]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. Mx4rQ9dkLFWAQdeQE7cXOq70Qg An <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> and a specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/animateActors" class="cyc_term">animateActors</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/doneBy" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a> (qq.v.). (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/animateDoer" class="cyc_term">animateDoer</a> ACT DOER) means that ACT is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Action" class="cyc_term">Action</a> that is "done by" DOER, and DOER is alive during ACT. An important specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/animateDoer" class="cyc_term">animateDoer</a> is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/bodilyDoer" class="cyc_term">bodilyDoer</a>. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/AnimateActivity" class="cyc_term">AnimateActivity</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/animateActedOn" class="cyc_term">animateActedOn</a>. animateDoer Animate Doer runner ran '(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ran" class="cyc_term">ran</a> RUN RUNNER)' means that RUNNER is the running animal in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Running" class="cyc_term">Running</a> RUN. cast member A predicate linking a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/DramaticPerformance" class="cyc_term">DramaticPerformance</a> to its cast members. (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/castMembers" class="cyc_term">castMembers</a> SHOW ACTOR) means that ACTOR acted in SHOW. castMembers home buyer homeBuyer An <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> and (typed) specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/buyer" class="cyc_term">buyer</a>. Where BUYING is an instance of (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/BuyingFn" class="cyc_term">BuyingFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/HumanResidence" class="cyc_term">HumanResidence</a>) and BUYER is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/HumanAdult" class="cyc_term">HumanAdult</a>, (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/homeBuyer" class="cyc_term">homeBuyer</a> BUYING BUYER) means that BUYER is a buyer in BUYING. issue of a military order (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/issuerOfOrder_Military" class="cyc_term">issuerOfOrder_Military</a> ORDERING PERSON) means that PERSON is the author and issuing authority in ORDERING. In such a case, it is assumed that ORDERING will have as an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/outputsCreated" class="cyc_term">outputsCreated</a> an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/MilitaryOrder_IBO" class="cyc_term">MilitaryOrder_IBO</a> of which the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/issuerOfOrder_Military" class="cyc_term">issuerOfOrder_Military</a> will be the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/informationArtifactAuthor" class="cyc_term">informationArtifactAuthor</a>. issuerOfOrder-Military premeditatedMurderer Premeditated Murderer '(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/premeditatedMurderer" class="cyc_term">premeditatedMurderer</a> MURDER KILLER)' means that KILLER is the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/perpetrator" class="cyc_term">perpetrator</a> of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PremeditatedMurder" class="cyc_term">PremeditatedMurder</a> MURDER. (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/driverActor" class="cyc_term">driverActor</a> DRIVE DRIVER) means that the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Person" class="cyc_term">Person</a> DRIVER controls (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ControllingATransportationDevice" class="cyc_term">ControllingATransportationDevice</a>) the transporter (related to DRIVE by the predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/transporter" class="cyc_term">transporter</a> (q.v.)) in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TransportInvolvingADriver" class="cyc_term">TransportInvolvingADriver</a> DRIVE. driver driverActor (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/interviewer" class="cyc_term">interviewer</a> INTERVIEW AGT) means that the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Agent_PartiallyTangible" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a> AGT is an interviewer in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Interviewing" class="cyc_term">Interviewing</a> event INTERVIEW. interviewer interviewer (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/locusOfCellularProcess_Cell" class="cyc_term">locusOfCellularProcess_Cell</a> PROCESS CELL) says that CELL is the instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Cell" class="cyc_term">Cell</a> that plays the role of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/doneBy" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/eventOccursAt" class="cyc_term">eventOccursAt</a> in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/BiologicalProcess_CellularLevel" class="cyc_term">BiologicalProcess_CellularLevel</a> PROCESS. cellular process location locusOfCellularProcess-Cell An <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> and a specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/animateActors" class="cyc_term">animateActors</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/doneBy" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a> (qq.v.). (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/animateDoer" class="cyc_term">animateDoer</a> ACT DOER) means that ACT is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Action" class="cyc_term">Action</a> that is "done by" DOER, and DOER is alive during ACT. An important specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/animateDoer" class="cyc_term">animateDoer</a> is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/bodilyDoer" class="cyc_term">bodilyDoer</a>. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/AnimateActivity" class="cyc_term">AnimateActivity</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/animateActedOn" class="cyc_term">animateActedOn</a>. animateDoer Animate Doer An <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> and a specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/animateActors" class="cyc_term">animateActors</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/doneBy" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a> (qq.v.). (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/animateDoer" class="cyc_term">animateDoer</a> ACT DOER) means that ACT is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Action" class="cyc_term">Action</a> that is "done by" DOER, and DOER is alive during ACT. An important specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/animateDoer" class="cyc_term">animateDoer</a> is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/bodilyDoer" class="cyc_term">bodilyDoer</a>. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/AnimateActivity" class="cyc_term">AnimateActivity</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/animateActedOn" class="cyc_term">animateActedOn</a>. animateDoer Animate Doer A collection of binary predicates; a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Role" class="cyc_term">Role</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> relates some instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Event" class="cyc_term">Event</a> to a temporal thing involved in that event (here called a "participant", although the thing in question might not be playing an active role in the event). The first argument of every instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> is constrained to be an instance of some specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Event" class="cyc_term">Event</a>, and the second argument is constrained to be an instance of some specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/SomethingExisting" class="cyc_term">SomethingExisting</a>. All instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> have <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/actors" class="cyc_term">actors</a> as their <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/genlPreds" class="cyc_term">genlPreds</a>, directly or indirectly, so that the actor slots form a kind of hierarchy. Each specialized actor slot indicates how its participant participates in the event, i.e., in what role (e.g., <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/inputs" class="cyc_term">inputs</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/outputs" class="cyc_term">outputs</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/doneBy" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a>). Actor slots are not used to indicate the time of an event's occurrence, external representations of the event, and other more remotely related things that are not directly or indirectly "involved" in the occurrence of the event. Time and other quantities are relevant to events but are not instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/SomethingExisting" class="cyc_term">SomethingExisting</a>; thus, they are related to events by some non-<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> predicate. Things which are remotely related to the event -- for instance, someone who is affected by the event but doesn't exist when the event occurs -- may be related using some instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Role" class="cyc_term">Role</a> that does not belong to <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a>, such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/affectedAgent" class="cyc_term">affectedAgent</a>. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Role" class="cyc_term">Role</a>. ActorSlot predicate describing actors in events BiologicalLivingObject The collection of all structures that are composed of one or more living cells (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Cell" class="cyc_term">Cell</a>). Biological living objects (or "BLO"s) might either be instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Organism_Whole" class="cyc_term">Organism_Whole</a> (like dogs or pine trees) or components of such whole living organisms (like noses, tails, and pine needles). The healthy leg of a living person is a BLO (as is the person), but an amputated leg is not a BLO. Almost every instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/BiologicalLivingObject" class="cyc_term">BiologicalLivingObject</a> is either capable of biological reproduction itself or has components which are capable of biological reproduction (such as the cells in a living arm). Red blood cells are abnormal instances of BLO in that they cannot reproduce. living thing An <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> and a specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/animateActors" class="cyc_term">animateActors</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/doneBy" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a> (qq.v.). (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/animateDoer" class="cyc_term">animateDoer</a> ACT DOER) means that ACT is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Action" class="cyc_term">Action</a> that is "done by" DOER, and DOER is alive during ACT. An important specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/animateDoer" class="cyc_term">animateDoer</a> is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/bodilyDoer" class="cyc_term">bodilyDoer</a>. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/AnimateActivity" class="cyc_term">AnimateActivity</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/animateActedOn" class="cyc_term">animateActedOn</a>. animateDoer Animate Doer The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Event" class="cyc_term">Event</a>s (q.v.) that are carried out by some "doer" (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/doneBy" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a>). Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Action" class="cyc_term">Action</a> include any event in which one or more actors effect some change in the (tangible or intangible) state of the world, typically by an expenditure of effort or energy. Note that it is not required that any tangible object be moved, changed, produced, or destroyed for an action to occur; the effects of an action might be intangible (such as a change in a bank balance or the intimidation of a subordinate). Note also that the doer of an action, though typically an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Agent_PartiallyTangible" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a> (q.v.), need not be (e.g. a falling rock that dents a car's roof). Depending upon the context, doers of actions might be animate or inanimate, conscious or nonconscious. For actions that are intentional, see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PurposefulAction" class="cyc_term">PurposefulAction</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/performedBy" class="cyc_term">performedBy</a>. action Action