]> 2008/06/10 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2008 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. Mx4rvVi65pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA affected object objectActedOn The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> is used to relate an event to any object significantly affected in that event. The entity or entities in question must exist before the event, but may be either destroyed in the event (see the more specific predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/inputsDestroyed" class="cyc_term">inputsDestroyed</a>), or merely affected by it (for example, see the more specific predicates <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/damages" class="cyc_term">damages</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectOfStateChange" class="cyc_term">objectOfStateChange</a>). <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> EVENT OBJECT)</code> means that <code>OBJECT</code> is altered or affected in <code>EVENT</code>, and the change that <code>OBJECT</code> undergoes is central or focal to understanding <code>EVENT</code>. Thus, scissors are not an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> in a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/HairCuttingEvent" class="cyc_term">HairCuttingEvent</a>. The focal change in a haircut is hair getting shorter; thus, hair is a legitimate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> in a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/HairCuttingEvent" class="cyc_term">HairCuttingEvent</a>. The almost microscopic dulling that scissors undergo in a single haircut is a comparatively insignificant change with respect to a single haircut, considered as a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/HairCuttingEvent" class="cyc_term">HairCuttingEvent</a>. affected objects Items Stolen itemsStolen (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/itemsStolen" class="cyc_term">itemsStolen</a> THEFT ITEM) says that ITEM was stolen in THEFT, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Stealing" class="cyc_term">Stealing</a>. objectsSeparated Objects Separated An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> that relates an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/SeparationEvent" class="cyc_term">SeparationEvent</a> to each of the objects separated from one another in that event. objectPhysicallyCategorized Object Physically Categorized dangerousThingRenderedSafe Dangerous Thing Rendered Safe An <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> and a specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/thingHarmed" class="cyc_term">thingHarmed</a> (qq.v.). <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectHarmed" class="cyc_term">objectHarmed</a> EVENT OBJECT)</code> means that <code>OBJECT</code> has been harmed in <code>EVENT</code>. The harm to <code>OBJECT</code> might be in the form of damage (see the specialization <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/damages" class="cyc_term">damages</a>) or, if <code>OBJECT</code> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Agent_Generic" class="cyc_term">Agent_Generic</a>, the harm might consist in the interests or well-being of <code>OBJECT</code> being thwarted or blocked (see the specialization <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/maleficiary" class="cyc_term">maleficiary</a>). objectHarmed Object Harmed objectPassed thing passed by (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectPassed" class="cyc_term">objectPassed</a> EVENT LOC) means that in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PassingBySomething" class="cyc_term">PassingBySomething</a> event EVENT, the object being passed is LOC. In the case that the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectPassed" class="cyc_term">objectPassed</a> is also moving, the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectPassing" class="cyc_term">objectPassing</a> approaches the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectPassed" class="cyc_term">objectPassed</a> and eventually overtakes it. (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectAttacked" class="cyc_term">objectAttacked</a> ATTACK OBJECT) means that OBJECT is the target of an ATTACK event. object attacked objectAttacked Object Guarded objectGuarded propertyMortgaged <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/propertyMortgaged" class="cyc_term">propertyMortgaged</a> AGREEMENT PROP)</code> means that in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/EnteringIntoAMortgageAgreement" class="cyc_term">EnteringIntoAMortgageAgreement</a> <code>AGREEMENT</code>, the property that is mortgaged is <code>PROPERTY</code>. Property Mortgaged (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectProcessed" class="cyc_term">objectProcessed</a> EVT OBJ) says that OBJ is what gets processed in EVT, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ProcessingEvent" class="cyc_term">ProcessingEvent</a>. objectProcessed processed thing inhaled thing (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/stuffInhaled" class="cyc_term">stuffInhaled</a> INHALING STUFF) means that during INHALING, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Inhaling" class="cyc_term">Inhaling</a>, STUFF, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PartiallyTangible" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a>, is what is inhaled. stuffInhaled object detected (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/detectedObject" class="cyc_term">detectedObject</a> DETECTING OBJECT) means that in the instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/DetectingSomething" class="cyc_term">DetectingSomething</a> DETECTING, OBJECT was the thing detected. detectedObject transporterHijacked An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a>. Each <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Hijacking" class="cyc_term">Hijacking</a> has exactly one associated <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/SolidTangibleThing" class="cyc_term">SolidTangibleThing</a> that plays the role of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/transporterHijacked" class="cyc_term">transporterHijacked</a> in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Hijacking" class="cyc_term">Hijacking</a>. Transporter Hijacked stuffExhaled Stuff Exhaled (stuffExhaled EXHALE STUFF) means that during EXHALE, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Exhaling" class="cyc_term">Exhaling</a>, STUFF, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PartiallyTangible" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a>, is the stuff which leaves the lungs. objectTested <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectTested" class="cyc_term">objectTested</a> EVAL OBJ)</code> means that the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PartiallyTangible" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a> <code>OBJ</code> is an object tested in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Evaluating" class="cyc_term">Evaluating</a> <code>EVAL</code>. For example, the portion of blood used to run a blood test fills the role of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectTested" class="cyc_term">objectTested</a> in that test. thing tested introducedObject Introduced Object input An <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> that relates a given event to an object or material that is used in that event and thereby either "used up" (i.e. destroyed) or incorporated into another object. <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/inputs" class="cyc_term">inputs</a> EVENT OBJECT)</code> means that <code>OBJECT</code> is a pre-existing participant in (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/preActors" class="cyc_term">preActors</a>) the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/CreationOrDestructionEvent" class="cyc_term">CreationOrDestructionEvent</a> <code>EVENT</code> which, during and due to <code>EVENT</code>, is either destroyed (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/inputsDestroyed" class="cyc_term">inputsDestroyed</a>) or incorporated into a new entity (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/inputsCommitted" class="cyc_term">inputsCommitted</a>). For example, the pigments used to paint the Mona Lisa were <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/inputs" class="cyc_term">inputs</a> to Leonardo's painting process; however, his brushes were not <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/inputs" class="cyc_term">inputs</a>, even though they were changed a little by it. In general, in instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Manufacturing" class="cyc_term">Manufacturing</a>, materials or objects are inputs if they find their way into the product manufactured or if they are destroyed in the manufacturing process (e.g. the coke used in manufacturing steel). inputs infectingActsOn infection target (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/infectingActsOn" class="cyc_term">infectingActsOn</a> INFECTING OBJECT) means that as a result of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/InfectingEvent" class="cyc_term">InfectingEvent</a> INFECTING, the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Organism_Whole" class="cyc_term">Organism_Whole</a> OBJECT will carry the type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Infection" class="cyc_term">Infection</a> conveyed by INFECTING. mealServed (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/mealServed" class="cyc_term">mealServed</a> <code>HAVING-A-MEAL</code> <code>MEAL</code>) means that <code>MEAL</code> is the instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Meal" class="cyc_term">Meal</a> that is acted on during <code>HAVING-A-MEAL</code>. That is, <code>MEAL</code> is the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Meal" class="cyc_term">Meal</a> that is served or otherwise provided for consumption during <code>HAVING-A-MEAL</code>, and which is subsequently consumed during that event. Note that <code>MEAL</code> need not be completely consumed during <code>HAVING-A-MEAL</code> -- portions may remain to be finished later or discarded. Thus, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/mealServed" class="cyc_term">mealServed</a> is not a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/consumedObject" class="cyc_term">consumedObject</a>. Also, <code>MEAL</code> need not be served to the participants in <code>HAVING-A-MEAL</code> in the formal sense of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ServingFoodOrDrink" class="cyc_term">ServingFoodOrDrink</a>, since participants may fetch their own portion of <code>MEAL</code> themselves. Meal Served An <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> and specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> that relates a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PenetrationEvent" class="cyc_term">PenetrationEvent</a> to a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PartiallyTangible" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a>. <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectPenetrated" class="cyc_term">objectPenetrated</a> PENETRATION OBJ)</code> means that <code>OBJ</code> is penetrated in <code>PENETRATION</code>. Object Penetrated objectPenetrated (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectTakenCareOf" class="cyc_term">objectTakenCareOf</a> EVENT OBJ) means that the object OBJ is acted on in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TakingCareOfSomething" class="cyc_term">TakingCareOfSomething</a> event EVENT by some <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Agent_PartiallyTangible" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a> in order to maintain, preserve, or promote the health or good condition of OBJ. objectTakenCareOf object taken care of (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/securityCompromised" class="cyc_term">securityCompromised</a> BREACH OBJECT) means that in the instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/SecurityBreach" class="cyc_term">SecurityBreach</a>, BREACH, an object whose security is breached is OBJECT, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/SomethingExisting" class="cyc_term">SomethingExisting</a>. securityCompromised Security Compromised An <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/postActors" class="cyc_term">postActors</a> (q.v.). <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectOfStatusChange" class="cyc_term">objectOfStatusChange</a> EVENT OBJECT)</code> means that <code>OBJECT</code> undergoes some kind of change of conventional (i.e. social, legal, economic, historic, etc.) status in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ChangeOfStatusEvent" class="cyc_term">ChangeOfStatusEvent</a> <code>EVENT</code>. <code>OBJECT</code> exists before and after <code>EVENT</code>, and might or might not be directly involved in <code>EVENT</code>. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/topicOfStatusChange" class="cyc_term">topicOfStatusChange</a>. Note that a change of status is an extrinsic change. Cf. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectOfStateChange" class="cyc_term">objectOfStateChange</a>, which pertains to intrinsic changes (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IntrinsicStateChangeEvent" class="cyc_term">IntrinsicStateChangeEvent</a>). objectOfStatusChange Object Of Status Change (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/fileCopyModifiedInPlace" class="cyc_term">fileCopyModifiedInPlace</a> EVENT COPY) means that COPY is the ComputerProgramCopy modified in place in the event EVENT. The low-level properties of COPY like its size and location are not changed by EVENT. File Copy Modified In Place fileCopyModifiedInPlace (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/asIfTo" class="cyc_term">asIfTo</a> EVENT THING) means that THING is the object of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TreatingAsIfEvent" class="cyc_term">TreatingAsIfEvent</a> EVENT. For example, in the event <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/FredAsksSallyToHelpMove" class="cyc_term">FredAsksSallyToHelpMove</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Fred" class="cyc_term">Fred</a> is treating <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Sally" class="cyc_term">Sally</a> as if the proposition (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/friends" class="cyc_term">friends</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Fred" class="cyc_term">Fred</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Sally" class="cyc_term">Sally</a>) were true, so we could say (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/asIfTo" class="cyc_term">asIfTo</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/FredAsksSallyToHelpMove" class="cyc_term">FredAsksSallyToHelpMove</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Sally" class="cyc_term">Sally</a>). See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/asIfBy" class="cyc_term">asIfBy</a> and #$asIfDuringByTo. asIfTo As If To stuffAbsorbedThroughEye (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/stuffAbsorbedThroughEye" class="cyc_term">stuffAbsorbedThroughEye</a> ABSORB STUFF) means that during ABSORB, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/EyeAbsorption" class="cyc_term">EyeAbsorption</a>, STUFF, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PartiallyTangible" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a>, is what is absorbed through an eye. Stuff Absorbed Through Eye foreclosed property propertyForeclosed <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/propertyForeclosed" class="cyc_term">propertyForeclosed</a> FORECLOSING OBJ)</code> means that in the #$ForeclosingEvent <code>FORCECLOSING</code>, <code>OBJ</code> is the property forclosed. (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/mergees" class="cyc_term">mergees</a> MERGER ORG) holds just in case ORG is one of the organizations that was merged in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/OrganizationMerger" class="cyc_term">OrganizationMerger</a> MERGER. In some cases, ORG may no longer be an independent entity or, in extreme cases, may have ceased to exist as a result of the merger. Mergees mergees thing sent objectSent (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectSent" class="cyc_term">objectSent</a> SEND OBJECT) means that OBJECT, in an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PartiallyTangible" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a> was one of things sent in the action SEND, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/SendingSomething" class="cyc_term">SendingSomething</a>. For example, if SEND45 is an event in which a package of fruit is sent in the mail, this predicate would relate SEND45 to the whole parcel, to each piece of fruit in the parcel, and to the package in which the fruit is wrapped. object of state change The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectOfStateChange" class="cyc_term">objectOfStateChange</a> is used to identify an object undergoing a change of state in an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IntrinsicStateChangeEvent" class="cyc_term">IntrinsicStateChangeEvent</a>. (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectOfStateChange" class="cyc_term">objectOfStateChange</a> EVENT OBJECT) means that the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PartiallyTangible" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a> OBJECT undergoes some kind of intrinsic change of state (such as a change in one of its physical properties) in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IntrinsicStateChangeEvent" class="cyc_term">IntrinsicStateChangeEvent</a> EVENT. OBJECT exists before EVENT, is directly involved in EVENT, and persists after EVENT (accordingly, this predicate has as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/genlPreds" class="cyc_term">genlPreds</a> both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/preActors" class="cyc_term">preActors</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/postActors" class="cyc_term">postActors</a>). The change which OBJECT undergoes is internal or intrinsic; this predicate is not used for extrinsic changes, such as changes in location, orientation, ownership, or status. Note that if OBJECT were destroyed by EVENT and went out of existence in the course of EVENT, then the right predicate to use would be <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/inputsDestroyed" class="cyc_term">inputsDestroyed</a>, rather than <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectOfStateChange" class="cyc_term">objectOfStateChange</a>. objectOfStateChange Event Affects Organism Part (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/eventAffectsOrganismPart" class="cyc_term">eventAffectsOrganismPart</a> EVT PART) says that EVT affects <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/OrganismPart" class="cyc_term">OrganismPart</a> PART. For example, (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/eventAffectsOrganismPart" class="cyc_term">eventAffectsOrganismPart</a> ExposureToRadiation001 CellCluster001) says that CellCluster001 is affected by ExposureToRadiation001. This is a general predicate the use of which should usually be superceded in favor of its spec preds, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/situationAffectsBodyPart" class="cyc_term">situationAffectsBodyPart</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/eventAffectsPlantPart" class="cyc_term">eventAffectsPlantPart</a>. eventAffectsOrganismPart consumesPortion (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/consumesPortion" class="cyc_term">consumesPortion</a> EV OBJ) means that a portion of the object OBJ is used up (consumed) in the event EV. However, enough of OBJ remains at the end of EV for it to maintain its identity. Thus <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/consumesPortion" class="cyc_term">consumesPortion</a> would be appropriate for an apple that has a bite taken out of it in an eating event, but not for an apple that has been eaten to its core, since the latter is no longer an apple. thing partially consumed reinforcedUnit reinforced unit An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a>. (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/reinforcedUnit" class="cyc_term">reinforcedUnit</a> REINFORCE UNIT) says that the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ModernMilitaryUnit_Deployable" class="cyc_term">ModernMilitaryUnit_Deployable</a> is reinforced by the performer of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ReinforcingAMilitaryForce" class="cyc_term">ReinforcingAMilitaryForce</a> REINFORCE. This means that UNIT is the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/beneficiary" class="cyc_term">beneficiary</a>, the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/intendedBeneficiary" class="cyc_term">intendedBeneficiary</a>, and the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a>. organTransplanted Organ Transplanted <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/organTransplanted" class="cyc_term">organTransplanted</a> TRANSPLANT ORGAN)</code> means that in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TransplantSurgery" class="cyc_term">TransplantSurgery</a> event <code>TRANSPLANT</code>, the organ transplanted is <code>ORGAN</code>. focalRocketOfLaunchOperation Focal Rocket Of Launch Operation <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/focalRocketOfLaunchOperation" class="cyc_term">focalRocketOfLaunchOperation</a> LAUNCH-OP ROCKET)</code> means that <code>ROCKET</code> is the focal rocket involved in <code>LAUNCH-OP</code>. An <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> and a specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/animateActors" class="cyc_term">animateActors</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> (qq.v.). This predicate relates an event to any living things (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/BiologicalLivingObject" class="cyc_term">BiologicalLivingObject</a>) that are significantly affected in that event. (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/animateActedOn" class="cyc_term">animateActedOn</a> EVENT BLO) means that (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> EVENT BLO) and BLO is alive during EVENT. An important specialization of this predicate is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/bodilyActedOn" class="cyc_term">bodilyActedOn</a>. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/AnimateActivity" class="cyc_term">AnimateActivity</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/animateDoer" class="cyc_term">animateDoer</a>. Animate Acted On animateActedOn pullee thing pulled (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/pullee" class="cyc_term">pullee</a> PULL PULLEE) means that PULLEE is being pulled towards the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/puller" class="cyc_term">puller</a> in a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PullingAnObject" class="cyc_term">PullingAnObject</a> event, PULL. Neither PULLEE nor the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/puller" class="cyc_term">puller</a> move in a case of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PullingWithoutTranslation" class="cyc_term">PullingWithoutTranslation</a>. PULLEE moves towards the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/puller" class="cyc_term">puller</a> in cases of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PullingAnObjectAlong" class="cyc_term">PullingAnObjectAlong</a>. The <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/puller" class="cyc_term">puller</a> moves towards PULLEE in cases of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PullingOneselfTowards" class="cyc_term">PullingOneselfTowards</a>. transportees transportee The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/transportees" class="cyc_term">transportees</a> relates a translational motion event to the object(s) transported in that event. <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/transportees" class="cyc_term">transportees</a> MOVE OBJ)</code> means that some conveyance (see the predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/conveyor_Generic" class="cyc_term">conveyor_Generic</a>) transports <code>OBJ</code> in <code>MOVE</code>. The conveyance in question can either move along with <code>OBJ</code> in <code>MOVE</code> or remain stationary during <code>MOVE</code>. The conveyance in question is separate from <code>OBJ</code> (that is, <code>OBJ</code> is not a part of the conveyance). losesControl Loses Control <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/losesControl" class="cyc_term">losesControl</a> SIT AGENT)</code> means that in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TransferOfControl" class="cyc_term">TransferOfControl</a> <code>SIT</code>, <code>AGENT</code> is the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Agent_PartiallyTangible" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a> who loses or relinquishes control over the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectOfControlTransfer" class="cyc_term">objectOfControlTransfer</a>. objectRemoved (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectRemoved" class="cyc_term">objectRemoved</a> REMOVING OBJ) means OBJ is removed from its previous location in the removing event REMOVING. OBJ may be destroyed during REMOVING. REMOVING is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/performedBy" class="cyc_term">performedBy</a> some entity other than OBJ. object removed objectConfiguredDuring (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectConfiguredDuring" class="cyc_term">objectConfiguredDuring</a> EV OBJ) means that OBJ, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PartiallyTangible" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a>, is configured during EV, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ConfiguringEvent" class="cyc_term">ConfiguringEvent</a>. As a result of EV, a new configuration, CONF, will exist in which OBJ will play the role of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/configuredObjects" class="cyc_term">configuredObjects</a>. object configured Proposal Floated <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/proposalFloated" class="cyc_term">proposalFloated</a> MEET PROPOSAL)</code> means that during <code>MEET</code>, the proposal <code>PROPSAL</code> was offered for consideration. proposalFloated objectThrown (objectThrown THROW OBJ) means that OBJ, was one of the objects thrown in THROW, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ThrowingAnObject" class="cyc_term">ThrowingAnObject</a>. Object Thrown agentInfluenced Agent Influenced thing to which something is added (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectAddedTo" class="cyc_term">objectAddedTo</a> EVENT OBJ) says that OBJ is the instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PartiallyTangible" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a> to which a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/thingIncorporated" class="cyc_term">thingIncorporated</a> is added during EVENT, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Incorporation_Physical" class="cyc_term">Incorporation_Physical</a> objectAddedTo givee This predicate relates the recipient of a gift to the event in which s/he/it is given that gift. (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/givee" class="cyc_term">givee</a> GIVING AGENT) means that the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Agent_PartiallyTangible" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a> AGENT is the 'givee' in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/GivingSomething" class="cyc_term">GivingSomething</a> event GIVING. For the gift-giver, see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/giver" class="cyc_term">giver</a>. Givee (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/targetOfShooting" class="cyc_term">targetOfShooting</a> SHOOTING TARGET) means that TARGET is the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/target" class="cyc_term">target</a> and the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> in SHOOTING. That is, TARGET is the thing being successfully shot at. Note that the shooting need not be an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ConflictEvent" class="cyc_term">ConflictEvent</a>. TARGET could be just a target, as in those used in target practice. targetOfShooting target of shooting An <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> and specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/primaryObjectMoving" class="cyc_term">primaryObjectMoving</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a>. (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/deviceDerailed" class="cyc_term">deviceDerailed</a> DERAILING DEVICE) means that DEVICE is derailed in DERAILING. deviceDerailed device derailed The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn_Gradual" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn_Gradual</a> is used to relate an event to an entity acted on in a gradual (or incremental) way in that event. (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn_Gradual" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn_Gradual</a> EVENT GRADUAL-OBJECT) means that in each sub-event SUB-EVENT of EVENT, there is some part PART of GRADUAL-OBJECT such that (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> SUB-EVENT PART), and for each part PART of GRADUAL-OBJECT, there exists some SUB-EVENT of EVENT, such that (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> SUB-EVENT PART). thing affected gradually objectActedOn-Gradual (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/agentHired" class="cyc_term">agentHired</a> HIRING HIRED) means that HIRED is the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Person" class="cyc_term">Person</a> or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Organization" class="cyc_term">Organization</a> hired in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/MakingAnAgreement" class="cyc_term">MakingAnAgreement</a> HIRING. agentHired person hired thingIncorporated (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/thingIncorporated" class="cyc_term">thingIncorporated</a> EVT OBJ) says that OBJ is the instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PartiallyTangible" class="cyc_term">PartiallyTangible</a> that is added during EVT, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Incorporation_Physical" class="cyc_term">Incorporation_Physical</a>). thing incorporated into some other thing the event or role domain A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ConceptTypeByDomain" class="cyc_term">ConceptTypeByDomain</a> (q.v.). Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/EventOrRoleConcept" class="cyc_term">EventOrRoleConcept</a> are collections and relations having to do with general kinds of events and the roles that things can play in them. Major specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Event" class="cyc_term">Event</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Role" class="cyc_term">Role</a>, and other relations used for stating significant facts about events (such as time, place, causes, and effects) are instances of this collection. EventOrRoleConcept affected object objectActedOn The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> is used to relate an event to any object significantly affected in that event. The entity or entities in question must exist before the event, but may be either destroyed in the event (see the more specific predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/inputsDestroyed" class="cyc_term">inputsDestroyed</a>), or merely affected by it (for example, see the more specific predicates <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/damages" class="cyc_term">damages</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectOfStateChange" class="cyc_term">objectOfStateChange</a>). <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> EVENT OBJECT)</code> means that <code>OBJECT</code> is altered or affected in <code>EVENT</code>, and the change that <code>OBJECT</code> undergoes is central or focal to understanding <code>EVENT</code>. Thus, scissors are not an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> in a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/HairCuttingEvent" class="cyc_term">HairCuttingEvent</a>. The focal change in a haircut is hair getting shorter; thus, hair is a legitimate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> in a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/HairCuttingEvent" class="cyc_term">HairCuttingEvent</a>. The almost microscopic dulling that scissors undergo in a single haircut is a comparatively insignificant change with respect to a single haircut, considered as a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/HairCuttingEvent" class="cyc_term">HairCuttingEvent</a>. Predicates-Device-Topic predicates-device-topic affected object objectActedOn The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> is used to relate an event to any object significantly affected in that event. The entity or entities in question must exist before the event, but may be either destroyed in the event (see the more specific predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/inputsDestroyed" class="cyc_term">inputsDestroyed</a>), or merely affected by it (for example, see the more specific predicates <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/damages" class="cyc_term">damages</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectOfStateChange" class="cyc_term">objectOfStateChange</a>). <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> EVENT OBJECT)</code> means that <code>OBJECT</code> is altered or affected in <code>EVENT</code>, and the change that <code>OBJECT</code> undergoes is central or focal to understanding <code>EVENT</code>. Thus, scissors are not an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> in a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/HairCuttingEvent" class="cyc_term">HairCuttingEvent</a>. The focal change in a haircut is hair getting shorter; thus, hair is a legitimate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> in a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/HairCuttingEvent" class="cyc_term">HairCuttingEvent</a>. The almost microscopic dulling that scissors undergo in a single haircut is a comparatively insignificant change with respect to a single haircut, considered as a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/HairCuttingEvent" class="cyc_term">HairCuttingEvent</a>. relational noun slot The collection of binary predicates that describe a specified relation of an animal, group of animals (usually human animals), or an organization to another animal (also usually a human animal). These relations can be summed up by common nouns such as 'mother' or 'boss' or 'neighbor'. This class of predicates exists to facilitate parsing of sentences with forms such as 'X has a Y' or 'does X have a Y?' where Y is one of these relational nouns. RelationalNounSlot A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TemporallyExistingThing" class="cyc_term">TemporallyExistingThing</a> whose instances are more or less static, as compared (e.g.) to the more dynamic instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Event" class="cyc_term">Event</a>. The clearest examples of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/SomethingExisting" class="cyc_term">SomethingExisting</a>s are tangible things, such as people, lakes, stars, and the Earth's ionosphere. But <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/SomethingExisting" class="cyc_term">SomethingExisting</a> also includes certain intangible temporal things, such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Agreement" class="cyc_term">Agreement</a>s and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Obligation" class="cyc_term">Obligation</a>s, that remain relatively stable throughout their lifetimes. On the other hand, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/SomethingExisting" class="cyc_term">SomethingExisting</a> excludes "purely temporal" intangibles such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TimeInterval" class="cyc_term">TimeInterval</a>s. SomethingExisting thing existing stably in time A collection of binary predicates; a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Role" class="cyc_term">Role</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> relates some instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Event" class="cyc_term">Event</a> to a temporal thing involved in that event (here called a "participant", although the thing in question might not be playing an active role in the event). The first argument of every instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> is constrained to be an instance of some specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Event" class="cyc_term">Event</a>, and the second argument is constrained to be an instance of some specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/SomethingExisting" class="cyc_term">SomethingExisting</a>. All instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> have <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/actors" class="cyc_term">actors</a> as their <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/genlPreds" class="cyc_term">genlPreds</a>, directly or indirectly, so that the actor slots form a kind of hierarchy. Each specialized actor slot indicates how its participant participates in the event, i.e., in what role (e.g., <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/inputs" class="cyc_term">inputs</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/outputs" class="cyc_term">outputs</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/doneBy" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a>). Actor slots are not used to indicate the time of an event's occurrence, external representations of the event, and other more remotely related things that are not directly or indirectly "involved" in the occurrence of the event. Time and other quantities are relevant to events but are not instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/SomethingExisting" class="cyc_term">SomethingExisting</a>; thus, they are related to events by some non-<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a> predicate. Things which are remotely related to the event -- for instance, someone who is affected by the event but doesn't exist when the event occurs -- may be related using some instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Role" class="cyc_term">Role</a> that does not belong to <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/ActorSlot" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a>, such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/affectedAgent" class="cyc_term">affectedAgent</a>. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Role" class="cyc_term">Role</a>. ActorSlot predicate describing actors in events ActorSlotsConcernedWithObjectsActedOnOrChangedInAnEvent-Actor-Topic actor slots concerned with objects acted on or changed in an event actor topic individual-level predicate IndividualLevelPredicate `Individual-level' predicates express properties that apply to continuants more or less intrinsically, rather than only at a certain time or stage in time (for which cf. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/StageLevelPredicate" class="cyc_term">StageLevelPredicate</a>). Example: having brown eyes is, under normal conditions, an individual-level property. affected object objectActedOn The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> is used to relate an event to any object significantly affected in that event. The entity or entities in question must exist before the event, but may be either destroyed in the event (see the more specific predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/inputsDestroyed" class="cyc_term">inputsDestroyed</a>), or merely affected by it (for example, see the more specific predicates <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/damages" class="cyc_term">damages</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectOfStateChange" class="cyc_term">objectOfStateChange</a>). <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> EVENT OBJECT)</code> means that <code>OBJECT</code> is altered or affected in <code>EVENT</code>, and the change that <code>OBJECT</code> undergoes is central or focal to understanding <code>EVENT</code>. Thus, scissors are not an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> in a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/HairCuttingEvent" class="cyc_term">HairCuttingEvent</a>. The focal change in a haircut is hair getting shorter; thus, hair is a legitimate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> in a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/HairCuttingEvent" class="cyc_term">HairCuttingEvent</a>. The almost microscopic dulling that scissors undergo in a single haircut is a comparatively insignificant change with respect to a single haircut, considered as a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/HairCuttingEvent" class="cyc_term">HairCuttingEvent</a>. Event event An important specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Situation" class="cyc_term">Situation</a> and thus also of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/IntangibleIndividual" class="cyc_term">IntangibleIndividual</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TemporallyExistingThing" class="cyc_term">TemporallyExistingThing</a> (qq.v). Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Event" class="cyc_term">Event</a> is a dynamic situation in which the state of the world changes; each instance is something one would say "happens". Events are intangible because they are changes per se, not tangible objects that effect and undergo changes. Notable specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Event" class="cyc_term">Event</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Event_Localized" class="cyc_term">Event_Localized</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/PhysicalEvent" class="cyc_term">PhysicalEvent</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Action" class="cyc_term">Action</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/GeneralizedTransfer" class="cyc_term">GeneralizedTransfer</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/Event" class="cyc_term">Event</a>s should not be confused with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/TimeInterval" class="cyc_term">TimeInterval</a>s (q.v.). The temporal bounds of events are delineated by time intervals, but in contrast to many events time intervals have no spatial location or extent. prettyString (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/prettyString" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2008/06/10/concept/en/prettyString" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. Pretty String