]> 2009/04/07 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2009 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. Mappings between OpenCyc terms and Wikipedia article names provided by Olena Medelyan and Catherine Legg, University of Waikato, NZ under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. A collection of collections. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvidr35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IBTContentType</a> are specs of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvkNufpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingThing</a>. Each such instance (that is, each IBTContentType) is specified primarily by the type or organization of information contained by its instances. For example, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwP2KM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">JazzMusic</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvwE_DpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgramCopy</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViX1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Spreadsheet</a> are all IBTContentTypes, since each is primarily distinguished from other kinds of IBTs by the nature or organization of the information contained. Non-examples include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVkJAJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CompactDisc_Generic</a>, since compact discs are distinguished by their physical format, rather than their information content. (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvjSAy5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IBTFormatType</a>). IBTContentTypes whose instances contain not just similar but identical information (such as a single magazine issue, or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwJ1dg5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CitizenKane_TheMovie</a>), should be made specs of the more specific <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViqv5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SpecifiedInformationBearingThingType</a>. IBTContentTypes whose instances are members of a series (for example, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvu55tJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StarTrek_Classic</a>) should be made instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwEbBc5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IBTSeriesType</a>. IBTContentType type of information bearing thing classified by content types of information bearing thing classified by content specified information bearing thing type A collection of collections which is being phased out. In most cases, instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwClAZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ConceptualWork</a> should be used instead. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViqv5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SpecifiedInformationBearingThingType</a> is a subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvkNufpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingThing</a>, all of whose instances are instantiations of the same <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwClAZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ConceptualWork</a> and share a primary media form. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViqv5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SpecifiedInformationBearingThingType</a> can be created to refer to any instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwClAZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ConceptualWork</a>. For example, the collection of all instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a> which are instantiations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwLgpCZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WarAndPeace_TheNovel</a> would be an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViqv5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SpecifiedInformationBearingThingType</a>, as would the collection of all instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjVH5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MovieShowing</a> which are instantiations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwCuespwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Jaws_TheMovie</a> (even though both the novel `War and Peace' and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwCuespwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Jaws_TheMovie</a> were issued in slightly different variants). Heterogeneous collections, however, such as those defined by `copies of books written by Mark Twain', or by `physical instantiations of the Jaws story in all its forms', are NOT subcollections of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViqv5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SpecifiedInformationBearingThingType</a>, although they are subcollections of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvkNufpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingThing</a>. Example of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViqv5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SpecifiedInformationBearingThingType</a>: <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwPzny5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DimeCoin_US</a>. SpecifiedInformationBearingThingType musical type MusicType This is the collection of all music types. It includes not only types-by-style (basically genres) but also types-by-instrumentation, -period, -region, etc. A collection of collections. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwIiEmJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IBTSeriesOfEditionsType</a> is a collection of InformationBearingThings which are all editions of the same work. These InformationBearingThings share substantially the same information, and typically share the same name, but don't share exactly the same information because they are not all from the same edition. For example, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4riNGXwP2fQdaZXrfbbzQmow" class="cyc_term">MSWindows</a> has many versions (or editions), so it is an instance of IBTSeriesOfEditionsType. Any particular instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4riNGXwP2fQdaZXrfbbzQmow" class="cyc_term">MSWindows</a> would also be an instance of some particular edition of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4riNGXwP2fQdaZXrfbbzQmow" class="cyc_term">MSWindows</a>; e.g., #$MSWindows95. Collections of IBTs which are all from the same edition, such as #$MSWindows95, would be instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViqv5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SpecifiedInformationBearingThingType</a>. The relationship between an instance of IBTSeriesOfEditionsType (such as MSWindows) and the SpecifiedInformationBearingThingTypes that are its editions (such as #$MSWindows95) is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViBDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">genls</a>. IBTSeriesOfEditionsType IBT series of editions type ComputerFileTypeByFormat A collection of collections of computer files [<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwFz9L5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerFile_AIS</a>]. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvnlFSZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerFileTypeByFormat</a> (e.g. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvk_-EpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">JPEGFile</a>) is a collection of all <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwFz9L5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerFile_AIS</a>s that conform to a single preestablished layout for electronic data. Programs accept data as input in a certain format, process it, and provide it as output in the same or another format. This constant refers to the format of the data. For every instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvrgHFpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerFileCopy</a>, one can assert a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvZTKWJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">fileFormat</a> for it. file format IBTSeriesType type of information bearing thing series A collection of collections. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwEbBc5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IBTSeriesType</a> are collections of InformationBearingThings belonging to a single, named series. The sense of series here is not the broad one which includes the production order of multiple copies, but rather a narrower notion. Each series element (e.g., a particular issue of the New York Times) is not an IBTSeriesType but is instead an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViqv5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SpecifiedInformationBearingThingType</a>, because all instances (particular copies) of a single series element will have identical information. For example, (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvu55tJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StarTrek_Classic</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwEbBc5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IBTSeriesType</a>), but (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvvRJWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MediaSeriesNthFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvu55tJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StarTrek_Classic</a> 17) is not. (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwMubNpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">USAToday_TheNewspaper</a> #IBTSeriesType), but (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvvkF-JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MediaSeriesByDateFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwMubNpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">USAToday_TheNewspaper</a> (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvgD_W5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DayFn</a> 2 (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvgD9jZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MonthFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjCMpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">May</a> (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjympwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">YearFn</a> 1998)))) is not. The information content of that set of copies will be substantially different from the information content of another element of the same series. For example, all copies of the May 2, 1998 USA Today share the same information, but only a small amount of information is shared between the May 2 and May 3 issues of any year. bible Bible-BookCopy A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwJaXepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BookCopy</a>; the collection of all printed, hardcopy versions of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwOG0IJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Bible</a>. ResidentialPhoneDirectory white pages A sub-collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjllJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TelephoneDirectory</a>. Each <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvyciVJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ResidentialPhoneDirectory</a> lists <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjs7pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PhoneNumber</a>s for <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjmiZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HumanResidence</a>s. The listings are generally sorted alphabetically by the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwN11_ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">familyName</a> of the head of household. (TextualMaterialAboutFn FootFetish) textual material about foot fetishism Instances of this collection involve static <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rv3sEL5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cartoon</a> drawings, as opposed to animated cartoons (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwP0EJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cartoon_Animated</a>). Examples include individual cartoon drawings, comic strips (see #$SpecifiedComicStripSeriesType), and comic books. Cartoon-Still comics PornographicCartoon The collection of all pornographic cartoons. Members of this collection may be specs of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvW1cLpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cartoon_Still</a> or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwP0EJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cartoon_Animated</a>. cartoon sex CreditReportDocument credit profile The collection of all consumer credit reports. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViXG5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OfficialDocument</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwN0bepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CreditReportDocument</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4roOCJgqgyQdePhq6ip3adDw" class="cyc_term">ArtifactTypeByFunction</a>, a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a>, and an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvidr35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IBTContentType</a>. animation Animation-MovingImage Members of this collection are <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwP19XJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MovingImage</a>s made from a series of drawings simulating motion by means of slight progressive changes in the drawings. Unlike <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwP0EJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cartoon_Animated</a>, instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvV5sEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Animation_MovingImage</a> need not be humorous or satirical; membership in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvV5sEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Animation_MovingImage</a> is based solely on the method by which the image was created. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvW_VwpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimatedMovie</a>. a series of printed parallel lines or bars used on products in stores, addresses on envelopes, etc to encode information. barcode Barcode yaoi Instances of the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwEk7CZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Yaoi</a> are highly romanticized, but sexually explicit, Japanese-style <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvtiOJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Hentai</a> cartoons about #$GayMales. Members of this collection may also be instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvW1cLpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cartoon_Still</a>, or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvV5sEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Animation_MovingImage</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwEk7CZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Yaoi</a> as a cartoon form originated in Japan in the 1990's primarily for a female audience. Yaoi annotation Note-Document The collection of all note documents: information bearing objects that have as their main purpose helping persons remember the information encoded in them. HKLM-SOFTWARE-Microsoft-TransactionServer-Packages-Directory The collection of all HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\TransactionServer\Packages registry keys, a spec of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvsWeXpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExecutableRegistryKey</a>. Not an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvnRnKZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NTStandardFileType</a>, but fairly common. A directory of this kind is created on an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvwSW0pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NTMachine</a> when <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvz4qupwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MSTransactionServer</a> has been installed on it. HKLM SOFTWARE microsoft transaction server packages directory A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwFz9L5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerFile_AIS</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvzS_TZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CWInfoStructure</a> (qq.v.). This is the collection of computer files that have been created using <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwLa--pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MSPowerPoint</a> and correspond to (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rZFBfLAWLQdiduJi3VTbFSw" class="cyc_term">correspondingAIS</a>) some <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4r-3elepJQQdiUsJySmLZPHg" class="cyc_term">Slideshow_CW</a> (q.v.). MSPowerPointFile MS power point file disclosure A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvWIKZpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Statement</a> is the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvkNufpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingThing</a> created in a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVr8vZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StatingSomething</a>. An <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViAB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a> must create the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvWIKZpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Statement</a> and it contains propositional information. The illocutionary force of its contents are an #$Inform. Statement (TroubleWithTypeReportFn DodgeViperCar) report of trouble or problems with Dodge Vipers CompactDisc-Audio compact disc A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVkJAJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CompactDisc_Generic</a>. Each instance of this collection is designed to be used for storing audio in the CD format, which is most commonly used for music. YellowPages yellow pages A sub-collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjllJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TelephoneDirectory</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rv9mYBZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">YellowPages</a> lists <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjs7pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PhoneNumber</a>s for <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjQNpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Business</a>es. The listings may be sorted alphabetically by the name of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjQNpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Business</a>, or by names of business categories, and by name of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjQNpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Business</a> within each category. (PicturesFn JeffGordon) Jeff Gordon picture The collection of all voouchers. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjEcJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TenderObject</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvgCnOpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Voucher</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvidr35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IBTContentType</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a>. Voucher voucher copy of the Cyc program CycTheCollection A specialization of (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwSrUNJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ProgramTypeCopyFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViJNZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IntelligentComputerProgram</a>) and (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwSrUNJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ProgramTypeCopyFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjnQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InteractiveComputerProgram</a>). Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjqXZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycTheCollection</a> is a copy (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwSiusZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">programCopies</a>) of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjbE5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycProgram</a>. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjqXZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycTheCollection</a> include all of the copies of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjbE5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycProgram</a> on storage media (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rDTuCrKlmEdaAAACgycbRww" class="cyc_term">CycCopy</a>) or running on computers (either <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvWB87JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycAgent</a> or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rQv0MTKWjEdaAAACgycbRww" class="cyc_term">CycImage</a>) at any time in history. A notable instance of this <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvWB87JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycAgent</a> is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViAZZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cyc</a>, which is the agentive copy of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjqXZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycTheCollection</a> that one is currently running and using. (TextualMaterialAboutFn AdultMaleHuman) book about men Advertisement-IBT A collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvkNufpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingThing</a>s. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvZyPeZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Advertisement_IBT</a>s are IBTs intended for a large audience, often <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVz97JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ThePublic</a>. The originator of the corresponding <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwP2CJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Advertisement_PCW</a> pays to have these instantiations made accessible to the intended audience, and intends that people who access one will be affected by it in a way that is favorable to the originator. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvZyPeZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Advertisement_IBT</a>s take many physical forms, including billboards, magazine and newspapers ads, email, direct mail, and radio and television commercials, among others. ad The collection of all marriage licenses. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvkNufpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingThing</a>. marriage license (InformationThingAboutFn MarriageLicense) IBOAboutEvent The collection of IBOs which are event-centered. object bearing information about an event sacred symbol ReligiousSymbol The collection of all religious symbols. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwKrQNpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SymbolicThing</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwPfnj5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ReligiousSymbol</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvidr35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IBTContentType</a>. The collection of drawings of characters. The following 4 facts are often but not always true about them: 1: Their characters are doing some action. 2: They involve social or political commentary. 3: They involve humorous or satirical content. 4: They are often part of cartoons strips. Some are animated moving pictures (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwP0EJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cartoon_Animated</a>) others are still, see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvW1cLpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cartoon_Still</a>. toon Cartoon SymbolicThing A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvu__KJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InformationStore</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwBObNJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PartiallyIntangibleIndividual</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwKrQNpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SymbolicThing</a> symbolizes some thing or event or achievement, without describing it in any detail. Examples include halos (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvzaw1ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Halo_Symbolic</a>), <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjPBZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NationalAnthem</a>s, school colors, and physical objects such as national flags which are instances of the (notable) subcollection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjPJpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SymbolicObject</a>. Note that instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwKrQNpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SymbolicThing</a> can be <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvkNufpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingThing</a>s or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwClAZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ConceptualWork</a>s. They generally do not have propositional information (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViAqJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PropositionalInformationThing</a>) contents -- rather, they are typically associated (by an informed interpreter) with particular entities. To emotional interpreters, such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a>s, symbolic objects are often evocative of certain attitudes associated with the entities symbolized -- such as nationalism, respect, school spirit, hatred, reverence, etc. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwKrQNpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SymbolicThing</a> differs from <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjJhJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Signal</a> in that <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjJhJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Signal</a>s are one-time-only occurrences, whereas <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwKrQNpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SymbolicThing</a>s are open to their characteristic interpretation any time they are encountered. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwDZeOpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">signifiesTo</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvX_fqJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">signifies</a>. symbolic representation textual material about domain names (TextualMaterialAboutFn DomainName) The collection of all spoken, written, or otherwise expressed word tokens recognizeable as instantiations (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvlEGHpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">instantiationOfAIS</a>) of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwTEDhpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NLWordForm</a>s. Note that a single <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvpJFiJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NLWord_IBT</a> can instantiate several <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwTEDhpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NLWordForm</a>s. Puns are examples of such multiple instantiations. NLWord-IBT word token License-IBO A collection of InformationBearingObjects. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwDMLb5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">License_IBO</a> is a tangible document recording some <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViu3pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">License_LegalAgreement</a>.For example, the StateOfTexas enters into a LegalAgreement with me which constitutes my <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViy7JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DriversLicense_LicenseAgreement</a>, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViu3pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">License_LegalAgreement</a>. That agreement is recorded on the card I carry in my pocket, and instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwDMLb5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">License_IBO</a>. license IBO home plan HousePlan The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rv7-EzJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArchitecturalPlan</a>s which act as specifications for building houses. Some of these plans may be <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwPzjPJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Blueprint</a>s, but they need not be hardcopy objects. They could be created using a computer drafting program, for example. Advertisement-Commercial-IBT IBTs issued by businesses to let potential customers know what products they want to sell, buy, rent, lease, or trade. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwP2CJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Advertisement_PCW</a>. commercial advertizement The bill for services rendered BillForServices bill for service copy of a transcript of a speech The collection of official written, printed, or typed copies of certain official records or verbatim copies of an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVkMJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalUtterance_IBT</a> or series of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVkMJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalUtterance_IBT</a>s. TranscriptCopy book about women (TextualMaterialAboutFn AdultFemaleHuman) (WebSiteFn-Reference DodgePioneerCar) reference page about Pioneer architectural plan ArchitecturalPlan The collection of architectural drawings which act as plans or specifications for building some <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVidpZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ConstructionArtifact</a>. Some of these plans may be <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwPzjPJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Blueprint</a>s, but they need not be hardcopy objects. They could be created using a computer drafting program, for example. textual material about family households (TextualMaterialAboutFn FamilyCohabitationUnit) (PicturesOfTypeFn Bondage-Sexual) bondage picture spreadsheet Spreadsheet A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvrtS6JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HumanAccessibleIBT</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVj4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StructuredInformationSource</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViX1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Spreadsheet</a> is an information-bearing thing that presents (usually numeric) data in a two-dimensional matrix of cells that are organized into rows and columns so that people can view it. A spreadsheet may be produced by hand with pencil and paper or generated by a computer <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVj7fZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SpreadsheetProgram</a> (q.v.) such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViw7ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Lotus123</a> onto a computer screen or hardcopy device. Associated with every spreadsheet are mathematical definitions of some of its cells as a function of other cells in that spreadsheet. A database [see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVidEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Database_Physical</a>] that holds the information from which the spreadsheet is generated is not an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViX1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Spreadsheet</a>. (PicturesOfTypeFn HomosexualBehavior-Male) male orgy picture Hentai Members of Hentai are pornographic cartoons. Members of this collection may be specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvW1cLpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cartoon_Still</a>, or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvV5sEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Animation_MovingImage</a>. Hentai as a cartoon form originated in Japan. Hentai picture of lesbian sex (PicturesOfTypeFn HomosexualBehavior-Female) index Elements of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvtD0JZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Index_PointerList</a> are <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvkNufpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingThing</a>s structured such that they have two main parts: referents, and lists of pointers. An <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvtD0JZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Index_PointerList</a> may be thought of as list of such referent/pointer pairs. The first element of each such pair contains a term. The second element of each such pair contains a list of pointers to locations (not necessary spatial locations) which are related to that term in some way which is characteristic of the given index. Some examples: At the back of many reference books one will find a Subject Index. Such a subject index is comprised of a list of referent/pointer list pairs. The referents are individual subjects. The pointer list associated with each subject is a list of page numbers which mention the subject. The Cyc KB is full of indexes. For example, the constant <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjaoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Dog</a> has an assertion index associated with it. One of the referents in the index is called ''All GAFs''. This referent has a list of pointers associated with it. Each pointer points to a GAF which mentions <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjaoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Dog</a>. A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjKWpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Dictionary</a> is an non-example of an index. Although each word in the dictionary might correspond to a index referent, the items following each such word are not pointers but are definitions. Index-PointerList A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwBObNJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PartiallyIntangibleIndividual</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvu__KJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InformationStore</a> is a tangible or intangible, concrete or abstract repository of information. The information stored in an information store is stored there as a consequence of the actions of one or more agents. Wholly intangible instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvu__KJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InformationStore</a> include instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvf9sZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AspatialInformationStore</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViAqJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PropositionalInformationThing</a>. Some instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvu__KJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InformationStore</a> -- namely, instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVj2rJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingObject</a>, such as copies of a newspaper at a newsstand -- are only partially intangible. store of information InformationStore A collection of collections. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvidr35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IBTContentType</a> are specs of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvkNufpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingThing</a>. Each such instance (that is, each IBTContentType) is specified primarily by the type or organization of information contained by its instances. For example, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwP2KM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">JazzMusic</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvwE_DpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgramCopy</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViX1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Spreadsheet</a> are all IBTContentTypes, since each is primarily distinguished from other kinds of IBTs by the nature or organization of the information contained. Non-examples include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVkJAJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CompactDisc_Generic</a>, since compact discs are distinguished by their physical format, rather than their information content. (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvjSAy5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IBTFormatType</a>). IBTContentTypes whose instances contain not just similar but identical information (such as a single magazine issue, or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwJ1dg5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CitizenKane_TheMovie</a>), should be made specs of the more specific <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViqv5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SpecifiedInformationBearingThingType</a>. IBTContentTypes whose instances are members of a series (for example, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvu55tJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StarTrek_Classic</a>) should be made instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwEbBc5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IBTSeriesType</a>. IBTContentType type of information bearing thing classified by content type of temporally stuff-like thing TemporalStuffType A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVir35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StuffType</a> (q.v.) whose instances are all and only those collections that are temporally stuff-like. A collection <code>COL</code> is temporally stuff-like just in case every purely temporal part (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a>) of an instance of <code>COL</code> is itself an instance of <code>COL</code>, unless it is a temporal part of a temporal granule of <code>COL</code> (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjaJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">granuleOfTemporalStuff</a>). More precisely, for a collection <code>COL</code> to be an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a> it is both a necessary and sufficient condition that for any <code>OBJ1</code> and <code>OBJ2</code> (with <code>OBJ2</code> at or above <code>COL</code>'s temporal granularity level), if <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> OBJ1 COL)</code> and <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a> OBJ1 OBJ2)</code>, then <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> OBJ2 COL)</code>. Consider <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a>. Take an arbitrary instance <code>WALK</code> of this collection (say Miss America 2000's victory walk down the runway and back); and then take an arbitrary time-slice <code>SUBWALK</code> of <code>WALK</code> that subsumes at least one instance of (the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjaJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">granuleOfTemporalStuff</a> for <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a>) <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViYBpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TakingAStep</a> (say her trip back from the end of the runway). <code>SUBWALK</code> is itself an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a>. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a>. See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViq35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a> for the disjoint notion of being temporally object-like. (CollectionUnionFn (TheSet IBTContentType CWInfoStructure DevisedPracticeOrWork)) the union of { type of information bearing thing classified by content, information structure of a conceptual work, work } A collection of collections. Each instance <code>COL</code> of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rqEYnNVMqEdaSKAACs0x8nw" class="cyc_term">AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType</a> (ANECT) is a collection satisfying three conditions: (1) <code>COL</code> is disjoint with (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViA45wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">disjointWith</a>) <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViAxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalThing</a>, (2) every instance <code>INST</code> of <code>COL</code> is an instance of <code>COL</code> essentially (i.e. <code>INST</code> is an instance of <code>COL</code>, and could not exist without being an instance of <code>COL</code>), and (3) condition (2) is a necessary truth about <code>COL</code>. Positive examples of ANECTs include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViAzJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Collection</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVieEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Integer</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViAzZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Relation</a> (each of which is a collection of atemporals and is such that, necessarily, all of its instances are in it essentially). Negative examples include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjpUZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SpatialThing</a> (though arguably it is necessary that all of its instances are essentially instances of it, it is not disjoint with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViAxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalThing</a>) and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwP4FM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">UniqueAnatomicalPartType</a> (which, though disjoint with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViAxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalThing</a>, has instances, such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjvDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Heart</a>, that could exist even if they weren't instances of it; e.g. it might have been the case that every creature with a heart had at least two hearts). There are no known examples of Cyc-reified collections satisfying conditions (1) and (2) but not (3), but one can be contrived. Suppose that all of today's winning lottery numbers were primes. Now consider the collection: (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvrhK-JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CollectionUnionFn</a> (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjkdpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TheSet</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjrdZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PrimeNumber</a> TodaysWinningLotteryNumbers)) This collection is clearly disjoint with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViAxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalThing</a> and, by hypothesis, all of its instances are in it essentially (as each prime number is essentially a prime number). But this last fact is not necessarily true of this collection: the collection might have had instances that belonged to it only contingently (i.e. not essentially), as it might have been the case that one of today's winning lottery numbers was non-prime, and no number is such that it is essentially one of today's winning lottery numbers. When asserting that something is an instance or specialization of a given instance of ANECT, it is appropriate to do so in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4r3_SgQU2iEdaCwAACs0x8nw" class="cyc_term">UniversalVocabularyMt</a> (q.v.). Indeed, ANECT was specially defined to facilitate the movement of appropriate assertions to that microtheory. Cf. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rGeylLJTfEdqAAAACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">PragmaticallyDecontextualizedCollection</a>. type of atemporal collection in which membership is necessarily essential AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. Pretty String prettyString SecondOrderCollection second-order Cyc collection The collection of all specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>, that is, of all collections of (first-order) collections, and an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rHUFI8h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">ThirdOrderCollection</a>. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> are collections of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>s. Any instance of any instance of any instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjaApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Individual</a>. A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVkGXJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TaxonomicSlotForCollections</a> (q.v.) that can be used to relate a given collection to a collection-of-collections (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvtppU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CollectionType</a>) all of whose instances are specializations of the given collection. <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvhOImJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">typeGenls</a> COLTYPE COL)</code> means that every instance of <code>COLTYPE</code> has <code>COL</code> as a generalization (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViBDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">genls</a>). For example, <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvhOImJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">typeGenls</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjWJ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CreditCardTypeByBrand</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjO6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CreditCard</a>)</code> means that each type of credit card is a subcollection of the collection of all credit cards. Note that this does not imply that every subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjO6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CreditCard</a> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVjWJ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CreditCardTypeByBrand</a>. Type Genls typeGenls A collection of collections. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvidr35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IBTContentType</a> are specs of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvkNufpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingThing</a>. Each such instance (that is, each IBTContentType) is specified primarily by the type or organization of information contained by its instances. For example, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwP2KM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">JazzMusic</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvwE_DpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgramCopy</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViX1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Spreadsheet</a> are all IBTContentTypes, since each is primarily distinguished from other kinds of IBTs by the nature or organization of the information contained. Non-examples include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvVkJAJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CompactDisc_Generic</a>, since compact discs are distinguished by their physical format, rather than their information content. (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvjSAy5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IBTFormatType</a>). IBTContentTypes whose instances contain not just similar but identical information (such as a single magazine issue, or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwJ1dg5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CitizenKane_TheMovie</a>), should be made specs of the more specific <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvViqv5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SpecifiedInformationBearingThingType</a>. IBTContentTypes whose instances are members of a series (for example, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rvu55tJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StarTrek_Classic</a>) should be made instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/Mx4rwEbBc5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IBTSeriesType</a>. IBTContentType type of information bearing thing classified by content