]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. Mx4rvVi1S5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/actorPartsAffected" class="cyc_term">actorPartsAffected</a> ACT PART) means that PART is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> in ACT, and it is one of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/anatomicalParts" class="cyc_term">anatomicalParts</a> of the organism which is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/bodilyActedOn" class="cyc_term">bodilyActedOn</a> in ACT. For example, during a man's morning shave, his <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Beard" class="cyc_term">Beard</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/actorPartsAffected" class="cyc_term">actorPartsAffected</a>, but the hand with which he shaves is not, because his beard is changed, but his hand is not changed (`acted on') in any significant way. Actor Parts Affected actorPartsAffected (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/infectionAffectsPart" class="cyc_term">infectionAffectsPart</a> INFECTION PART) means that the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/AnimalBodyPart" class="cyc_term">AnimalBodyPart</a> of the host affected by the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Infection" class="cyc_term">Infection</a> INFECTION is PART. infection site infectionAffectsPart Actions-Topic A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CycVocabularyTopic" class="cyc_term">CycVocabularyTopic</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/KBDependentCollection" class="cyc_term">KBDependentCollection</a>. actions-topic A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/AnimalBodyRegion" class="cyc_term">AnimalBodyRegion</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/AnimalBodyPart" class="cyc_term">AnimalBodyPart</a> is an anatomical part of some living animal, and thus is itself an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/BiologicalLivingObject" class="cyc_term">BiologicalLivingObject</a> (q.v). <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/AnimalBodyPart" class="cyc_term">AnimalBodyPart</a> includes both highly localized organs (for example, hearts) and physical systems composed of parts distributed throughout an animal's body (such as an animal's circulatory system and nervous system). Note that severed limbs and removed organs are _not_ instances of this collection, since they are not _parts_ of some living animal. body part AnimalBodyPart (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/actorPartsAffected" class="cyc_term">actorPartsAffected</a> ACT PART) means that PART is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> in ACT, and it is one of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/anatomicalParts" class="cyc_term">anatomicalParts</a> of the organism which is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/bodilyActedOn" class="cyc_term">bodilyActedOn</a> in ACT. For example, during a man's morning shave, his <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Beard" class="cyc_term">Beard</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/actorPartsAffected" class="cyc_term">actorPartsAffected</a>, but the hand with which he shaves is not, because his beard is changed, but his hand is not changed (`acted on') in any significant way. Actor Parts Affected actorPartsAffected (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/actorPartsAffected" class="cyc_term">actorPartsAffected</a> ACT PART) means that PART is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> in ACT, and it is one of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/anatomicalParts" class="cyc_term">anatomicalParts</a> of the organism which is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/bodilyActedOn" class="cyc_term">bodilyActedOn</a> in ACT. For example, during a man's morning shave, his <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Beard" class="cyc_term">Beard</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/actorPartsAffected" class="cyc_term">actorPartsAffected</a>, but the hand with which he shaves is not, because his beard is changed, but his hand is not changed (`acted on') in any significant way. Actor Parts Affected actorPartsAffected A collection of binary predicates; a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Role" class="cyc_term">Role</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> relates some instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Event" class="cyc_term">Event</a> to a temporal thing involved in that event (here called a &quot;participant&quot;, although the thing in question might not be playing an active role in the event). The first argument of every instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> is constrained to be an instance of some specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Event" class="cyc_term">Event</a>, and the second argument is constrained to be an instance of some specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/SomethingExisting" class="cyc_term">SomethingExisting</a>. <p/> All instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> have <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/actors" class="cyc_term">actors</a> as their <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/genlPreds" class="cyc_term">genlPreds</a>, directly or indirectly, so that the actor slots form a kind of hierarchy. Each specialized actor slot indicates <i>how</i> its participant participates in the event, i.e., in what role (e.g., <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/inputs" class="cyc_term">inputs</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/outputs" class="cyc_term">outputs</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/doneBy" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a>). <p/> Actor slots are <i>not</i> used to indicate the time of an event's occurrence, external representations of the event, and other more remotely related things that are not directly or indirectly &quot;involved&quot; in the occurrence of the event. Time and other quantities are relevant to events but are not instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/SomethingExisting" class="cyc_term">SomethingExisting</a>; thus, they are related to events by some non-<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> predicate. <p/> Things which are remotely related to the event -- for instance, someone who is affected by the event but doesn't exist when the event occurs -- may be related using some instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Role" class="cyc_term">Role</a> that does not belong to <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a>, such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/affectedAgent" class="cyc_term">affectedAgent</a>. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Role" class="cyc_term">Role</a>. ActorSlot predicate describing actors in events (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/actorPartsAffected" class="cyc_term">actorPartsAffected</a> ACT PART) means that PART is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> in ACT, and it is one of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/anatomicalParts" class="cyc_term">anatomicalParts</a> of the organism which is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/bodilyActedOn" class="cyc_term">bodilyActedOn</a> in ACT. For example, during a man's morning shave, his <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Beard" class="cyc_term">Beard</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/actorPartsAffected" class="cyc_term">actorPartsAffected</a>, but the hand with which he shaves is not, because his beard is changed, but his hand is not changed (`acted on') in any significant way. Actor Parts Affected actorPartsAffected Event event An important specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Situation" class="cyc_term">Situation</a> and thus also of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IntangibleIndividual" class="cyc_term">IntangibleIndividual</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TemporallyExistingThing" class="cyc_term">TemporallyExistingThing</a> (qq.v). Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Event" class="cyc_term">Event</a> is a dynamic situation in which the state of the world changes; each instance is something one would say &quot;happens&quot;. Events are intangible because they are changes <i>per se</i>, not tangible objects that effect and undergo changes. <p/> Notable specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Event" class="cyc_term">Event</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Event_Localized" class="cyc_term">Event_Localized</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PhysicalEvent" class="cyc_term">PhysicalEvent</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Action" class="cyc_term">Action</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/GeneralizedTransfer" class="cyc_term">GeneralizedTransfer</a>. <p/> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Event" class="cyc_term">Event</a>s should not be confused with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TimeInterval" class="cyc_term">TimeInterval</a>s (q.v.). The temporal bounds of events are delineated by time intervals, but in contrast to many events time intervals have no spatial location or extent.