_term">CycProgram</a> that canonicalizes #$ELSentence-Assertibles before they become <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CycLAssertion" class="cyc_term">CycLAssertion</a>s, tests for their well-formedness, and other similar functions. Cyc Browser Partition Save Module CycBrowserPartitionSaveModule CycBehaviorEngine Cyc's behavior engine that interprets <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CycBehaviorLanguage" class="cyc_term">CycBehaviorLanguage</a> scripts. the Cyc behavior engine The Return of the King TheReturnOfTheKing-Novel Cyc Browser Query Module CycBrowserQueryModule 'The Ins and Out of Being a Pig Parent,' NAPPA (See http://www.petpigs.com/brochures/nutrition.html). An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ExpositoryArticle" class="cyc_term">ExpositoryArticle</a>, about caring for the nutritional needs of your pet potbellied pig. TheInsAndOutOfBeingAPigParent-Article The Axis of Evil: Iran, Hizballah, and the Palestinian Terror TKBFactEntrySource-Book-Axis-of-Evil-Iran-Hizballah-and-the-Palestinian-Terror-the Cyc Browser Create Term Module CycBrowserCreateTermModule Cyc Browser Cyc Navigator Module CycBrowserCycNavigatorModule Cyc Browser KB Content Test Monitor Module CycBrowserKBContentTestMonitorModule Cyc Browser Wales Module CycBrowserWalesModule Cyc Browser Template Parsing Tool Module CycBrowserTemplateParsingToolModule TheFellowshipOfTheRing-Novel The Fellowship of the Ring CycConceptSummarizer The tool used to summarize KB information about a concept. the Concept Summarizer The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn AdventuresOfHuckleberryFinn Cyc Browser Formula Template Editor Module CycBrowserFormulaTemplateEditorModule CycBrowserWordNetModule Cyc Browser Word Net Module CycBrowserKIFUtilitiesModule Cyc Browser KIF Utilities Module CycBrowserForwardingModule Cyc Browser Forwarding Module Cyc Browser CR Search Module CycBrowserCRSearchModule Cyc Browser Forward Inference Browser Module CycBrowserForwardInferenceBrowserModule Cyc Browser Browser Options Module CycBrowserBrowserOptionsModule One of the interfaces to the Cyc system. The <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CycBrowser" class="cyc_term">CycBrowser</a> is an HTML-based interface which enables the user to view the contents of the Cyc KB, make changes to it, query it, and perform a whole host of other tasks. Currently the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CycBrowser" class="cyc_term">CycBrowser</a> is part of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CycProgram" class="cyc_term">CycProgram</a>, but it is not a necessary part (i.e., it could conceivably be implemented as a separate application without sacrificing any of its functionality or of the core functionality of Cyc.) Cyc Browser CycBrowser Cyc Browser Planner Module CycBrowserPlannerModule The Lord of the Rings trilogy LordOfTheRings-Trilogy the CycL Simplifier A module of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CycCanonicalizer" class="cyc_term">CycCanonicalizer</a> which simplifies EL formulas. CycLSimplifier GettysburgAddress-MS Gettysburg Address MS The manuscript of the Gettysburg Address, handwritten by Lincoln on an envelope. CycBrowserWhenModule Cyc Browser When Module Cyc Browser KE File Module CycBrowserKE-FileModule CycBrowserTermIndexOverlapModule Cyc Browser Term Index Overlap Module Cyc Browser Hypothesize Module CycBrowserHypothesizeModule CycBrowserHaloInterfaceModule Cyc Browser Halo Interface Module TheTwoTowers-Novel The Two Towers CycBrowserHierarchyBrowserModule Cyc Browser Hierarchy Browser Module The part of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CycProgram" class="cyc_term">CycProgram</a> that takes HL expressions from the KB and transforms them into their canonical EL form. CycUncanonicalizer the uncanonicalizer CycBrowserKEReviewModule Cyc Browser KE Review Module Cyc Browser Local Transcripts Viewer Module CycBrowserLocalTranscriptsViewerModule CycBrowserUIMMAObserverModule Cyc Browser UIMMA Observer Module Cyc Test And Query Saving And Editing Tool CycTestAndQuerySavingAndEditingTool Interface for saving or editing instances of #$KBContentTest-FullySpecified and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CycLQuerySpecification" class="cyc_term">CycLQuerySpecification</a>, and a component of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CycBrowser" class="cyc_term">CycBrowser</a>. L 2 R NCR Utility Test Paragraph 00003 L2R-NCRUtilityTestParagraph00003 CycBrowserFindAssertionModule Cyc Browser Find Assertion Module CycBrowserLDSCQueryToolModule Cyc Browser LDSC Query Tool Module Cyc Browser Sub LOOP Browser Module CycBrowserSubLOOPBrowserModule Cyc Browser Templatebased OE Module CycBrowserTemplate-basedOEModule Cyc Browser Similarity Tool Module CycBrowserSimilarityToolModule Cyc Browser Assert Module CycBrowserAssertModule the Cyc well-formedness checker The part of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CycProgram" class="cyc_term">CycProgram</a> that tests for well-formedness. CycWellFormednessChecker Peloponnesian War History By Thucydides PeloponnesianWarHistoryByThucydides A text corpus, currently used by the noun learner. NewYorkTimes2001TextCorpus New York Times 2001 Text Corpus VanityFair-TheBook Vanity Fair Cyc Browser Forward Propogate Mt Module CycBrowserForwardPropogateMtModule CycBrowserQueryLibraryToolModule the Cyc query library L 2 R The Bridge Collapsed In July Test Paragraph 00001 L2R-TheBridgeCollapsedInJuly-TestParagraph00001 CycBrowserSubLInteractorModule Cyc Browser Sub L Interactor Module CycBrowserAlphabeticalBrowser Cyc Browser Alphabetical Browser the CycL Reformulator CycLReformulator A module of Cyc which can be used as part of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CycCanonicalizer" class="cyc_term">CycCanonicalizer</a> or as a stand-alone module. It reformulates EL formulas into other forms, either simpler, more terse, or more verbose, based on <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CycLReformulatorDirective" class="cyc_term">CycLReformulatorDirective</a>s in the KB. See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ReformulatorMode" class="cyc_term">ReformulatorMode</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/reformulationDirectionInMode" class="cyc_term">reformulationDirectionInMode</a> for more detail on what the reformulator determines to be simpler, more terse, or more verbose. CycBrowserSchemaModelingToolModule Cyc Browser Schema Modeling Tool Module Fact Entry Tool CycBrowserFactEntryToolModule Cyc Browser Partition Load Module CycBrowserPartitionLoadModule SBHL SBHL stands for Subsumption-Based Heuristic Level. It is the module of Cyc's inference engine that handles reasoning about <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/isa" class="cyc_term">isa</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/genls" class="cyc_term">genls</a>, #$genlAttributes, etc. SBHL CycBrowsersScenarioGenerationToolModule Cyc Browsers Scenario Generation Tool Module Cyc Browser Dictionary Assistant Module CycBrowserDictionaryAssistantModule L2R-ThePartyHappenedInDecemberTestParagraph00001 L 2 R The Party Happened In December Test Paragraph 00001 CycBrowserUIAModule Cyc Browser UIA Module CycInferenceEngine Cyc's inference engine, parts of which include the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CycCanonicalizer" class="cyc_term">CycCanonicalizer</a>, the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CycTheoremProver" class="cyc_term">CycTheoremProver</a>, and all <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CycHLModule" class="cyc_term">CycHLModule</a>s. the Cyc inference engine PotbelliedPigs-Article 'Potbellied Pigs,' MVH (See http://www.mesavet.com/library/potbellied.htm) Cyc Browser Create Module CycBrowserCreateModule CycBrowserNounLearnerModule Cyc Browser Noun Learner Module TextualPCW textual pcw A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PropositionalConceptualWork" class="cyc_term">PropositionalConceptualWork</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TextualPCW" class="cyc_term">TextualPCW</a> is an abstract work whose propositional content is expressed, at least in substantial part, in text. Positive examples include instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Novel_CW" class="cyc_term">Novel_CW</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Article_PCW" class="cyc_term">Article_PCW</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Resume" class="cyc_term">Resume</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/RestaurantMenu" class="cyc_term">RestaurantMenu</a>. Negative examples include episodes of an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TVShow_CW" class="cyc_term">TVShow_CW</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TextualPCW" class="cyc_term">TextualPCW</a>s may include non-textual components which expand on or otherwise contribute to the propositional content of the work, but the propositional content of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TextualPCW" class="cyc_term">TextualPCW</a> could, alternatively, be expressed entirely in text. type of object The collection of all collections that are "object-like" in at least one respect. A collection <code>COL</code> is object-like just in case there is some sense of 'part' according to which any (or nearly any) given proper part of an instance of <code>COL</code> is not itself an instance of <code>COL</code>; when this happens <code>COL</code> is said to be object-like with respect to that sense of 'part'. More precisely, for a collection <code>COL</code> to be an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ObjectType" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a> it is sufficient that there be some specialization <code>PARTPRED</code> of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/properParts" class="cyc_term">properParts</a> such that, for any <code>OBJ1</code> and <code>OBJ2</code>, if <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/isa" class="cyc_term">isa</a> OBJ1 COL)</code> and <code>(PARTPRED OBJ1 OBJ2)</code> both hold, then <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/isa" class="cyc_term">isa</a> OBJ2 COL)</code> does not hold. (Also sufficient for <code>COL</code>'s being an object-type is that there be some specialization <code>INVPARTPRED</code> of the inverse of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/properParts" class="cyc_term">properParts</a> (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/genlInverse" class="cyc_term">genlInverse</a>) such that <code>(INVPARTPRED OBJ2 OBJ1)</code>, with everything else remaining the same as above.) Note that neither of the above sufficient conditions for <code>COL</code>'s being an object-type is strictly necessary: some exceptions are allowed. Thus as long as either one of the above conditionals holds in nearly all cases, <code>COL</code> should be considered an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ObjectType" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a>. Here are two examples. Consider <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Automobile" class="cyc_term">Automobile</a>. Take an instance of that, say my car. Now consider one of the proper <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/physicalParts" class="cyc_term">physicalParts</a> of my car, say the steering wheel. The steering wheel is not an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Automobile" class="cyc_term">Automobile</a>. And the same would be true for any proper physical part of any car. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Automobile" class="cyc_term">Automobile</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ObjectType" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a>. Consider <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CalendarYear" class="cyc_term">CalendarYear</a>. No proper <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/timeSlices" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a> of a year is itself a year. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CalendarYear" class="cyc_term">CalendarYear</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ObjectType" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a>. See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/StuffType" class="cyc_term">StuffType</a> for the contrasting (though not disjoint) notion of being stuff-like. ObjectType The collection of all instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ConceptualWork" class="cyc_term">ConceptualWork</a> that are associated with a particular <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/AbstractStructure" class="cyc_term">AbstractStructure</a>. For example, the original version of Alice In Wonderland, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/StructurallySpecificWork" class="cyc_term">StructurallySpecificWork</a>, contains a specific text, as well as a particular set of illustrations, which together comprise the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/AbstractStructure" class="cyc_term">AbstractStructure</a> of that instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/StructurallySpecificWork" class="cyc_term">StructurallySpecificWork</a>. See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/containsStructure_CW" class="cyc_term">containsStructure_CW</a>. StructurallySpecificWork structurally specific work TextuallySpecificWork textually specific work A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/LiteraryWork_CW" class="cyc_term">LiteraryWork_CW</a> with which a single complete text can be associated (via <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TextOfTextuallySpecificWorkFn" class="cyc_term">TextOfTextuallySpecificWorkFn</a>). This is not generally true of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/LiteraryWork_CW" class="cyc_term">LiteraryWork_CW</a>, such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/MobyDickNovel" class="cyc_term">MobyDickNovel</a> (a work which has no specific text associated with it -- see the comment on <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/LiteraryWork_CW" class="cyc_term">LiteraryWork_CW</a>). TextuallySpecificWork textually specific work A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/LiteraryWork_CW" class="cyc_term">LiteraryWork_CW</a> with which a single complete text can be associated (via <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TextOfTextuallySpecificWorkFn" class="cyc_term">TextOfTextuallySpecificWorkFn</a>). This is not generally true of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/LiteraryWork_CW" class="cyc_term">LiteraryWork_CW</a>, such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/MobyDickNovel" class="cyc_term">MobyDickNovel</a> (a work which has no specific text associated with it -- see the comment on <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/LiteraryWork_CW" class="cyc_term">LiteraryWork_CW</a>). TextuallySpecificWork textually specific work A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/LiteraryWork_CW" class="cyc_term">LiteraryWork_CW</a> with which a single complete text can be associated (via <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TextOfTextuallySpecificWorkFn" class="cyc_term">TextOfTextuallySpecificWorkFn</a>). This is not generally true of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/LiteraryWork_CW" class="cyc_term">LiteraryWork_CW</a>, such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/MobyDickNovel" class="cyc_term">MobyDickNovel</a> (a work which has no specific text associated with it -- see the comment on <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/LiteraryWork_CW" class="cyc_term">LiteraryWork_CW</a>). prettyString (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/prettyString" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/prettyString" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. Pretty String