]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. doer doneBy Mx4rwP1HmJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA A very general <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> predicate that relates events to the things that "do" them. <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/doneBy" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a> EVENT DOER)</code> means that <code>DOER</code> is a "doer" in the event <code>EVENT</code>: some activity on the part of <code>DOER</code> causes or carries out <code>EVENT</code>. This predicate is agnostic as to whether <code>DOER</code> does <code>EVENT</code> intentionally or not. Note that <code>DOER</code> need not even be animate or an agent; e.g. the famous vocanic eruption that buried Pompeii was <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/doneBy" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a> Mt. Vesuvius. Note also that an event might have more than one doer; consider a chess game. See the specializations <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/performedBy" class="cyc_term">performedBy</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/bodilyDoer" class="cyc_term">bodilyDoer</a> for cases in which the "doer" is, respectively, an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Agent_Generic" class="cyc_term">Agent_Generic</a> acting deliberately and an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Organism_Whole" class="cyc_term">Organism_Whole</a> behaving non-deliberately. doers (PresentTenseVersionFn doneBy) Present Tense Version Fn doer infecting organism <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/infectingPathogen" class="cyc_term">infectingPathogen</a> INFECTING PATHOGEN)</code> means that the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/MicroorganismMob" class="cyc_term">MicroorganismMob</a> <code>PATHOGEN</code> is transmitted from the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/infectingSource" class="cyc_term">infectingSource</a> in an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InfectingEvent" class="cyc_term">InfectingEvent</a> to the newly infected host, which is the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/infectingActsOn" class="cyc_term">infectingActsOn</a> in the <code>INFECTING</code>. infectingPathogen Travels (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/travels" class="cyc_term">travels</a> TRIP TRAVELLER) means that where TRIP is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Travel_TripEvent" class="cyc_term">Travel_TripEvent</a>, TRAVELLER is the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/primaryObjectMoving" class="cyc_term">primaryObjectMoving</a> in TRIP, and such that there is at least one TRANSPORT occurring as a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/subEvents" class="cyc_term">subEvents</a> of TRIP in which TRAVELLER is the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/transportees" class="cyc_term">transportees</a>. It also implies that TRAVELLER is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Traveller" class="cyc_term">Traveller</a> for the duration of TRIP. travels An <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> and a specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/animateActors" class="cyc_term">animateActors</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/doneBy" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a> (qq.v.). (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/animateDoer" class="cyc_term">animateDoer</a> ACT DOER) means that ACT is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Action" class="cyc_term">Action</a> that is "done by" DOER, and DOER is alive during ACT. An important specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/animateDoer" class="cyc_term">animateDoer</a> is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/bodilyDoer" class="cyc_term">bodilyDoer</a>. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/AnimateActivity" class="cyc_term">AnimateActivity</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/animateActedOn" class="cyc_term">animateActedOn</a>. animateDoer Animate Doer captor captor ARG2 is the agent which is acting as the captor in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/HeldCaptive" class="cyc_term">HeldCaptive</a> configuration, ARG1. bodilyDoer An <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/animateDoer" class="cyc_term">animateDoer</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/nonDeliberateActors" class="cyc_term">nonDeliberateActors</a> (qq.v.). The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/bodilyDoer" class="cyc_term">bodilyDoer</a> relates a given physical event to any organism that is a non-deliberate "doer" of the event (i.e. the organism acts without conscious intention or volition). (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/bodilyDoer" class="cyc_term">bodilyDoer</a> EVENT DOER) means that DOER does EVENT (which entails that DOER is not merely subjected to EVENT by external forces), but does it non-deliberately. Note that for certain kinds of actions (e.g. physical growth, peristalsis, and reflex actions) organisms are always merely <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/bodilyDoer" class="cyc_term">bodilyDoer</a>s; for certain other actions (e.g. breathing, flinching, and shouting) an organism commonly acts as a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/bodilyDoer" class="cyc_term">bodilyDoer</a>, but sometimes acts instead as a deliberate performer (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/performedBy" class="cyc_term">performedBy</a>). Note also that an organism that dies of natural causes is the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/bodilyDoer" class="cyc_term">bodilyDoer</a> of that event, because of the internal processes the body does during its <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Dying" class="cyc_term">Dying</a>. And in certain <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PhysiologicalCondition" class="cyc_term">PhysiologicalCondition</a>s, including an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/AilmentCondition" class="cyc_term">AilmentCondition</a> (e.g. diabetes) or a healing process, organisms are considered to be <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/bodilyDoer" class="cyc_term">bodilyDoer</a>s because their own bodily processes are creating or sustaining those conditions. An organism killed by an external agent, however, is just a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/bodilyActedOn" class="cyc_term">bodilyActedOn</a> (q.v.) actor in that event; thus instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/KillingByOrganism" class="cyc_term">KillingByOrganism</a> should use <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/bodilyActedOn" class="cyc_term">bodilyActedOn</a> to describe the organism killed. bodily doer An <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/AgentiveRole" class="cyc_term">AgentiveRole</a> (q.v.) predicate that relates an action (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Action" class="cyc_term">Action</a>) to an agent (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Agent_PartiallyTangible" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a>) who performs it deliberately, i.e. intentionally and volitionally. <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/performedBy" class="cyc_term">performedBy</a> ACT DOER)</code> means that <code>DOER</code> deliberately does <code>ACT</code>. For example, (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/performedBy" class="cyc_term">performedBy</a> #$AssassinationOfPresidentLincoln <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/JohnWilkesBooth" class="cyc_term">JohnWilkesBooth</a>) holds. Note that an action can have multiple deliberate performers. See also the generalizations <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/deliberateActors" class="cyc_term">deliberateActors</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/doneBy" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a>. performer performedBy Preventative preventative deathOf An <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> and specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/inputsDestroyed" class="cyc_term">inputsDestroyed</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/doneBy" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a> that relates a given living thing (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/BiologicalLivingObject" class="cyc_term">BiologicalLivingObject</a>) to the event of its death (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/DyingOfBLO" class="cyc_term">DyingOfBLO</a>). (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/deathOf" class="cyc_term">deathOf</a> DEATH BLO) means that DEATH is the event of BLO's dying. Death Of program copy of transfer programCopyOfTransfer (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/programCopyOfTransfer" class="cyc_term">programCopyOfTransfer</a> TRANSFER COPY) means that in the instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InformationTransferEvent" class="cyc_term">InformationTransferEvent</a>, TRANSFER, the instance COPY of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ComputerProgramCopy" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgramCopy</a> transfers information. This predicate would be used to assert, e.g., that a particular instantiation of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Pine_TheProgram" class="cyc_term">Pine_TheProgram</a> was used in a particular instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/EMailSending" class="cyc_term">EMailSending</a>. (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/locusOfCellularProcess_Cell" class="cyc_term">locusOfCellularProcess_Cell</a> PROCESS CELL) says that CELL is the instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Cell" class="cyc_term">Cell</a> that plays the role of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/doneBy" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/eventOccursAt" class="cyc_term">eventOccursAt</a> in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/BiologicalProcess_CellularLevel" class="cyc_term">BiologicalProcess_CellularLevel</a> PROCESS. cellular process location locusOfCellularProcess-Cell doer doneBy A very general <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> predicate that relates events to the things that "do" them. <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/doneBy" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a> EVENT DOER)</code> means that <code>DOER</code> is a "doer" in the event <code>EVENT</code>: some activity on the part of <code>DOER</code> causes or carries out <code>EVENT</code>. This predicate is agnostic as to whether <code>DOER</code> does <code>EVENT</code> intentionally or not. Note that <code>DOER</code> need not even be animate or an agent; e.g. the famous vocanic eruption that buried Pompeii was <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/doneBy" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a> Mt. Vesuvius. Note also that an event might have more than one doer; consider a chess game. See the specializations <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/performedBy" class="cyc_term">performedBy</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/bodilyDoer" class="cyc_term">bodilyDoer</a> for cases in which the "doer" is, respectively, an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Agent_Generic" class="cyc_term">Agent_Generic</a> acting deliberately and an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Organism_Whole" class="cyc_term">Organism_Whole</a> behaving non-deliberately. Actions-Topic A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CycVocabularyTopic" class="cyc_term">CycVocabularyTopic</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/KBDependentCollection" class="cyc_term">KBDependentCollection</a>. actions-topic EventPerformerPredicate event performer predicate A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PredicateType" class="cyc_term">PredicateType</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/EventPerformerPredicate" class="cyc_term">EventPerformerPredicate</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Predicate" class="cyc_term">Predicate</a> that, when applied to an admissible tuple of arguments, expresses a fact about who performed (or played a similar role, e.g. planner or directing agent, in) one of those arguments. the event or role domain A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ConceptTypeByDomain" class="cyc_term">ConceptTypeByDomain</a> (q.v.). Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/EventOrRoleConcept" class="cyc_term">EventOrRoleConcept</a> are collections and relations having to do with general kinds of events and the roles that things can play in them. Major specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Event" class="cyc_term">Event</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Role" class="cyc_term">Role</a>, and other relations used for stating significant facts about events (such as time, place, causes, and effects) are instances of this collection. EventOrRoleConcept doer doneBy A very general <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> predicate that relates events to the things that "do" them. <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/doneBy" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a> EVENT DOER)</code> means that <code>DOER</code> is a "doer" in the event <code>EVENT</code>: some activity on the part of <code>DOER</code> causes or carries out <code>EVENT</code>. This predicate is agnostic as to whether <code>DOER</code> does <code>EVENT</code> intentionally or not. Note that <code>DOER</code> need not even be animate or an agent; e.g. the famous vocanic eruption that buried Pompeii was <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/doneBy" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a> Mt. Vesuvius. Note also that an event might have more than one doer; consider a chess game. See the specializations <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/performedBy" class="cyc_term">performedBy</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/bodilyDoer" class="cyc_term">bodilyDoer</a> for cases in which the "doer" is, respectively, an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Agent_Generic" class="cyc_term">Agent_Generic</a> acting deliberately and an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Organism_Whole" class="cyc_term">Organism_Whole</a> behaving non-deliberately. relational noun slot The collection of binary predicates that describe a specified relation of an animal, group of animals (usually human animals), or an organization to another animal (also usually a human animal). These relations can be summed up by common nouns such as 'mother' or 'boss' or 'neighbor'. This class of predicates exists to facilitate parsing of sentences with forms such as 'X has a Y' or 'does X have a Y?' where Y is one of these relational nouns. RelationalNounSlot A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TemporallyExistingThing" class="cyc_term">TemporallyExistingThing</a> whose instances are more or less static, as compared (e.g.) to the more dynamic instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Event" class="cyc_term">Event</a>. The clearest examples of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/SomethingExisting" class="cyc_term">SomethingExisting</a>s are tangible things, such as people, lakes, stars, and the Earth's ionosphere. But <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/SomethingExisting" class="cyc_term">SomethingExisting</a> also includes certain intangible temporal things, such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Agreement" class="cyc_term">Agreement</a>s and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Obligation" class="cyc_term">Obligation</a>s, that remain relatively stable throughout their lifetimes. On the other hand, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/SomethingExisting" class="cyc_term">SomethingExisting</a> excludes "purely temporal" intangibles such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TimeInterval" class="cyc_term">TimeInterval</a>s. SomethingExisting thing existing stably in time A collection of binary predicates; a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Role" class="cyc_term">Role</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> relates some instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Event" class="cyc_term">Event</a> to a temporal thing involved in that event (here called a "participant", although the thing in question might not be playing an active role in the event). The first argument of every instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> is constrained to be an instance of some specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Event" class="cyc_term">Event</a>, and the second argument is constrained to be an instance of some specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/SomethingExisting" class="cyc_term">SomethingExisting</a>. All instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> have <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/actors" class="cyc_term">actors</a> as their <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/genlPreds" class="cyc_term">genlPreds</a>, directly or indirectly, so that the actor slots form a kind of hierarchy. Each specialized actor slot indicates how its participant participates in the event, i.e., in what role (e.g., <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/inputs" class="cyc_term">inputs</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/outputs" class="cyc_term">outputs</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/doneBy" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a>). Actor slots are not used to indicate the time of an event's occurrence, external representations of the event, and other more remotely related things that are not directly or indirectly "involved" in the occurrence of the event. Time and other quantities are relevant to events but are not instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/SomethingExisting" class="cyc_term">SomethingExisting</a>; thus, they are related to events by some non-<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> predicate. Things which are remotely related to the event -- for instance, someone who is affected by the event but doesn't exist when the event occurs -- may be related using some instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Role" class="cyc_term">Role</a> that does not belong to <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a>, such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/affectedAgent" class="cyc_term">affectedAgent</a>. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Role" class="cyc_term">Role</a>. ActorSlot predicate describing actors in events Event event An important specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Situation" class="cyc_term">Situation</a> and thus also of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IntangibleIndividual" class="cyc_term">IntangibleIndividual</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TemporallyExistingThing" class="cyc_term">TemporallyExistingThing</a> (qq.v). Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Event" class="cyc_term">Event</a> is a dynamic situation in which the state of the world changes; each instance is something one would say "happens". Events are intangible because they are changes per se, not tangible objects that effect and undergo changes. Notable specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Event" class="cyc_term">Event</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Event_Localized" class="cyc_term">Event_Localized</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PhysicalEvent" class="cyc_term">PhysicalEvent</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Action" class="cyc_term">Action</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/GeneralizedTransfer" class="cyc_term">GeneralizedTransfer</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Event" class="cyc_term">Event</a>s should not be confused with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TimeInterval" class="cyc_term">TimeInterval</a>s (q.v.). The temporal bounds of events are delineated by time intervals, but in contrast to many events time intervals have no spatial location or extent. ActorSlotsConcernedWithAgencyOrInitiatingAnEvent-Actor-Topic actor slots concerned with agency or initiating an event actor topic doer doneBy A very general <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> predicate that relates events to the things that "do" them. <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/doneBy" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a> EVENT DOER)</code> means that <code>DOER</code> is a "doer" in the event <code>EVENT</code>: some activity on the part of <code>DOER</code> causes or carries out <code>EVENT</code>. This predicate is agnostic as to whether <code>DOER</code> does <code>EVENT</code> intentionally or not. Note that <code>DOER</code> need not even be animate or an agent; e.g. the famous vocanic eruption that buried Pompeii was <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/doneBy" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a> Mt. Vesuvius. Note also that an event might have more than one doer; consider a chess game. See the specializations <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/performedBy" class="cyc_term">performedBy</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/bodilyDoer" class="cyc_term">bodilyDoer</a> for cases in which the "doer" is, respectively, an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Agent_Generic" class="cyc_term">Agent_Generic</a> acting deliberately and an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Organism_Whole" class="cyc_term">Organism_Whole</a> behaving non-deliberately. prettyString (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/prettyString" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/prettyString" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. Pretty String